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Biomedical subjects

L B Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to L B Nelson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensorimotor disturbances in craniostenosis.

Forty-two patients with craniostenosis were evaluated for sensorimotor disturbances and related ocular findings. Subjects include patients with Crouzon's syndrome (21 patients), Apert's syndrome (14 patients), and Pfeiffer's syndrome (seven patients). Thirty-five patients had strabismus in primary position and six of the remaining seven had oculomotor disturbances in at least one field of gaze. Twenty-three patients had sensory evaluations, all demonstrating adaptations similar to that of the general populations. Since sensory adaptations can become more deeply rooted with time, these patients should receive early strabismus treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent esotropia following early successful surgical correction of congenital esotropia.

A study was conducted using a group of congenital esotropes who had an adequate surgical alignment prior to 18 months of age, to determine how many of them would redevelop esotropia. In the group that redeveloped the condition, a high percentage of the esotropia was accommodative in nature and was therefore able to be corrected with spectacles. Both the initial refractive error and changes in refractive error were noted to be significant. This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring the refractive state continuously, especially in children with subnormal fusion.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extended wear contact lenses in pediatric aphakia.

A 100% silicone polymer contact lens can be used successfully for extended wear in pediatric aphakia. Compared to a hydrogel extended wear contact lens, the silicone lens has several advantages. These include easier handling, a less traumatic fitting procedure for the child, fluorescein use for evaluation of the lens-cornea relationship and a lower loss rate. Bacterial and preservative contamination are minimized due to the lower water content. The silicone lens appears to be safe, having no permanent adverse effects on the cornea. It would be more advantageous if the lens could be obtained in higher plus powers; however, the available power (up to +32.00D) is appropriate in almost all cases.

Aphakia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial simple ectopia lentis: a case study.

Hereditary simple ectopia lentis affected nine patients in three generations of a family. Inheritance appeared to be autosomal dominant. Examination of 12 family members, employing body proportion measurements, chest x-ray, echocardiogram, and urinary cystine or blood methionine levels, revealed no evidence of any systemic disease. In all cases except two, lenses were bilaterally and superiorly dislocated. The degree of dislocation varied considerably among those affected, causing no visual disturbance in some and severely limiting visual acuity in others. Visual deficits were greatest in patients with intermediate degrees of dislocation. To date, the only known complications related to the dislocations have been two cases of bilateral cataracts. The indications for lensectomy in patients with ectopia lentis are reviewed.

Ectopia Lentis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reoperations for esotropia.

The results of bilateral medial rectus rerecession and bilateral lateral rectus resection for patients with undercorrected or recurrent esotropia after medial rectus recession are compared. Medial rectus rerecession resulted in a high rate of consecutive exotropia. Lateral rectus resection was more accurate but was often accompanied by undercorrection. Minimal millimeter amounts of rerecession yielded large diopter results. Except in cases where medial restrictive factors or obvious errors in magnitude of the original surgery are noted, we feel that bilateral lateral rectus resection is the surgery of choice in patients with recurrent or undercorrected esotropia following medial rectus recession.

Esotropia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous surgery for bilateral congenital cataracts.

In about one third of patients congenital cataracts are bilateral. If the cataracts are dense, and the patient an infant, bilateral simultaneous cataract removal reduces anesthetic risk, hospital stay, and cost and allows earlier optical correction. This study represents a retrospective survey of 32 eyes (16 cases) with simultaneous surgery for bilateral congenital cataracts. Bilateral simultaneous surgery can be performed to avoid a second general anesthesia in infants who have bilateral dense congenital cataracts.

Anesthetics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ophthalmologic findings in the Cornelia de Lange syndrome.

Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CDLS) is characterized by mental retardation, growth retardation, skeletal anomalies, and a characteristic facies. We examined 22 children with CDLS to ascertain the relative frequencies of oculofacial and ophthalmologic abnormalities. We confirm prior reports of the frequent findings of brow hypertrichosis, synophrys, and long arcuate eyelashes. In addition we documented the association with ptosis, nystagmus, and high myopia. Contrary to previous reports, we did not find blue sclera or corneal, pupillary, or retinal disorders to be part of this syndrome. Hypertelorism and telecanthus were found, but they were dependent on the method of calculation. Two children had optic nerve pallor. We also report the new findings of poor macular reflex, chin lifts induced by ptosis, hypertropia, and nasolacrimal duct fistula.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An alternative approach to the surgical management of exotropia--the unilateral lateral rectus recession.

Fifty-five patients with moderate angle exotropia of 15 to 20 prism diopters were surgically treated with a unilateral lateral rectus recession of 7.0, 7.5, or 8.0 mm. The mean age at surgery was 14.5 years. The mean preoperative deviation was 18.0 delta. The mean lateral rectus recession was 7.6 mm. At the initial postoperative follow up, all patients were either a small-angle exotropia or esotropia, or orthophoric. Twenty-eight of the 55 patients (51%) were orthophoric at their most recent follow up. Twenty-four patients (44%) were undercorrected, with 22 of these having residual exodeviations less than 8 delta. Three patients (5%) were overcorrected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum in trisomy 18.

Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA) is a mild form of ankyloblepharon, in which there is partial thickness fusion of the central portion of the lid margins, sparing the canthi. Although it can be seen as an isolated sporadic congenital defect, it is important for pediatric ophthalmologists to be cognizant of its possible association with a number of anomalies. One infrequent, but nevertheless important association, is with trisomy 18. We present three cases of AFA in association with trisomy 18, and emphasize the need for clinicians to search for other abnormalities in a newborn presenting with AFA.

Adult↗