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Biomedical subjects

K Yokoi

Publications and source records attributed to K Yokoi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Supplementation of essential trace elements during total parenteral nutrition--effects on trace element-deficient rats].

Thirty-one male SD rats, six weeks old, were fed a trace element-deficient diet for two weeks and then divided into three groups and maintained for 1 week as follows: group A with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) without supplementation of trace elements, group B with TPN supplemented with the following 5 trace elements ... iron, zinc, copper, manganese and iodine, and group C with a diet free of the above five trace elements. Another group of eight rats was fed a diet supplemented with the above five trace elements for three weeks as a control (group D). Feeding or TPN without supplementation of trace elements evoked microcytic hypochromic anemia and significant decreases in iron concentrations in plasma and tissues (groups A and C). Supplementation of trace elements in the TPN solution showed a tendency to cure anemia and a significant increase in the iron concentration in tibia (group B). Decreases in the zinc or copper concentrations in plasma and tissues during TPN without trace elements were prevented by supplementation of trace elements in the TPN solution (group B). The plasma zinc and copper concentrations correlated well with their levels in liver, kidney and tibia. Manganese deficiency was not recognized in this investigation (groups A and C), though supplementation of trace elements in the TPN solution increased tissue manganese concentration (group B). Feeding or TPN without supplementation of trace elements induced decreases in plasma triiodothyronine and thyroxine (groups A and C). Supplementation of trace elements in the TPN solution showed a tendency to increase plasma thyroxine (group B).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in trace-element concentrations after intravenous injection of an essential trace-element preparation for parenteral use in rats].

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of intravenous injection of an essential trace-element preparation (TE-5) on iron, zinc, copper and manganese concentrations, and blood biochemical and hematological parameters in rats. The rats were treated by intravenous injection of TE-5 for 7 days and the following results were obtained: 1) Neither a 0.04 nor a 0.4 ml/kg/day injection of TE-5 affected the iron, zinc, copper and manganese concentrations in tissues. 2) At a higher dose (1.2 ml/kg/day), iron concentrations in liver and spleen, zinc concentrations in liver, kidney, tibia and plasma, copper concentrations in heart, kidney and whole blood, and manganese concentrations in brain, heart, spleen, kidney, femoral muscle, tibia and whole blood increased. 3) At the highest does (4 ml/kg/day), all rats died and iron, zinc, copper and manganese concentrations in tissues increased remarkably. 4) With injections of TE-5 (0.04-1.2 ml/kg/day), hemoglobin, hematocrit, alkaline phosphatase activity and blood urea nitrogen decreased slightly. These results suggest that iron, zinc, copper and manganese concentrations, and blood biochemical and hematological parameters are maintained at doses up to 0.4 ml/kg/day of TE-5, but that doses higher than that destroy homeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Pilot phase II study of 5-day continuous infusion of cisplatin in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer].

We administered cisplatin (CDDP) as a single agent at a dose of 25 mg/m2/day for 5 days by continuous infusion in 15 patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (3 squamous cell carcinoma, 11 adenocarcinoma and 1 large cell carcinoma), and studied the pharmacokinetics of CDDP, the response rate and toxic effects. The maximum concentration (Cmax) of filtrable platinum (Pt) was 0.092 +/- 0.03 microgram/ml and AUC was 9.3 +/- 3.5 micrograms.hr/ml. The response rate was 40% (6/15). Nausea without vomiting was noticed in 53% of patients and vomiting in 27%. Leukopenia (less than 3,000/mm3) was seen in 53%, thrombocytopenia (less than 70,000/mm3) in 27% and anemia (Hb less than 9.5 g/dl) in 67%. Peak serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl was not observed. The Cmax of the filtrable Pt was low but AUC level was high compared with that in reported data in which CDDP as a single agent was infused at the same dose in short-term infusion. This was presumably associated with the good response rate in this study. The incidence of hematologic toxicity was slightly high, while that of vomiting and nephrotoxicity was rather low. The 5-day continuous infusion appears to be a safe and effective method of CDDP administration for non-small cell lung cancer, and improved therapeutic results may be expected when this is combined with other effective drugs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Comparative pharmacokinetics of a new benzamide neuroleptic drug in rats, dogs and monkeys using a stable isotope technique.

Comparative pharmacokinetics of a new benzamide neuroleptic drug, cis-N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidine-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4-met hylamino benzamide (NBND) was studied in rats, dogs and monkeys using two deuterium-labelled compounds. NBND and 2H3-NBND, which showed no biological isotope effect, were co-administered p.o. and i.v. to rats, dogs and monkeys, and the plasma concentrations of unchanged drugs were simultaneously determined by g.l.c.-chemical ionization mass spectrometry with 2H7-NBND as an internal standard. The plasma half-lives (t1/2 beta) after i.v. administration were 1.6, 4.7 and 2.2 h in rats, dogs and monkeys at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Plasma clearances were 4.3, 1.7 and 1.4 l/h per kg in rats, dogs and monkeys. Absorption rate constants (Kab) were 1.1, 0.58 and 0.54 per h in rats, dogs and monkeys, at doses of 10, 3 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Absolute bioavailabilities were 0.8, 9.5 and 1.3% in rats, dogs and monkeys, suggesting that all these species showed large first-pass effects, probably due to hepatic metabolism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Actinopyrones A, B and C, new physiologically active substances. I. Producing organism, fermentation, isolation and biological properties.

A strain of Streptomyces was found to produce new physiologically active substances. The active compounds were purified and separated into three substances named actinopyrones A, B and C. Actinopyrones exhibited coronary vasodilating activities in anesthetized dogs and weakly antimicrobial activities against some Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Determination of indeloxazine in plasma by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Two methods have been developed for the quantitative determination of indeloxazine, a cerebral activator, in plasma by HPLC or GC-MS. After addition of viloxazine as the internal standard, indeloxazine was extracted from alkalinized plasma. In the HPLC method, the plasma extract was treated with 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride and analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. In the GC-MS method, the two plasma compounds were converted to their pentafluoropropionyl derivatives for selected-ion monitoring. The limits of detection were 5 and 2 ng/mL for the HPLC and GC-MS methods, respectively. When plasma samples obtained by giving indeloxazine hydrochloride to volunteers were analyzed by the two methods, good correlation between the data was obtained (r = 0.9901).

Antidepressive Agents↗