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Biomedical subjects

K Yazaki

Publications and source records attributed to K Yazaki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus showing microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation.

It has been reported that microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occasionally occurs in patients with severe diabetic microangiopathy. We report a case of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in whom microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were thought to be complicated. The patient showed fragmentation hemolytic anemia and progressive diabetic microangiopathy, together with a mild elevation of serum fibrin(ogen) degradation products. Considering the state of chronic DIC, heparin therapy was started, but mild hemolysis persisted. It is possible that microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and chronic DIC cause a vicious cycle in patients with severe diabetic microangiopathy, leading to rapid progression of diabetic microangiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Maintenance chemotherapy using UFT and FT for gynecological malignant tumors. The Gunma Prefectural Society for Study of Chemotherapy for Gynecological Cancer].

The Gunma Prefectural Society for Study of Chemotherapy for Gynecological Cancer made a comparative study on postoperative supplementary chemotherapy including UFT and FT-E for gynecological malignant tumors. The number of cases registered totaled 182, which was broken down into ovarian cancer 53 cases, uterine cervical cancer 89 cases and endometrial cancer 30 cases. Complete cases among them consisted of ovarian cancer 53 cases, uterine cervical cancer 86 cases and endometrial cancer 27 cases for a total of 166 cases. Ovarian cancer was stratified into the completely and incompletely removed cases, uterine cervical cancer into postoperative non-irradiated and irradiated cases and endometrial cancer into the positive metastasis (+) group and negative metastasis (-) group. Then the UFT administration group and FT-E administration group were compared for postoperative survival. There were control groups for both ovarian and endometrial cancer. UFT administration showed a significant improvement in the survival rate (P < 0.05) compared to the FT-E administration group in the cases of ovarian cancer completely removed and the cases of endometrial cancer irradiated after operation. No significant difference was observed between other groups compared. The incidence of side effects was 20.6% (20/97) in the UFT administration group and 3.6% (2/55) in the FT-E group. Neither group showed any serious side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Woodfordin D and oenothein A, trimeric hydrolyzable tannins of macro-ring structure with antitumor activity.

Two new antitumor trimeric hydrolyzable tannins, woodfordin D (5) and oenothein A (13), were isolated from the dried flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa, and their macrocyclic structures, which have a novel constituent unit (woodfordinoyl group) connecting the monomers, have been elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence. Oenothein A (13) was also isolated from the leaves of Oenothera biennis.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1991

Ataxic hemiparesis due to small semioval center infarction--consideration of the neuroanatomical disruptions responsible for ataxic hemiparesis.

A 63-year-old man with clinical features of typical ataxic hemiparesis is reported. CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed a small infarction in the contralateral semioval center near the parietal cortex. Of note is the previously unreported site of the lesion relative to this syndrome. The neuroanatomical basis for the ataxic hemiparesis syndrome is discussed.

Ataxia↗
PubMed1991

Neuroradiological findings of paretic neurosyphilis, a case report.

Neuroradiological findings of a patient with paretic neurosyphilis are described. A 50-year-old male patient showed personality changes, severe dementia and some neurological deficits. Serological analysis of serum and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated the presence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum. Computed tomography showed diffuse cerebral cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed some small abnormal signals in the white matter. Single photon emission tomography using [123I] N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP-SPECT) indicated decreased activities, most markedly in the right frontal and bitemporal cortices. Although the neuroradiological findings were nonspecific, the MR imaging and IMP-SPECT findings were interesting because they have not been described previously to our knowledge.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Effect of glutamate and its antagonist on shift of water from extra- to intracellular space after cerebral ischaemia.

The effects of glutamate and the excitatory amino acid antagonist, MK-801, were investigated on the time course of the shift of water from extracellular to intracellular space (progression or cytotoxic oedema) after total brain ischaemia in rats. Administration of sodium glutamate intravenously before ischaemia accelerated the shift of water dose-dependently. On the contrary, preischaemic administration of MK-801, an NMDA antagonist, delayed the progression of cytotoxic oedema due to brain ischaemia. We consider that glutamate and NMDA antagonists may have important roles in the development and prevention of cytotoxic oedema in the ischaemic state.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Suppression of water shift into intracellular space by TA-3090 (calcium entry blocker) measured with NMR.

In order to clarify the effects of TA-3090 (calcium entry blocker) on the suppression of water after ischaemic events, 16 measurements of T2f were continuously performed on brain biopsy (for 2-60 min) obtained from treated and control Wistar rats. The time constant (k) and NMR parameters (T2f,(O) delta T2f, T2fmax(T2f(O) + delta T2f) were obtained from 16 values of T2f. The values of k in Wistar rats treated with intravenously administrated TA-3090 (0.5 mg/kg) were significantly prolonged as compared to that of control. There were no significant differences of maximum prolongation of T2f(T2fmax(T2f(O) + delta T2f) among three groups. Since the prolongation of T2f after biopsy reflects the water shift from extra to intracellular space, the increments of time constant indicates that TA-3090 suppresses the water shift into intracellular space. Our present results suggest that TA-3090 prevents some processes involved in irreversible cell damage and suppresses the cytotoxic brain oedema in the incomplete ischaemic area where non-competitive calcium channel is inactive.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung, associated with giant-cell transformation in bone metastasis.

A case of neuroendocrine lung tumor located beneath the pleura in a 71-year-old woman is reported. At autopsy, the tumor was found to have metastasized to the bones and liver without involving the hilar lymph nodes. Histologically, the tumor cells at the primary site and in the liver metastasis exhibited a carcinoid-like organoid structure, whereas pleomorphic giant cells were noted in the bone metastasis. The argyrophilic tumor cells were immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, serotonin, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, gastrin-releasing peptide, neuropeptide Y, gastrin, pancreatic polypeptide, glicentin, the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, Leu M1 and carcinoembryonic antigen. Electron microscopy revealed abundant neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm. This was considered to be a rare case of neuroendocrine lung tumor showing carcinoid-like histology at the primary site and large-cell transformation in bone metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A highly sensitive and specific sandwich enzyme immunoassay for detection of human chorionic gonadotropin in trophoblastic disease.

A highly sensitive and specific two-site enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been examined and applied to the detection of hormones in the serum of normal individuals and patients with trophoblastic disease. This EIA uses a solid phase coupled antibody to the unique COOH terminal peptide region of the hCG beta-subunit (beta-CTP) and an enzyme conjugated monoclonal antibody to the hCG beta-subunit. The overnight 2 step assay measured as little as 0.2 mIU/ml serum without hLH interference and a rapid one step assay was newly developed in our laboratory. Assays of serum from normal men and nonpregnant women of reproductive age indicated that most individuals did not have detectable serum levels of hCG immunoreactivity, although a minority had minute amounts. In contrast, women with non-functional ovaries had detectable levels of hCG immunoreactivity with a mean value of 0.86 mIU/ml serum. The extremely high sensitivity and specificity of the EIA in detecting hCG provides substantial advantages for the detection of early pregnancy and for monitoring trophoblastic tumors.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1989

Studies on the mechanism of the sedational state; "tranquilization" evoked by bradykinin or kallikrein in rats.

The mechanism of the sedative state "tranquilization" evoked by bradykinin(BK) or kallikrein(Kal), was studied. The drugs were injected intracerebroventricularly(icv) into the lateral ventricle, according to Yaksh's procedure. The behavior of a rat was estimated comparatively by the spontaneous movement. Two groups of animals were examined; one group was pretreated with prostaglandin (PG)-synthesis inhibitors, and the other group was not pretreated. The tranquilization was observed at the period of 12 to 16 min after BK or Kal injection. Almost of the PG-synthesis inhibitors reduced the tranquilization. On the contrary, eugenol or guaiacol, elongated the tranquilization. The levels of monoamines and PGs in the rat brain at the tranquilization, 15 min after BK injection detected with HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). The levels of almost monoamines in the rat brain were decreased, however, PGE2 was increased considerably. Those results suggest that PGs is greatly involved in tranquilization evoked by BK or Kal.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and physical mapping of the DNA of Miscanthus streak geminivirus.

Molecular cloning and physical mapping of miscanthus streak virus (MiSV) circular double-stranded (ds) DNA was carried out. The circular dsDNA was isolated from leaves of Miscanthus saccariflorus (Gramineae) infected with MiSV. In addition to the monomeric circular dsDNA form in MiSV-infected leaves, there were minor circular dsDNA populations of twice (dimer) and approximately half genome length. The size of monomeric circular dsDNA was about 2.67 kilobase pairs. The evidence presented suggests that the genome of MiSV consists of one component.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1989

[Study of behavioral pharmacology on rats. Tranquilizing effects induced by endogenous or exogenous bradykinin].

UNLABELLED: This study was investigated on the mechanism of the sedative state, tranquilization induced by bradykinin (BK) and kallikrein (KAL). The drugs used in this study were as follows: KAL as endogenous BK promoter; prostaglandins (PGs) as a material of analogous action of BK; indomethacin and mepacrine as the inhibitors of PG-synthesis; eugenol as the OH- scavenger and the PGE-synthesis potentiator; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor as BK potentiator B. All drugs were dissolved in Hartmann's solution (lactate Ringer's solution) and 10 microliters of solution was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats, according to the Myers' procedure. Then, the rat behavior was estimated, by means of monitoring spontaneous movement. A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for detecting alteration of monoamines and prostaglandins in the rat brain on sedative state after BK or KAL injection. RESULTS: 1) A 2-phase alteration of spontaneous movement was occurred within 30 min after BK or KAL icv-injection with behavioral specificity as follows: two exciting states and one sedative state. 2) A great increase of spontaneous movement evoked by BK or KAL was accompanied by exciting state as follows: jumping, wet dog response, struggle and scratching response, rearing and exploration. 3) A great decrease of spontaneous movement evoked by BK or KAL was accompanied with sedative state as follows: crouching with piloerection and closed eyes, catalepsy, preening and moisturizing and grooming. 4) PGE1 icv-injection was also carried out to clarify the involvement in the BK- or KAL-induced behavioral alteration. Consequently caused PGE1 the similar result to BK or KAL. 5) ACEI elongated and enhanced the exciting state or sedative state evoked by BK or KAL. 6) It was clear that BK reduced levels of monoamines in the rat hypothalamus: levels of norepinephrine(NE), epinephrine(E), dopamine(DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were decreased to 72.5%, 53.5%, 71.2% and 75.0% of control, respectively. Reduction of catecholamines in the hypothalamus was produced by increase of PGs and subsequently occurred sedative state of rats. 7) BK- or KAL-induced exciting state was enhanced by PG- synthesis inhibitor, especially the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, but the sedative state was weakened. On the contrary, eugenol, an OH- scavenger, elongated and intensified the sedative state. Detection with HPLC showed remarkable increase of levels of PGs in the rat brain during the sedative state: the level of PGE2 was 27.5% increase of control and the level of PGE2 alpha was also 54.8% increase of control, respectively.

Angiotensin II↗