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Biomedical subjects

K Yano

Publications and source records attributed to K Yano.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Construction of a host-vector system in Candida maltosa by using an ARS site isolated from its genome.

To construct a host-vector system in an n-alkane-assimilating yeast, Candida maltosa, the isolation of an ARS site from its genome which replicates autonomously in C. maltosa was attempted. Leu- mutants of C. maltosa were transformed with a gene library prepared by using YEp13 (LEU2+) as a vector, and Leu+ transformants were obtained at a high frequency. A plasmid named pCS1 was isolated from the recipient cells. pCS1 contained a 6.3-kilobase (kb) fragment of the C. maltosa genome, and a 3.8-kb fragment with ARS activity was subcloned and designated the TRA (transformation ability) region. Vectors (pTRA1 and pTRA11) for C. maltosa J288 were constructed that contained this 3.8-kb fragment, pBR322, and the LEU2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transformation of C. maltosa J288 with these plasmids was successful by both spheroplast and lithium acetate methods. Southern blot analysis suggested that the copy number of pTRA1 in C. maltosa was between 10 and 20, and it was stably maintained during growth without selective pressure in the medium. It was also found that these vectors could transform S. cerevisiae leu2- to LEU2+, suggesting that the TRA region contained an ARS site(s) that was specific not only for C. maltosa but also for S. cerevisiae.

Candida↗
PubMed1986

Cloning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of a cycloheximide resistance gene from the Candida maltosa genome which modifies ribosomes.

We have previously shown that cycloheximide resistance can be induced in a strain of Candida maltosa by modifying ribosomes (M. Takagi, S. Kawai, Y. Takata, N. Tanaka, M. Sunairi, M. Miyazaki, and K. Yano, J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 31:267-275, 1985). The present paper describes the cloning of the gene involved in this resistance (designated RIM-C for ribosome modification by cycloheximide) by using a host-vector system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Candida↗
PubMed1986

Ovulation induction with bromocriptine in normoprolactinemic anovulatory women.

Afternoon-evening and nocturnal serum PRL levels and PRL responsiveness to metoclopramide (MCP) were determined in 34 women with normoprolactinemic anovulation (nPRL-Anov) and in the early follicular phase (EFP) in 6 normal women. Subsequently, the nPRL-Anov women were treated with 5 mg bromocriptine (Br) twice daily for 2 months, and its action on ovulation was determined. Those women who did not respond to Br received 50-150 mg clomiphene for 5 days. The nPRL-Anov patients were classified into 3 groups in terms of the efficacy of Br treatment: group I, those who ovulated with Br (n = 13); group II, those who ovulated after receiving Br and clomiphene (n = 7); and group III, those who failed to ovulate after the above treatments (n = 10). Four patients dropped out of the study. Diurnal serum PRL levels were approximately 10 ng/ml in all patients, and no statistical difference was found among the groups. Peak nocturnal serum PRL levels (the highest PRL value during the 0000-0400 h period) were 38.0 +/- 23.9 (+/- SD) ng/ml in group I patients, higher (P less than 0.05) than in groups II and III and normal (EFP) women (20.1 +/- 9.1, 20.7 +/- 7.7, and 16.3 +/- 2.7 ng/ml for the group II and III patients and the EFP women, respectively). MCP induced rapid and marked elevation in serum PRL levels in all subjects. The maximum post-MCP PRL value in the group I patients was 224.2 +/- 89.7 ng/ml, which was significantly higher (P less than 0.002) than the maximum value in the remaining groups (120.5 +/- 25.8, 121.3 +/- 54.2, and 101.9 +/- 28.1 ng/ml, respectively). Ten (76.9%) and 12 (92.3%) group I patients had nocturnal PRL levels above 25 ng/ml and maximum PRL values after MCP above 150 ng/ml, respectively. We conclude that some nPRL-Anov patients have elevated nocturnal serum PRL levels or enhanced PRL responsiveness to MCP, indicative of nocturnal or latent hyperprolactinemia. Br effectively induced ovulation in these patients. A MCP provocation test can predict the outcome of Br treatment in such nPRL-Anov patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sinus node function after selective elimination of sympathetic influences on the sinus node area of the dog.

Six-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) was injected directly into the subepicardium of the sinus node area in an attempt to damage sympathetic nerve terminals in the sinus node. The changes in sinus node function were observed for 4 weeks. The predominant rhythm was of sinus origin throughout the observation period. The sinus rate progressively decreased from 145.1 +/- 14.2 to 76.2 +/- 12.1 beats/min during the first week after injection of 6OHDA. The sinus rate remained at this level for 2 weeks, followed by a gradual increase to 89.3 +/- 18.2 beats/min 4 weeks after injection of 6OHDA. These sinus rates were only significantly different from control dogs through the 14th postoperative day. The sinus rate was considerably increased by intravenous atropine injections 5 to 7 days after the injection of 6OHDA into the sinus node area. The sinus node recovery time was much longer in dogs with an injection of 6OHDA than that in the control dogs throughout the observed period. These results suggest that elimination of the sympathetic influences on the sinus node can be achieved by direct injection of 6OHDA into the sinus node area in the dog, and that sinus node function can be depressed by decreasing sympathetic tone alone, in the absence of an intrinsic dysfunction of the sinus node.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Possible role of surface potential in the gating mechanism of Ca channels concerned with catecholamine secretion in the adrenal.

Cat adrenal gland was perfused retrogradely with modified Locke's medium and we investigated the effect of divalent cations on catecholamine release in response to KCl depolarization and to substitution of sucrose for NaCl in order to study the role of surface potential in the gating mechanism of Ca channels. The response to 20 mM KCl was largest at 10 mM Sr and it was less at 20 and 40 mM. Inhibition by the higher concentration of Sr was weakened by the addition of 10 mM Mg to the medium or by raising the concentration of KCl. The response to 30 mM KCl at 10 mM Sr was much larger than that at 10 mM Ca, and it was reduced by the addition of Ca. Stronger depolarization tended to reduce the difference between Ca and Sr in supporting secretion. The addition of 10 mM Sr increased the response to 30 mM KCl in the presence of 0.1 or 0.5 mM Ca, but tended to reduce the response in the presence of 2 or 10 mM Ca. Response to sucrose substitution was also reduced by increasing the concentration of Ca or Sr. Inhibition by Ca was counteracted by raising the concentration of K, Rb, or Cs so that the concentration of Ca producing the maximum response tended to be higher. Similarly, inhibition by Sr was partially reversed by raising the KCl concentration to 15 mM. These results are in accord with the idea that a high concentration of permeant divalent cations reduces the number of activated Ca channels by decreasing the surface potential, and also that Ca is more effective than Sr in decreasing the surface potential by binding to the surface negative charges. Increase of catecholamine secretion by a novel dihydropyridine BAY K 8644 was greater in the presence of Sr than with Ca.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1986

Actinopyrones A, B and C, new physiologically active substances. I. Producing organism, fermentation, isolation and biological properties.

A strain of Streptomyces was found to produce new physiologically active substances. The active compounds were purified and separated into three substances named actinopyrones A, B and C. Actinopyrones exhibited coronary vasodilating activities in anesthetized dogs and weakly antimicrobial activities against some Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[RI angiography with 99mTc and 201T1-chloride scintigraphy in determining the effectiveness of intra-arterial infusion in chemotherapy of locally advanced and recurrent breast cancer].

Eleven patients with local advanced and recurrent breast cancer were treated preoperatively with intraarterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents. After the treatment, nine patients underwent radical mastectomy. RI angiography with 99mTc is a useful procedure for determining the correct position of the tips of an inserted cannula. The results of 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy have been found to be closely consistent with the results of the resected specimen histologically. Therefore, 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy is also a quite useful procedure for determining the effects of intraarterial infusion in cancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Closing volume].

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Closing Volume↗
PubMed1986

[Serum prolactin levels during sleep and in metoclopramide stimulation in normoprolactinemic anovulation and ovulation induction with bromocriptine].

Diurnal and nocturnal serum prolactin (PRL) levels were determined in 37 normoprolactinemic anovulatory (nPRL-Anov) patients and 6 normal cycling women each in the early follicular phase (EFP) and the luteal phase (LP). PRL responsiveness to metoclopramide (MCP) was assessed. The nPRL-Anov patients received 5mg/day bromocriptine (CB-154) for 2 months and ovulation was investigated. To the CB-154 non-responders was added 150mg/day clomiphene (CL) for 5 days. The nPRL-Anov patients were classified into 3 groups; i.e. I: those who ovulated with CB-154 (n = 14), II: those who ovulated with CB-154 + CL (n = 6), and III: those who failed to ovulate (n = 10). Nocturnal serum PRL levels in I (42.0 +/- 26.2ng/ml; M +/- SD) were significantly higher than those in EFP, II and III (p less than 0.05). Eleven (78.6%) of I had nocturnal PRL levels higher than 25ng/ml. The peak PRL values at MCP provocation were significantly higher in I (213.3 +/- 89.1ng/ml) than in EFP, II and III (p less than 0.01). Thirteen (92.9%) of I had peak PRL values more than 150ng/ml. The peak PRL values and nocturnal PRL levels correlated. There were some exhibiting nocturnal or latent hyperprolactinemia, who responded effectively to CB-154, among nPRL-Anov patients. A MCP provocation test could be used in prediction of the efficacy of CB-154 treatment when applied to nPRL-Anov patients.

Anovulation↗
PubMed1986

Attenuation of the virulent RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii by passages in mice immunized with Toxoplasma lysate antigens.

The virulent RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii was attenuated after a few passages or just one long passage in mice immunized twice with a four-week interval between immunizations with an emulsion of Toxoplasma lysate antigens and complete Freund's adjuvant. Three avirulent strains, RH-cyst III, IV and VIII were established from the RH strain. The RH-cyst III strain was effective for vaccination against challenge with the original, virulent RH strain. The attenuation of T. gondii is an expression of the innate attributes of this parasite necessary to maintain its parasitic life cycle in nature.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Differential effects of thiazide and estrogen upon bone mineral content and fracture prevalence.

Individual and combined effects of thiazides and estrogens upon bone mineral content at four sites (proximal radius, distal radius, os calcis, lumbar spine) and fracture prevalence were assessed retrospectively in 993 postmenopausal women. Compared with untreated women, use of thiazide alone was associated with significantly higher bone mineral content (P less than or equal to .01); nonspine fracture prevalence in this group was reduced by one-half (P = .07). Estrogen alone also was associated with significantly higher bone mineral content (P less than or equal to .0001); nonspine fracture prevalence was reduced by almost one-half (P = .07). The users of both estrogen and thiazide had the highest bone mineral content levels, which were significantly different than the thiazide-only group at four bone sites (P less than or equal to .001), and the estrogen-only group for three bone sites (P less than or equal to .05). Nonspine fracture prevalence for the users of both drugs was 17% that of the untreated group (P = .02). The relationships with spine fracture prevalence were less consistent; however, estrogen users appeared to have a lower spine fracture prevalence rate and higher spinal bone mineral content than thiazide users. These findings suggest a potential role for thiazides in the prevention of osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evidence for a Ca2+-independent hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in neuron-like cell line NG108-15 cells.

The addition of bradykinin to 32Pi-labeled neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells caused a substantial loss of radioactivity from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI-4,5-P2). The bradykinin-induced hydrolysis of PI-4,5-P2 was almost equally observed even when extracellular Ca2+ was depleted with EGTA (100 microns). On the other hand, high K+ depolarization of the cells, which allows Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, failed to induce any significant decrease in the radioactivity of PI-4,5-P2. These data indicate that the bradykinin-stimulated PI-4,5-P2 hydrolysis in NG108-15 cells is independent of extracellular Ca2+ and also that PI-4,5-P2 hydrolysis is not stimulated by an elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration.

Animals↗