Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Y Kim

Publications and source records attributed to K Y Kim.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Regenerating liver-specific transacting factors of H2B histone gene are newly synthesized during liver regeneration.

We have investigated DNA synthesis and levels of H2B histone mRNA, and the binding pattern of nuclear proteins to various elements in the rat H2B histone gene upstream region with DNase I footprinting assay. Both DNA synthesis and H2B histone mRNA level were increased with maximal stimulation reached at 24 hrs and 36 hrs after partial hepatectomy, respectively. In DNase I footprinting analysis, the nuclear factors interacting with the three elements, TATA at -19 bp (site AR), site B at -29 bp, and CAAT at -69 bp (site C) were required during maximal increase of H2B histone mRNA level after partial hepatectomy. The DNase I protection pattern by nuclear extract of the cycloheximide-treated regenerating liver showed the same results with normal liver. These results suggest that transcriptional regulation of H2B histone gene during liver regeneration may be mediated by nuclear factors that are newly induced by partial hepatectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Eosinophilic granulopoiesis in human fetal liver.

Eosinophilic granulopoiesis was investigated in human fetal liver during intrauterine life from 5 to 34 weeks of gestation. Eosinophilic granulocytes were observable for the first time at 5 weeks in the hepatic laminae and were frequently found in the late embryonic period around the large vessels and in the mesenchyme adjacent to the liver. Eosinophilic granulopoiesis increased gradually in the hepatic laminae (P < 0.01) after 20 weeks of gestation and in the portal areas (P < 0.05) after 16 weeks of gestation. The proportions of each cellular differentiation stage were relatively constant during fetal life, but a greater number of mature eosinophils were observed in the portal areas. Eosinophilic granulopoiesis was evident in all the hepatic tissue components, but developed more actively in portal areas than in hepatic laminae during intrauterine life. Eosinophilic granulopoiesis preceded both erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis in the human embryonic liver. Although the latter two occurred mainly in the hepatic laminae, eosinophilic granulopoiesis developed more actively in the portal areas, where it exhibited increasing activity along with the development of the component cells.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1993

The diagnostic value of triple head single photon emission computed tomography (3H-SPECT) in avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Bone scans, triple head single photon emission computed tomography (3H-SPECT) and MRI scans were compared for their ability to detect avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN). 3H-SPECT was undertaken 5 hours after injection of 20 mCi of Tc-99m MDP for 20 minutes using a 3 detector rotating gamma camera (TRIAD, Trionix) equipped with ultra-high resolution collimators. The bone scan and 3H-SPECT were diagnosed as positive for AVN when a photopenic defect in the femoral head could be identified. The final diagnosis of AVN was established in 32 patients in 52 hips by MRI and/or histological findings. Unilateral disease was present in 11 patients, while 21 had bilateral disease. Of 32 patients and 52 hips, the bone scan, 3H-SPECT and MRI detected 37, 46 and 52 positive hips respectively. The sensitivity of 3H-SPECT (88.5%) was higher than that of the bone scans (71.5%), and was also higher than that previously reported using a single head SPECT. In AVN, the 3H-SPECT image was much clearer, and permitted more accurate localization of lesions than was possible by a bone scan. Studies including patients with diseases other than AVN and correlation with other methods of imaging is needed to define the role of 3H-SPECT in the diagnosis of AVN more precisely.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the lumbar herniated intervertebral disc.

Two hundred and eleven patients with lumbar disc herniation at 242 levels were divided into 5 groups by their appearances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the findings at operation were compared to assess the accuracy of the MRI classification. There were no negative explorations. There was 92% sensitivity, 91% specificity and 92% accuracy for MRI in distinguishing protruded discs from other forms of lumbar disc herniation. For sequestrated discs there was 92% sensitivity, 99% specificity and 97% accuracy. In the extruded subligamentous type there was 71% sensitivity, 82% specificity and 79% accuracy, and 52% sensitivity, 92% specificity and 81% accuracy in the extruded transligamentous type. The overall accuracy of MRI predicting the types of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc was 85%. High resolution MRI is sensitive in detecting disc disease and specific in characterizing various subgroups of disc herniation, especially those which are sequestrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The prevalence study on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for the detection of hemophilia A carrier.

We have analyzed two (BclI and XbaI) intragenic restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and St14 (DXS52) variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) by rapid PCR method in 97 unrelated normal subjects. The incidences for positive Bc1I and XbaI polymorphic sites in the Koreans were 81% and 72%, respectively, which were higher than other ethnic groups but similar to that reported in the Chinese or Japanese, giving the heterozygosity rate of 0.32 and 0.40, respectively. The amplified allele size was 880 bp with no other polymorphism in the analysis of St14 (DXS52) VNTR. This finding should be taken into account in the planning of a prenatal diagnosis program for ethnic Koreans.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Comparative study of hepatitis C virus antibody between hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

We have done cross sectional and prospective studies to determine the prevalence and the clinical significance of antibodies to the hepatitis C virus (Anti-HCV) in 54 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 227 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Fifteen patients (27.8%) were anti-HCV (+) among the HD group, and twelve patients (5.3%) were anti-HCV (+) among the CAPD group. In the HD group, the positivity of anti-HCV correlated with the duration of HD, but there was no significant correlation with the history of transfusion, the amount of transfusion and abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT). At the follow-up study in 164 cases (HD 50 cases, CAPD 114 cases) after 6 months, one of 14 anti-HCV (+) CAPD patients was converted to anti-HCV (-) and two of 35 anti-HCV (-) HD patients were converted to anti-HCV (+). In conclusion, the prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher in HD patients compared to CAPD patients, and the positivity for anti-HCV in HD patients correlated with the duration of HD. A regular follow-up of anti-HCV and isolation of anti-HCV (+) HD patients with a separate machine may be needed to prevent the transmission of the hepatitis C virus during hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with Achilles tendon autograft.

The increasingly serious complications of artificial ligaments and allografts have brought them into disrepute. Recently, autografts have drawn more attention. A new type of autograft, the Achilles tendon autograft, has been developed and applied to anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. This report describes the advantages of the Achilles tendon autograft used and presents the results of a prospective study of 21 patients with minimum 2 year follow up. Of the 21 cases, 16 patients (75%) had a rating of excellent; 2 (10%) good, 2 (10%) fair, and 1 (5%) poor. Preoperative knee scores of 56.7 were improved to 89.5 postoperatively. The authors removed less than half of the Achilles tendon with the calcaneal bone incorporated. Through magnetic resonance imaging we confirmed that the remaining Achilles tendon of the donor site regained its volume and strength within a year without significant complication. Achilles tendon autograft offers the advantages of length, elastic strain modulus, reproducibility in technique, and consistency of the result without significant complications.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of protein phosphatases blocks myogenesis by first altering MyoD binding activity.

To examine the role of protein phosphatases in skeletal muscle differentiation, C2C12 myoblasts were treated with okadaic acid, a potent in vitro inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A which regulate various cellular events in intact cells. We now show that okadaic acid treatment of the mouse myoblast C2C12 cell line reversibly altered the morphology of the cells and blocked differentiation. At a molecular level, it extinguished expression of the myogenic determination genes, MyoD1 and myogenin, but induced the expression of an inhibitor of differentiation, Id. Analysis of the MyoD1 promoter showed that inhibition of MyoD1 expression by okadaic acid occurs at the transcriptional level. These changes occur 10-20 h after okadaic acid treatment. However, within 1 h of treatment the ability of muscle extracts to support a specific MyoD-dependent gel mobility shift using a MyoD DNA binding site is lost. These data suggest that protein phosphatases play an important role during myogenic differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Post-transcriptional regulation of the human transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene.

Since many lines of evidence suggest that expression of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) gene may be regulated post-transcriptionally, we examined the effect of the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of this gene on TGF-beta 1 expression. For this purpose, fragments of the 840-nucleotide highly GC-rich TGF-beta 1 5'-UTR were inserted into the 5'-UTR of the structural gene for human growth hormone driven by the simian virus 40 early promoter. A portion of the 5'-UTR of TGF-beta 1 mRNA spanning the sequences from +11 to +147 was shown to inhibit growth hormone expression by as much as 22-fold. This effect was cell-specific; growth hormone production was inhibited in PC-3 human prostate adenocarcinoma and A-549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, while no effect was seen in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, which show efficient translation of endogenous TGF-beta 1 mRNA. Computer analysis showed that this region of the 5'-UTR contained a stable secondary stem-loop structure spanning sequences +49 to +76. This stem-loop region alone is sufficient to inhibit expression of the growth hormone gene, suggesting that it plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of TGF-beta 1 gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cyclic AMP induces transforming growth factor beta 2 gene expression and growth arrest in the human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3.

The standard therapy for advanced prostate cancer is androgen ablation. Despite transitory responses, hormonally treated patients ultimately relapse with androgen-independent disease that is resistant to further hormonal manipulation and cytotoxic chemotherapy. To develop an additional approach to the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, we have been studying the signal transductions controlling the growth of human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma cell lines. We report here that elevation of intracellular cAMP markedly inhibits the growth of the hormone-refractory cell line PC-3. To examine the mechanism of cAMP action in PC-3 cells, we tested the effect of the cAMP analog dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2-cAMP) on the regulation of the potent negative growth factor transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). Bt2-cAMP selectively induced the secretion of TGF-beta 2 and not TGF-beta 1 by PC-3 cells. This TGF-beta 2 was shown to be bioactive by using the CCL-64 mink lung cell assay. TGF-beta 1 was not activated despite being present at 3-fold higher concentrations than TGF-beta 2. Northern analysis showed that Bt2-cAMP induced an increase in the five characteristic TGF-beta 2 transcripts and had no effect on the level of TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 3 transcripts. TGF-beta 2 induction was only weakly enhanced by cycloheximide and was completely inhibited by actinomycin D. These data show that Bt2-cAMP induces the expression of active TGF-beta 2 by PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells, suggesting a new approach to the treatment of prostate cancer and a new molecular mechanism of cAMP action.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1992

Solid-phase immunoassay using a flow cytometer: quantitative and qualitative determination of protein antigens and a hapten.

A fluoroimmunoassay employing a flow cytometer as the fluorescence-detecting device is described. Three kinds of antigens, murine immunoglobulin (Ig), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone were chosen as examples of the assay using fluorescein-labeled antibodies. Cyanogen bromide-activated agarose beads were used as solid-phase supporters. The flow cytometric immunoassay was applied to both qualitative and quantitative analyses; determination of murine Ig isotypes, quantitative determination of Ig, hCG and a hapten, progesterone. This assay produced very reproducible and less-fluctuating data since thousands of particles in the assay were collected and processed to produce a single value for fluorescence intensities. Furthermore, the working range of the assay in terms of antigen concentration was much broader than that of enzyme immunoassay. Therefore, we believe that microparticles like agarose beads could be useful solid-phase supporters in immunoassay, and the flow cytometer could provide a reliable alternative to the fluorescence-detecting device in immunoassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The first report of diffuse panbronchiolitis in Korea: five case reports.

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), which is prevalent in Japan, is known to be rare outside Japan. Although a case of diffuse panbronchiolitis in a second generation Korean was reported in Japan in 1986, no case has been reported in Korea. Recently we found 5 cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis in Korea, two histologically proven and three clinically and radiologically suspected. All 5 cases had the typical respiratory symptoms and signs and a history of chronic sinusitis. In three clinically and radiologically suspected cases, high resolution computed tomography showed the typical findings of DPB and other diseases such as pulmonary emphysema, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis could be ruled out. More cases of DPB are expected to be found in Korea in the near future.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency--report of 4 cases.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common hereditary enzyme disorder and more than 200 million people have a deficiency in this enzyme. It is a globally important cause of neonatal jaundice and causes life-threatening hemolytic crisis in childhood. At later ages, certain drugs such as antimalarials, and fava beans cause hemolysis among G6PD deficiency patients. The frequency and severity is influenced by genetic and cultural factors. It is common in Mediterranean, African, and some East Asian populations but rare in Korea. Four cases of G6PD deficiency which were first noticed in Korea are investigated with their clinical features.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Arterial oxygen desaturation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

This prospective study evaluated the incidence and severity of arterial oxygen desaturation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and assessed clinical factors in relation to arterial oxygen desaturation. Following pulmonary function testing, 192 patients underwent elective EGD with continuous recording of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). 62 patients (32.3%) showed arterial oxygen desaturation (SaO2 decrease greater than 4% from baseline SaO2); severe arterial oxygen desaturation (SaO2 less than or equal to 85%) reflecting hypoxemia (arterial oxygen tension less than or equal to 50 mmHg) was found in 17 patients (8.9%). These changes were most frequent at the esophageal stage of EGD but most marked at the gastroduodenal stage of EGD. The incidence of arterial oxygen desaturation was not related to age, sex, preendoscopic pulmonary function tests, smoking, or duration of endoscopy. These data support that continuous monitoring of SaO2 should be standard procedure during endoscopy because there was no identifiable preendoscopic risk factor for arterial oxygen desaturation during EGD. But there was no persistent drop in SaO2 longer than 2 minute. We suppose that oxygen supplement may not be required during EGD even in patients with modestly impaired pulmonary function tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Small airway disease in rheumatoid arthritis.

Variety of pulmonary lesions are thought to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These lesions traditionally have included pleurisy with or without effusion, Caplan's syndrome, pulmonary rheumatoid nodules, diffuse interstitial fibrosis, and pulmonary arteritis and hypertension. But little attention has been paid to the airways in RA. Recently, several reports have suggested an association between airflow limitation and RA, but its incidence is not known. Also whether there exists a parameter of disease activity of RA, suggesting the presence of small airway disease (SAD) is not clear. To answer these questions, the serologic parameters which reflect the disease activity of RA and pulmonary function tests which reflect small airway dysfunction were performed on 36 lifetime nonsmokers with RA who had normal chest x-ray findings. The prevalence of SAD and the relationships between the disease activity parameters of RA and pulmonary function were observed. The results were as follows. The percentages of patients with abnormal values for diffusing capacity, frequency dependence of compliance (C1.0/C0.0), forced expiratory flow 25-75%, Vmax50% and Vmax 75% were 45.5%, 62.5%, 40%, 22.8% and 11.4%, respectively. There was statistically significant negative correlation between C1.0/C0.0 and ESR. But consistent correlation between other pulmonary function tests and clinical and serologic parameters of RA, and differences in pulmonary function between patients who were serologically positive and negative for CRP and FANA, were not found. In conclusion, SAD, without the influence of smoking, is frequently associated with RA, but the presence of SAD cannot be predicted from any clinical and serologic parameters of RA currently in use.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

MRI classification of lumbar herniated intervertebral disc.

A consecutive series of 28 patients with lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) who exhibited positive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings was analyzed and compared with operative findings to define the type of disc herniation. This prospective study showed that the overall accuracy of MRI in predicting the types of HIVD was 80.6%. Proton density image was the most helpful in differentiating protruded discs from extruded ones. Disruption of "posterior longitudinal ligament line," defined on T2-weighted sagittal image, was reliable in differentiating a transligamentous disc from subligamentous one. Sequestered disc could be more accurately diagnosed with Gadolinium-DTPA enhancement, which showed anterior rim enhancement of the sequestered portion on T1-weighted axial image.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Tremor at onset. Predictor of cognitive and motor outcome in Parkinson's disease?

We examined 46 male patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease to see whether tremor at onset was as useful a predictor of benign clinical outcome as tremor predominance after several years. When we compared patients with tremor at onset (n = 27) with those whose disease began with brady-kinesia/rigidity (n = 9), or gait disorder (n = 10), we found no significant differences after a mean of 7 years in motor, cognitive, or affective status. Sixteen of the tremor-onset patients continued to have tremor predominance with minimal gait disorder after about 7 years. These tremor-predominant patients had significantly better motor outcome and somewhat better cognitive outcome than either tremor-onset patients who subsequently developed gait disorder (n = 11) or patients without tremor at onset (n = 19). Tremor predominance after several years appears to be a better predictor of a benign clinical course of Parkinson's disease than tremor at onset.

Cognition↗