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K Widhalm

Publications and source records attributed to K Widhalm.

150 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
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[Glucose tolerance test in morbidly obese children and adolescents].

Oral glucose tolerance tests (50 g/m2 body surface) were performed in fifty-two children and adolescents (28 girls and 24 boys) aged 3.1 to 16.8 (mean +/- SD 11.4 +/- 3.28) years. Mean overweight of the patients was calculated to be 69.7 +/- 28.5%. Plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin were determined before, and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after the oral glucose load. According to the criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group six (11.5%) of the subjects had abnormal glucose test profiles (fasting glucose concentrations over 140 mg/dl or after 120 minutes above 140 mg/dl), and in four of the six probands we could detect elevated fasting insulin levels (above 17 E/ml) as well. In twenty-three out of forty-eight serum samples (47.9%) basal insulin levels were elevated. No correlation between age, sex, duration of overweight with glucose or insulin levels could be found. Our results are in accordance with findings in obese adults reflecting a high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia in obese children and adolescents. On the other hand pathophysiologic relevance and clinical importance of these findings in obese children of an impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia is questionable in view of the rapid normalization after weight loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of psychotherapeutic interventions on weight reduction and personality development of a 13-year-old boy with Prader-Willi syndrome].

A 12.10-year old boy (actual weight 88.8 kg, actual height 131.2 cm; 228% overweight) with Prader-Willi-syndrome achieved, after repeated ineffective therapy attempts over a period of 10 years, a weight reduction of 11.8 kg (185% overweight) during a 9-week in-patient treatment. In the following out-patient phase of therapy a further weight reduction of 20 kg (109% overweight) was achieved over a period of 16 months. Apart from the usual modes of action of therapy (reduced energy intake, physical exercise, behaviour modification), family therapeutic and special education interventions were used. These achieved an improvement of the patient's self-esteem, an increase in his competence to act and in his autonomy concerning his diet management, as well as a positive experience of his own abilities and social acceptance by other children and the stabilisation of the dysfunctional family system. It may be assumed that this therapeutic success is dependent on consequent compliance with the system model.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[External stimulus dependence in food intake of obese adolescents: studies using a food dispenser].

According to the theories of Schachter concerning the external response of obese adults, which have been confirmed by Jung, Pudel and Nisbett, we tested these theories in obese adolescents. Eating behaviour of 16 grossly obese adolescents (8 males, 8 females, mean age 13.2 +/- 0.3 years, mean relative body weight 124 +/- 2%; mean +/- SD) and 16 normal weight age-matched adolescents (8 males, 8 females, mean age 13.4 +/- 0.2 years, mean relative body weight 97 +/- 3%) were investigated under four different test situations. 1. drinking test with vanilla-mix (790 kcal/l) 2. drinking test with vanilla-mix (1090 kcal/l) 3. drinking test with visual illusion 4. drinking test during a stress situation No significant differences were found between obese and normal weight concerning the absolute amounts of vanilla-mix consumed nor in total energy intake. However, differences in test 1, 3, and 4 concerning the amounts estimated prior and after the tests. Compared with the first drinking test in test 2, 3, and 4 the obese probands consumed significantly more vanilla-mix and total calories than the lean. In bicycle-ergometry the obese revealed significantly lower exercise values (p less than 0.02) than the normal weight probands. Furthermore, the obese adolescents showed a massive discrepancy between the subjective working ability and the objective measurement of the individual pulse rate. In our tests we could demonstrate that obese adolescents are more sensitive to external stimuli than normal weight. The theory of higher responsiveness of obese to external stimuli therefore is also valid for obese adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of 2 different reducing diets on the concentration of HDL cholesterol in obese adolescents].

Serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and fatty acid composition of the major serum lipid classes were determined in fifteen obese adolescents (9 girls and 6 boys, mean age 12.5 +/- 1.2 years, mean overweight 55 +/- 21%) undergoing two weight reduction regimens, differing in fatty acid pattern. The two diets were equal as regards to total energy (approx. 1200 kcal/5100 KJ), protein and carbohydrate content, but differed in the P/S ratio (Diet A: 0.36 +/- 0.19, Diet B, 0.82 +/- 0.44). After eight weeks of treatment with Diet A the patients were switched over to the Diet B. Weight loss during the eight weeks was similar (Diet A: 9.8 +/- 2.1%, Diet B: 7.5 +/- 1.3% reduction of overweight). Diet A resulted in a slight reduction of total and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo AI, AII, and B concentrations. HDL-C levels fell significantly from 51 +/- 17 mg/dl to 43 +/- 15 mg/dl (p less than 0.01). Linoleic acid concentrations declined in all major serum lipid classes, in particular in triglycerides and phospholipids (p less than 0.001), whereas arachidonic acid increased in phospholipids (p less than 0.001). After the Diet B a further decline of total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides and Apo B concentrations could be observed, however, HDL-C levels returned to pre-treatment levels (50 +/- 10 mg/dl). Linoleic acid concentrations and arachidonic acid values returned to baseline values. We conclude from this study that in obese adolescents a hypocaloric diet enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with a reduction of total-, LDL-C and Apo B concentrations, but with no major changes of HDL-C levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗