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Biomedical subjects

K Weiler

Publications and source records attributed to K Weiler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A comparative study: guardianship petitions for adults and elder adults.

1. The appointment of a guardian is the result of a court proceeding that transfers to another an individual's authority to make personal decisions. 2. Gerontological nurses may be asked to assist clients and families in the resolution of problems concerning personal and health care treatment decisions. 3. This study showed that adults younger than 65 years old needed a guardian due to mental retardation, mental illness, or accidental injury. Adults over 65 years old needed a guardian because they had mental retardation, alcoholism, dementia, or other physical disabilities. 4. Immediate family members were most often the individuals to serve as guardians.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The affective outcomes of course work on computer technology in nursing.

At the University of Iowa, nursing students are introduced to computer technology as one unit in a course designed to explore nursing as a profession. A single group, pretest/posttest design was used to evaluate changes in attitudes associated with the course work. Relationships of attitudes scores and eight background variables were studied. Posttest attitudes scores were significantly higher than pretest scores. The attitudes scores were positively related to skills scores at a statistically significant level of .05, with no significant relationship between attitudes scores and knowledge base scores. Four of the eight background factors were related to the attitudes scores at a statistically significant level of .05.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Abuse among rural mentally ill.

Each American adult has the right to make individual decisions. These decisions include preferences in lifestyle, occupation, diet, housing, health-care treatment, and allocations of financial resources. The right to autonomous decision making is not limited to young or middle-aged adults, nor is it limited to those occasions during which the individual has the capacity to personally participate in the decisions (US Congress, 1987). The right also applies to elderly, incapacitated, mentally ill, or dependent adults. Because of this autonomy, no individual must suffer physical, psychological, or financial coercion. Based on these rights, all 50 states have enacted statutes to protect dependent adults and to authorize government intervention in cases of suspected adult abuse (Hunzeker, 1990). Iowa is one of the states that has enacted dependent adult abuse legislation, and in 1988, health-care practitioners in Iowa became mandatory reporters of adult abuse (Iowa Code, 1992). As mandatory reporters, all nurses who treat, counsel, examine, or attend dependent adults must observe the physical status and interpersonal relationships of their clients and significant others to identify potential conflict or injury. Categories of abuse recognized by the Iowa law include physical, sexual, and financial abuse, neglect by self, and neglect by another (Figure).

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Legal methodology as nursing problem solving.

This article presents legal methodology as a form of nursing research. The four elements of the legal methodology are examined. The sources of legal authority are explained and the essential components of one case, Sermchief v Gonzales are presented in detail as an illustration of the legal methodology. In addition to the elements of the methodology, the methodological tools for the process are described. The computer and manual searching strategies are identified. Finally, the citation system which serves as an integral portion of the methodological process is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Randomized, double-blind, parallel groups, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety of Rynatan in the treatment of allergic rhinitis using an acute model.

We conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel groups, placebo-controlled acute study of Rynatan (8 mg chlorpheniramine tannate, 25 mg pyrilamine tannate, 25 mg phenylephrine tannate) in 104 volunteers with allergic rhinitis. Subjects reported to City Park on a Saturday morning during the height of the grass pollen season in late spring and remained in the park for eight hours that day and on the following day. Cards were completed hourly to evaluate symptoms of allergic rhinitis and adverse experiences caused by therapy. The first three cards completed on Saturday morning were used to demonstrate that each subject had had at least minimal symptoms of allergic rhinitis and to determine baseline symptoms. Rynatan or placebo was given at noon and 7:30 PM that day and at 8:30 AM the next day. Subjects completed symptom cards hourly until 4:30 PM on Saturday, three cards that evening, and eight cards hourly the next day until 4:30 PM. The group receiving Rynatan had significantly more allergic rhinitis symptom relief than the placebo group (P = .003). More subjects in the Rynatan group (34/52) reported global symptom improvement than did subjects in the placebo group (18/52, P = .002). There were no significant severe adverse experiences and no statistically significant differences between treatment groups in incidence or severity of drowsiness, dizziness, jitteriness, headache, or nausea. We conclude that Rynatan is safe and effective in treating acute symptoms of allergic rhinitis in otherwise healthy adult subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Financial abuse of the elderly. Recognizing and acting on it.

1. Within a trust situation, one party (the trustee) holds the title and control of property, but has a responsibility to use the property for the benefit of another (the beneficiary). 2. A durable power of attorney is a written document in which one person (the principal) has granted another person (the agent or attorney-in-fact) the authority to act for him and the delegation of authority continues even if the principal becomes incapacitated. 3. A representative payee is a person or organization who receives payment as a substitute for the beneficiary. 4. A joint tenancy is a form of co-ownership in which two or more persons hold a single interest in property and each co-owner has the right of survivorship.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Binding of technetium-99m to plasma proteins: influence on the distribution of Tc-99m phosphate agents.

Plasma protein binding of Tc-99m was assessed in man after injection of various Tc-99m-labeled bone imaging agents. Of the five methods in which plasma proteins were precipitated to determine protein binding no correlation between them could be established. The ammonium sulfate method seemed to correlate well with dialysis filtration. Plasma obtained from patients injected with Tc-99m phosphate compounds was reinjected to rats. The bone uptake in these animals correlated linearly with the unbound activity in the injected plasma. Provided that no protein binding would occur, the bone uptake as well as the urinary excretion proved to be identical for Tc-99m HEDP, MDP, and PPi. Electrophoresis of Tc-99m PPi indicated that the intact complex may be uncharged, whereas at low ligand concentrations uncharged as well as negatively charged Tc-99m species are formed. Better methods are needed, however, to establish the presence of various Tc-99m species and their relative role in the kinetics of these compounds, and plasma protein binding.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disability discrimination in nursing education: an evaluation of legislation and litigation.

The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 have created rights for students with disabilities who choose to pursue an education in the health care disciplines. These statutes have also created new concerns for nursing educators as they assess students' qualifications for admission, retention, or dismissal. This article explores legislation and the judicial interpretation of the laws that affect disabled students in health care professions. Specifically, the article reviews and analyzes the reported case law in which health care students have claimed discrimination against education programs because of their disabilities. The analysis considers the requirements of the institution to assess or recognize if the student has a disability; to determine if the student is otherwise qualified to perform the essential responsibilities of the student role; and to establish reasonable accommodations for the student's learning environment. Finally, current and future implications for nursing education programs are presented.

Architectural Accessibility↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Responsibilities of nursing education: the lessons of Russell v Salve Regina.

In August 1985 Sharon Russell was dismissed from Salve Regina College just before her senior year of nursing education. The reasons given for her dismissal focused on Russell's obesity and her inability to lose weight. The issues raised by this case pose important questions that nursing programs and nurse educators must address. This article explores the questions raised by Russell: (1) What constitutes substantial compliance with both academic and nonacademic performance criteria in a contract between a student and an educational institution? (2) What duties to preserve the privacy interests of students may be imposed on programs and educators? Ms Russell's case has been settled. She established that she had met the terms of the contract and substantially complied with the academic and nonacademic criteria of the nursing curriculum. She was awarded monetary damages for the college's breach of contract in nonperformance of an agreement to educate. She did not prevail in her claims of intentional infliction of emotional distress or invasion of privacy. She did, however, put nursing education programs on notice that colleges and universities are not immune from these contractual challenges and must demonstrate respect and consideration for student's personal concerns.

Contract Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aid-in-dying: issues and implications for nursing.

A debate format describes questions arising from the Model Aid-in-Dying Act, drafted at the University of Iowa's College of Law, and the implications for nurses. The Act allows patients or their named surrogates to demand or request active aid-in-dying. The Act requires nurses and other health care providers to comply with the qualified patient's demand unless the health care provider is a registered conscientious objector.

Ethics, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Iowa nurses' knowledge of living wills and perceptions of patient autonomy.

The principle of patient autonomy is well recognized in the nursing profession. This study extends the exploration of patient autonomy by examining nurses' knowledge about living wills. The questions addressed in this study included the following: (1) Were Iowa nurses aware of the living will statute? (2) What sources of information did nurses use to learn about this legislation? (3) What were nurses' perceptions of patients' rights? (4) What were nurses' perceptions of nurses' role involving living wills? (5) Were living wills followed? (6) If not followed, which factors contributed to the failure to honor a living will? and (7) Which communication mechanisms were used to alert nurses to a living will? A questionnaire was mailed to 10,000 actively licensed nurses in Iowa. Approximately 3,000 Iowa nurses responded to the questionnaire regarding Iowa living wills. Seventy per cent of the nurses knew that Iowa had living will legislation. No single educational source was a predominate choice for targeted information about the living will statute. Nurses were reluctant to suggest to patients that they should consider writing a living will. Nurses were also more willing to assume a passive role of suggesting that patients talk with relatives about the need for a living will but were less likely to be suggest that a patient write a living will for future health care treatment decisions. The majority of the nurses favored the patient having some control in health care treatment decisions. Three major factors were pertinent to the failure to follow a living will: family request, treating physician's refusal, and lack of information that the living will existed. The medical record was the primary means of communication regarding a living will. To enhance patient efforts at self-determination, nurses must recognize the advance directive legislation is available in their state and the potential impact that their nursing care may have on the implementation of the document.

Adult↗