Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Weiler

Publications and source records attributed to K Weiler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

A dose-ranging study of the efficacy and safety of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis with an acute model.

BACKGROUND: Oral azelastine, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory respiratory investigational drug has demonstrated activity in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma with a good safety profile. METHODS: Azelastine nasal spray was compared with sustained-release oral chlorpheniramine maleate and placebo for efficacy and safety in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in a double-dummy, two-center, 2-day, double-blind, randomized, dose-ranging, parallel-groups, onset and duration of action study. Two hundred sixty-four subjects reported to an outdoor park on Saturday morning during the height of the fall pollen season and remained there for 8 hours that day and the next to ensure maximal exposure to seasonal aeroallergens. Symptom diary cards were collected hourly Saturday from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM (baseline period). Subjects who had sufficient symptoms were randomized into five groups and received medication at 10:00 AM and 10:00 PM on Saturday and at 10:00 AM on Sunday: azelastine 0.1% (1 spray [0.12 mg] per nostril every 12 hours, 2 sprays per nostril every every 12 hours, or 2 sprays per nostril once daily), Chlor-Trimeton Repetabs (12 mg twice daily), or placebo (twice daily). Diary cards were completed hourly (11:00 AM to 4:00 PM) and at 6:00, 8:00, and 10:00 PM on Saturday and again hourly on Sunday (from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM) to evaluate rhinitis symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-nine subjects completed the study. The groups that received 2 sprays of azelastine per nostril once and twice daily and the chlorpheniramine group had statistically significantly more improvement in total rhinitis symptoms than the placebo group without serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports a once to twice daily dosing regimen for 2 sprays of 0.1% azelastine in the acute treatment of allergic rhinitis with onset of action within 2 to 3 hours.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1994

Pediatric cancer pain management: a survey of nurses' knowledge.

This study assesses the knowledge base of pediatric nurses in Iowa regarding cancer pain. The Iowa Cancer Pain Relief Initiative surveyed 10,000 nurses in the state of Iowa (representing approximately 25% of all actively licensed nurses in the state). A demographic question allowed pediatric nurses' responses to be separated and analyzed independently. One hundred six of the respondents indicated their primary area of practice to be pediatrics, and it is this group of respondents that was analyzed. Content analysis of questionnaires from pediatric respondents indicated that pediatric nurses cared for cancer patients regularly but had poor understanding of general principles of pain management for the cancer patient. Nurses had exaggerated concerns regarding the risk of addiction and respiratory depression associated with narcotic analgesics. They also had poor understanding of basic pharmacokinetic principles of common analgesic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Legal aspects of nursing documentation for the Alzheimer's patient.

1. Bergerson (1988) developed a set of charting rules called the FACT system (charting that is Factual, Accurate, Complete, and Timely). Nurses' notes are viewed as legal sources of documentation. 2. Nurse's notes made regarding the patient's cognitive status, ability to communicate and participate in treatment decisions, and safety needs may be carefully reviewed by the court system for a variety of reasons. 3. Nurses caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease must recognize that the primary function of any charting or documentation is optimal care for the individual patient. Nurses should not chart in anticipation of a legal review of the charting. However, nurses also must be aware that a legal challenge may prompt a review of the record and require the nurse to explain or clarify entries that have been made.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A comparative study: guardianship petitions for adults and elder adults.

1. The appointment of a guardian is the result of a court proceeding that transfers to another an individual's authority to make personal decisions. 2. Gerontological nurses may be asked to assist clients and families in the resolution of problems concerning personal and health care treatment decisions. 3. This study showed that adults younger than 65 years old needed a guardian due to mental retardation, mental illness, or accidental injury. Adults over 65 years old needed a guardian because they had mental retardation, alcoholism, dementia, or other physical disabilities. 4. Immediate family members were most often the individuals to serve as guardians.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The affective outcomes of course work on computer technology in nursing.

At the University of Iowa, nursing students are introduced to computer technology as one unit in a course designed to explore nursing as a profession. A single group, pretest/posttest design was used to evaluate changes in attitudes associated with the course work. Relationships of attitudes scores and eight background variables were studied. Posttest attitudes scores were significantly higher than pretest scores. The attitudes scores were positively related to skills scores at a statistically significant level of .05, with no significant relationship between attitudes scores and knowledge base scores. Four of the eight background factors were related to the attitudes scores at a statistically significant level of .05.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Abuse among rural mentally ill.

Each American adult has the right to make individual decisions. These decisions include preferences in lifestyle, occupation, diet, housing, health-care treatment, and allocations of financial resources. The right to autonomous decision making is not limited to young or middle-aged adults, nor is it limited to those occasions during which the individual has the capacity to personally participate in the decisions (US Congress, 1987). The right also applies to elderly, incapacitated, mentally ill, or dependent adults. Because of this autonomy, no individual must suffer physical, psychological, or financial coercion. Based on these rights, all 50 states have enacted statutes to protect dependent adults and to authorize government intervention in cases of suspected adult abuse (Hunzeker, 1990). Iowa is one of the states that has enacted dependent adult abuse legislation, and in 1988, health-care practitioners in Iowa became mandatory reporters of adult abuse (Iowa Code, 1992). As mandatory reporters, all nurses who treat, counsel, examine, or attend dependent adults must observe the physical status and interpersonal relationships of their clients and significant others to identify potential conflict or injury. Categories of abuse recognized by the Iowa law include physical, sexual, and financial abuse, neglect by self, and neglect by another (Figure).

Aged↗