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Biomedical subjects

K V Slavin

Publications and source records attributed to K V Slavin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Magnetic characteristics of Yaşargil aneurysm clips.

BACKGROUND: Metallic bioimplants are subject to great scrutiny in order to ensure that they are totally harmless to patients. Aneurysm clips are no exception to this rule. Considering the number of aneurysm clips used and their potential for injury, they should be evaluated very meticulously. Determining the magnetic characteristics of these clips is an important part of the evaluation process. In this study, a new method for evaluating magnetism is described and the importance of that information is briefly discussed. METHODS: Twenty Yaşargil aneurysm clips were analyzed using a vibrating sample magnetometer under 1.5 Tesla. This device is highly sensitive, and is capable of measuring the magnetism of small objects. RESULTS: Our measurements showed magnetism of the aneurysm clips ranged from 0.0334-0.1369 electromagnetic units (emu). CONCLUSIONS: Magnetometer measurements and real life tests under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown that these clips have a very low magnetism and are safe to use in 1.5 Tesla MRI scanners. This study also proves that the vibrating sample magnetometer is a useful device for analyzing the magnetism of aneurysm clips, and their emu values can be used as another industry standard in the production line to increase the safety of these clips.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1997

Computer forum.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Transcranial cerebral oximetry and carotid cavernous fistula occlusion. Technical note.

Different methods have been used in the evaluation and monitoring of the cerebral oxygen supply during neuro-interventional therapies. Attenuation of near-infrared light by the chromophores oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin have shown to be useful in the study of the cellular oxygen metabolism and oxygen delivery to the brain. Transcranial cerebral oximetry (TCCO) has the advantage of providing real-time information regarding regional brain oxygen saturation (rSO2) by using wavelengths in the near-infrared range. We present a patient with a carotid cavernous fistula who underwent balloon occlusion and concurrent continuous TCCO monitoring. TCCO was found to be a useful tool providing immediate rSO2 values during the angiographic and interventional procedures. Initial balloon occlusion of a carotid cavernous fistula resulted in partial occlusion of the internal carotid artery lumen causing an immediate decrease in rSO2 which correlated with angiographic findings. Subsequent reocclusion of the fistula produced a slower and smaller degree of decrease in rSO2 with clinical improvement in the patient. Changes in rSO2 were detected before any adverse clinical event was observed. TCCO was reliable, safe, sensitive, and provided a real-time assessment tool for the monitoring of brain oxygen supply in a patient undergoing a neuroendovascular procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Regional cerebral oxygen saturation during intra-arterial papaverine therapy for vasospasm: case report.

Cerebral arterial vasospasm continues to be a major secondary medical complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite hypervolemic hemodilution, arterial hypertension, and pharmacological therapy, morbidity and mortality due to vasospasm remain high. The authors discuss a patient with vasospasm who did not respond to traditional medical therapy and who underwent intra-arterial papaverine infusions while being monitored with transcranial cerebral oximetry. Oximetry during the procedure revealed significant improvements in brain regional saturation of oxygen, with the relief of vasospasm that correlated with clinical improvements in the patient's neurological status. Transcranial cerebral oximetry was used to monitor regional oxygen saturation throughout the angiographic and interventional procedures, providing continuous, real-time, clinically relevant information about the effects of vasospasm and its treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Microvascular anatomy of the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata and olive.

The arterial supply and the microanatomy of the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata and olive were studied in 11 cadaveric specimens, with investigation of the size, course, and length of the arteries. Two distinct anatomical entities divide the vascular supply in this region: 1) the pyramid, which is the anterior surface of the medulla; and 2) the olive, which is adjacent to the lateral aspect of the pyramid. Primary vascularization of the pyramid was via small branches of the anterior spinal artery, a branch of the vertebral artery. Minute perforators from the anterior spinal artery were found in all specimens. Arterial supply to the olive varied by location: its anterior aspect was primarily supplied by the anterior spinal artery; the upper portion of the posterior aspect of the olive was supplied by the vertebral artery, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and the basilar artery; and the middle and lower portions of the posterior aspect were fed by the vertebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery. These arteries supplied the medulla through the small branches directed toward the olive. The authors observed a wide anastomotic net connecting the small arteries in this area. These patterns of microvascular supply of the pyramid and olive may deepen the understanding of clinical and pathological conditions resulting from arterial occlusion. The existence of an anastomotic net may account for the rare incidence of medullary infarction in the olive region.

Basilar Artery↗
PubMed1995

Use of transcranial cerebral oximetry to monitor regional cerebral oxygen saturation during neuroendovascular procedures.

Using transcranial cerebral oximetry, we monitored 30 patients who underwent cerebral angiography by the femoral route. Transcranial cerebral oximetry is a noninvasive technique of regional cerebral oxygen saturation measurement that uses near-infrared spectroscopy to differentiate oxyhemoglobin from reduced hemoglobin. Needle puncture, catheterization, and contrast media injection produced no significant peak changes in saturation from baseline. Acute and persistent decreases in oxygen saturation were associated with vascular complications and were detected before development of clinical symptoms. Greater changes in saturation were observed during several neuroendovascular procedures, indicating the development of complications, signaling a need to stop further endovascular manipulation.

Brain↗
PubMed1994

Clinical experience with transcranial cerebral oximetry.

Transcranial cerebral oximetry based on the principle of near-infrared spectroscopy has been successfully used in a variety of neurosurgical conditions, primarily those associated with disturbed cerebral circulation. The non-invasive technique of cerebral oximetry provides valuable information about brain oxygenation in patients with cerebral ischemia (due to occlusion or stenosis of the internal carotid artery). It is also used in intraoperative monitoring of carotid endarterectomy and surgical procedures performed under deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest, during neuroendovascular procedures, and in critical care settings (in patients with arterial vasospasm and during the terminal period). This article describes our preliminary clinical experience with the use of this new technique and summarizes the current literature on clinical and experimental use of transcranial cerebral oximetry.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

Pineal region: rare location of a cavernous haemangioma.

Cavernous haemangiomas are commonly located within the central nervous system. There are only 11 cases of this malformation found in the pineal region reported in the literature, and only four of them have documenting photomicrographs. Very little has been written about diagnostic features of these tumours when they occur in this area. We describe our diagnosis of a cavernous haemangioma in the pineal region with special emphasis on its radiologic and histologic aspects.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Microsurgical anatomy of the intracranial part of the vertebral artery.

We studied the intracranial portion of the vertebral artery and its branches in 11 cadaveric specimens. We evaluated the course of vessels and their dimensions (external diameter and length), as well as relationships between each of them. The vertebral artery was larger on the left side in two cases, on the right in five cases, and equal on both sides in four cases. The right and left vertebral arteries joined each other forming the basilar artery at the level of the pontomedullary junction in four cases, 2 mm below it in one case, and 1 to 7 mm above it in six cases. We divided all branches of the intracranial vertebral artery into two groups: the medial branches and the lateral branches. Two major types of medial branches were observed: the anterior spinal artery and the branches of the foramen caecum. The origin of the anterior spinal artery was located 6.5 mm (5-11 mm) proximal to vertebrobasilar junction on the right and 8.5 mm (6-17 mm) on the left. The anterior spinal artery was absent on the right in two cases and on the left in one. Branches arising from the vertebral artery to the foramen caecum were found in four brains. Lateral branches originated from the posterolateral or lateral aspect of vertebral artery. The posterior inferior cerebellar artery, the largest branch of the vertebral artery, was included in this group. Other branches were mostly located between the origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and the vertebrobasilar junction. Forty-six lateral branches originating from the vertebral artery were found in 11 brains (26 on the right and 20 on the left). Lateral branches widely anastomosed with perforators from the basilar artery, posterior inferior cerebral artery, and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery.

Arteriovenous Anastomosis↗