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Biomedical subjects

K V Jones

Publications and source records attributed to K V Jones.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Constipation and reversible urinary tract abnormalities.

Urinary tract anomalies were prospectively investigated with ultrasound in 29 children with functional constipation. These children were compared before and after treatment with 451 age matched healthy controls without constipation. The bladder residue and upper renal tract dilatation after micturition were significantly increased in the group with constipation and improved after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Variable expression of P fimbriae in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.

Fresh urinary isolates were examined by immunofluorescence with polyclonal rabbit antibodies against type 1 and P fimbriae. This procedure showed P-fimbriate Escherichia coli in 22 of 24 samples from patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria, 24 of 26 samples from patients with cystitis, and 6 of 6 samples from patients with pyelonephritis. Type 1 fimbriae were expressed by less than 40% of isolates in all three groups. There was no relation between the presence of symptoms or the site of infection and fimbrial expression, of P or type 1, by bacteria adherent to freshly isolated uroepithelial cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Diffuse nephrocalcinosis and idiopathic renal hypercalciuria.

A 12 year old boy presented with primary nocturnal enuresis. Investigation showed extensive bilateral nephrocalcinosis of no obvious or recognised cause. Persistent severe renal hypercalciuria was confirmed by an intravenous calcium infusion. Idiopathic hypercalciuria is not a common cause of nephrocalcinosis and has not previously been described in a child.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

A 6-year follow-up of the type A behaviour pattern in medical students.

A sample of 104 medical students was tested for the Type A behaviour pattern, using the Jenkins Activity Survey (Form N fully weighted and Form C Glass Student scores) at four points over a 6-year period during the medical course. Fully weighted Type A scores showed a significant increase over the first 3 years of the course, followed by a drop--to approximately second-year levels--by the end of the 6-year period. A similar but non-significant pattern was observed for the Glass scores. It was suggested that the decrease in the scores was related to lesser usefulness of the Type A pattern during the clinical years of the medical course. A significant difference was found for the final written examination, with those who scored above the median on the Glass Student Type A scale doing better than low scorers. This result was not replicated for the fully weighted Type A scores. It may be that there is some specific usefulness of Type A responding for performance on written examinations, although no equivalent performance difference was found for the final clinical examination.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1986

Type A, test performance and salivary cortisol.

Forty first year medical students, previously screened for the presence or absence of the Type A behavior pattern, collected saliva samples for four days leading up to the first major examination of their medical school course. It was observed that the day of the examination produced substantially different patterns of salivary cortisol concentrations for Type A and non-A subjects, depending on their level of performance. The Type A subjects who scored above the median on the examination showed higher concentrations of salivary cortisol than Type A subjects who scored below the median. The reverse of this pattern was found for non-A subjects. Visual analog scale ratings of subjective stress showed no behavior pattern effects and a very low correlation with the salivary cortisol concentrations. The results support the view that the occurrence of physiological arousal associated with the Type A behaviour pattern is intermittent and dependent on situational factors such as expectation of success and actual success. This is consistent with conceptualizing the Type A pattern as a strategy for resource allocation which may be elective, rather then the behavioural manifestation of an automatic physical response to stress.

Achievement↗
PubMed1985

Languages spoken by medical students.

A self-reported survey of 878 medical students in Monash University (excluding students sponsored by overseas governments) showed that 21.4% had a fluent command of a language other than English, and 62.2% had a basic usable knowledge of another language. Only 28.5% of the students reported having neither a fluent nor a usable command of another language. These results suggest a rich resource of skills in community languages other than English among people who will be entering the medical workforce. Positive recommendations are made to develop and use this resource effectively.

Australia↗
PubMed1985

The thrill of victory: blood-pressure variability and the type A behavior pattern.

Winning and losing were predicted to be more significant in determining cardiovascular responses for Type A's than for Type B's. Twenty-four healthy, preclinical medical students (12 Type A and 12 Type B) were randomly assigned to be winners or losers at a competitive reaction-time task. Type A winners were different from all other subjects in maintaining initially high systolic blood-pressure levels. Rather than showing a pattern consistent with unusual stress, the Type A losers appeared to slow down in their reaction time and lose interest in the competition. It is suggested that the continued stimulation that Type A's get from successfully competing for rewards may be more important in cardiovascular terms than the stress of losing--at least for males. It is also suggested that activation of the Type A behavior pattern may be more elective than it is usually considered to be.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

Countries of origin and languages of Australian medical students.

Monash University medical students were surveyed to determine whether they represented the cultural diversity of their community. A total of 878 students completed self reports which showed they originated from forty countries and spoke forty-one languages. The medical school academic intake procedure had selected students from many ethnic groups reflecting the cultural diversity of the community. All had passed the Higher School Certificate English Examination or equivalent to enter the course. A total of 21% reported fluency in a language other than English, and 62% reported having a usable other language in which they were not fluent. The number of fluent languages spoken was constant over the medical course while the number of languages in which students were not fluent decreased significantly. Findings refuted the stereotype that Australian medical students were all monolingual Anglo-Saxons. Training in use of interpreters, and positive discrimination for medical school entry were considered.

Australia↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of teaching on interpersonal interactions.

In 1978, the second-year pre-clinical Behavioural Sciences course at Monash University Medical School was restructured to improve monitoring of, and feedback on, the development of interpersonal relationships between individual students and individual old age pensioners they were studying. Results indicate that integration of lecture, discussion, and practical experience with a carefully defined, multistage project appears to help students in learning about interpersonal relationships, and helps staff to evaluate both student performance and teaching.

Australia↗
PubMed1981

A four-year follow-up of schoolgirls with untreated covert bacteriuria: bacteriological aspects.

In 75 schoolgirls aged 5-11 with untreated covert coliform bacteriuria who were followed up to 4 years, infection cleared in 16 (21%), cleared and recurred in 37 (50%) and persisted in 22 (29%). Clearance of bacteriuria was significantly (P less than .05) more frequent in girls with normal radiological findings than in those with abnormal findings. In 31 (59%) of the 53 girls in whom bacteriuria cleared spontaneously, the urine became sterile within the first year after the discovery of the bacteriuria. Spontaneous clearance of bacteriuria was preceded by an increase of the sensitivity of the urinary pathogens to the cidal effect of human serum. Seven (10%) of the 75 untreated bacteriuric girls had shown progression of kidney damage (progression of scarring in 4 and failure of kidney growth in 3). In all of these 7 girls vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) was present and bacteriuria was persistent, but in 6 of them from one to three changes in the serotype of Esch. coli or bacterial species were noted during follow-up. These observations suggest that changes in bacterial flora may be a risk factor in the progression of kidney damage in girls with urinary tract infection and VUR.

Bacteriuria↗