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Biomedical subjects

K Uno

Publications and source records attributed to K Uno.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of pneumonitis due to Rikkunshi-to].

We report a case of pneumonitis due to Rikkunshi-to. A 79-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of interstitial pneumonia. She complained of dry cough and dyspnea on exertion. Fine crepitations were heard on physical examination. The chest X-ray film revealed diffuse reticulonodular shadows in both lung fields. Under the suspicion of drug-induced pneumonitis, all drugs were stopped and she was given prednisolone. Consequently her complaints, laboratory data and chest X-ray findings markedly improved. Microscopic examination of transbronchial lung biopsy specimens showed interstitial pneumonia. The results of lymphocyte stimulation test and lymphocyte migration inhibition test were positive for Rikkunshi-to. Based on these findings, we diagnosed this case as pneumonitis due to Rikkunshi-to. To our knowledge, there has been no previous case of pulmonary hypersensitivity due to Rikkunshi-to reported in the world.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical evaluation of myocardial perfusion imaging with 99mTc-tetrofosmin].

Myocardial perfusion imaging with Tc-99 m-1,2-bis (bis (2-ethoxyethyl) phosphino) ethane (Tc-99 m-tetrofosmin) was performed in 26 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) or suspected to have IHD. The agent was administered both at rest and at peak exercise. Exercise and rest studies were performed on the same day or on different days. The injected dose ranged from 296 MBq-740 MBq. Image quality was adequate for diagnosis, and was superior to that of T1-201 scintigraphy. Results from the tetrofosmin imaging corresponded well with findings of T1 scintigraphy, with a segmental concordance of 87%. Sensitivity and specificity were 70% and 93%, respectively. Our results suggested that tetrofosmin could be a promising Tc-99m labeling agent for the evaluation of myocardial perfusion.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1993

A new operational approach for the piriform sinus fistula.

It has been well documented that piriform sinus fistulae often cause suppurative thyroiditis; however, when a piriform sinus fistula does not present this symptom, making a correct diagnosis is very difficult. We have experienced 11 cases of a piriform sinus fistula. The conventional operational approach was performed in the initial eight patients, among which there were four recurrences in two patients. Therefore, a new operational approach was introduced for the three most recent cases and one recurrent case. First, the existence of the internal orifice of the fistula is confirmed with a laryngoscope, after which a transverse incision on the neck is made and the abscess dissected. The side wall of the piriform sinus is then opened with the help of a laryngoscope and the bottom part of the mucosa of the sinus transected with the internal orifice of the fistula, after which the fistula is removed en bloc with the bottom part of the sinus and abscess cavity. Using this operation, we experienced no complications and there has been no recurrence so far.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Optimization of Butterworth filter for brain SPECT imaging.

A method has been described to optimize the cutoff frequency of the Butterworth filter for brain SPECT imaging. Since a computer simulation study has demonstrated that separation between an object signal and the random noise in projection images in a spatial-frequency domain is influenced by the total number of counts, the cutoff frequency of the Butterworth filter should be optimized for individual subjects according to total counts in a study. To reveal the relationship between the optimal cutoff frequencies and total counts in brain SPECT study, we used a normal volunteer and 99mTc hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) to obtain projection sets with different total counts. High quality images were created from a projection set with an acquisition time of 300-seconds per projection. The filter was optimized by calculating mean square errors from high quality images visually inspecting filtered reconstructed images. Dependence between total counts and optimal cutoff frequencies was clearly demonstrated in a nonogram. Using this nomogram, the optimal cutoff frequency for each study can be estimated from total counts, maximizing visual image quality. The results suggest that the cutoff frequency of Butterworth filter should be determined by referring to total counts in each study.

Brain↗
PubMed1993

Ileocecal resection in neonates and infants: a follow-up study.

From 1977 to 1983 ileocecal resection was done in five neonates and three infants who were admitted to our pediatric surgical units. Their growth, hematology, and serum biochemistry were examined and compared with that of an ileal resection group without ileocecal resection. The body weight and height of all patients of the ileocecal resection group were within normal ranges. All patients undergoing ileocecal resection in neonates had moderate diarrhea but condition of fecal evacuation improved after age 6. None of the control ileal resection group had diarrhea since age 2. No significant differences were noted in hematology and serum biochemistry (protein metabolism, lipid metabolism, bile acid, and vitamin B12) data between the ileocecal resection groups and the control group. Our findings show that after ileocecal resection without extensive ileal resection in neonates and infants, adequate nutritional status can be maintained.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1993

Murine endothelial cell line cells, F-2: interaction with leukocytes and cytokines production.

Flowcytometry demonstrated that murine endothelial cell line F-2 expresses MHC class I antigen, FcR II, Mac-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), but not intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and class II antigen. However, co-culturing with TNF-alpha for 24 hr resulted in the increased expression of ICAM-1, and the decreased expression of VCAM-1. IL-1 alpha and IFN-gamma exerted this regulatory effect on VCAM-1 but not on ICAM-1. T (Con A blast) and B (LPS blast) cells adhered to F-2 cells at almost equal levels, and the adhesion was enhanced 20 to 50% when the cells were precultured with TNF-alpha for 24 hr. The inhibition assay using either (anti-ICAM-1 + anti-LFA-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) or (anti-VCAM-1 + anti-VLA-4, very late antigen-4) mAbs demonstrated that the ICAM-1 system was utilized more preferentially by T than B blasts when F-2 cells were stimulated with TNF-alpha, and the VCAM-1 system was vice versa under the unstimulated and stimulated conditions. Granulocytes also adhered to F-2 cells, but no mAbs could inhibit the adhesion. Although F-2 cells produced a considerable amount of IL-6, GM-CSF and neutrophil chemotactic activity, a 24 hr incubation with TNF-alpha resulted in an increase of 12 fold in IL-6 and 3 fold in neutrophil chemotactic activity production.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Potentiation of in vivo antitumor effects of recombinant interleukin-1 alpha by gelatin conjugation.

Chemical conjugation of a recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1) with gelatin was conducted using a water-soluble carbodiimide in an attempt to augment the indirect effect of IL-1 on in vivo tumor cell growth in mice. Chromatographic studies of the IL-1-gelatin conjugate demonstrated that the apparent molecular weight of IL-1 was increased by the gelatin conjugation and about 60% of IL-1 activity was retained in the prepared conjugate. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the conjugate significantly suppressed the intraperitoneal growth of a subline of Meth A fibrosarcoma cells (RR1 cells), compared with the effect of free IL-1 at the same dose, although the cells per se were resistant not only to free IL-1 but also to gelatin-conjugated IL-1. Simple mixing of gelatin with free IL-1 did not augment the in vivo antitumor effect as compared with that of free IL-1. Gelatin conjugation improved the in vivo stability of IL-1. Prolonged retention of IL-1 activity in the peritoneal cavity as well as the circulation of mice was observed after i.p. injection of the IL-1-gelatin conjugate in comparison with free IL-1 injection, irrespective of the presence of tumor cells. Gelatin conjugation was effective in augmenting the in vivo antitumor effects of IL-1 to activate host cells, e.g. macrophages (M phi). The i.p. injection of the conjugate enhanced M phi infiltration into the peritoneal cavity of tumor-bearing mice and peritoneal M phi were strongly activated to inhibit the in vitro growth of RR1 cells. Thus, gelatin conjugation was effective in augmenting the indirect effect of IL-1 via host cells, leading to a high suppressive effect on in vivo growth of tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Leukemic cell lysis by activated human macrophages: significance of membrane-associated tumor necrosis factor.

In this study, we analyzed the mechanism(s) of leukemic cell lysis by human macrophages. Peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages were activated with recombinant interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide and their lytic activity against two leukemic cell lines (K562 and HL-60 cells) was assessed by an 111In releasing assay. Activated macrophages lysed these leukemic cells, and the lytic activity against leukemic cells was almost completely inhibited by anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibody. The macrophage-lysate prepared from activated macrophages also exhibited significant lytic activity against leukemic cells; this lytic activity was inhibited by anti-TNF antibody. The leukemic cells that we used for the cytotoxicity assays were resistant to recombinant TNF. The culture supernatant of activated macrophages did not show any lytic activity. These findings suggest that cell-associated TNF plays a role in macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against leukemic cells.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1993

Suppressive effect of recombinant TNF-gelatin conjugate on murine tumour growth in-vivo.

A recombinant human tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) was conjugated to gelatin by means of carbodiimide to improve the in-vivo stability of TNF. About 55% of TNF activity was retained after gelatin conjugation as judged by the cytotoxicity assay using L-M cells in-vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of the TNF-gelatin conjugate significantly suppressed the in-vivo growth of murine Meth A fibrosarcoma cells (SS2 cells) in mouse peritoneum, in comparison with that of free TNF at the same dosage (P < 0.05). After intraperitoneal injection, TNF activity of the conjugate was detected in both the serum and the peritoneal cavity of mice for a longer period than was free TNF, irrespective of the presence of SS2 cells. Chromatographic studies of the conjugate demonstrated that the increase in the apparent molecular weight of TNF was consistent with gelatin conjugation. It is likely that this leads to a prolonged retention of TNF activity in-vivo. In addition, the TNF-gelatin conjugate suppressed the in-vitro growth of SS2 cells to the same extent as free TNF. Thus, it is possible that the longer retention period of the conjugate brought about an increase in the chance of contact between TNF and SS2 cells, resulting in the enhanced suppressive effect of TNF on in-vivo tumour cell growth. Gelatin conjugation is an effective method for increasing the in-vivo antitumour activity of TNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Neuro-otologic abnormalities in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1.

Auditory testing (pure tone audiometry, auditory brain stem response), and vestibular tests (eye tracking test, optokinetic pattern test, and caloric test) were performed to define neuro-otologic abnormalities in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Of the eight patients tested, seven showed sensorineural hearing loss and one showed mixed hearing loss on pure tone audiometry. The auditory brain stem responses of five patients showed increases of the I-III and I-V interpeak latencies. Two patients showed fast superimposed saccadic movements on the smooth pursuit test, and one other patient showed canal paresis on the caloric test. These findings suggest both the presence of neuro-otologic abnormality and involvement of the brain stem in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Audiological study in guinea pigs with type I allergy induced in the inner ear.

Time course studies of electrocochleography and the auditory brain stem response were performed in guinea pigs that were passively sensitized by sera containing antidinitrophenyl reaginic antibody and specifically challenged by dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin injected through the stylomastoid foramen. A negative summating potential on electrocochleography was observed from 12 to 48 hours, but not at 72 hours, after the specific challenge. A threshold increase on the auditory brain stem response was observed 15 minutes after the specific challenge; the threshold recovered to the prechallenge level within 7 days. Further, we used Tranilast, a blocking agent of chemical mediator release from mast cells, before the specific challenge. A negative summating potential and head deviation were not observed after the use of this agent. These results suggest that the auditory change provoked in the inner ear of the sensitized guinea pig may have been induced by type I allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of the viability of the canine cadaver lung for transplantation.

We evaluated the viability of the cadaver lung and the effect of lung inflation with 100% oxygen using a canine allotransplantation model. Donor animals were killed by potassium chloride (KCl) injection and were kept at room temperature until lung extraction. The animals were divided into the following 3 groups: group 1 (n = 6) in which the donor lungs were retrieved 2h after sacrifice, group 2 (n = 6) in which the donor lungs were retrieved 3h after sacrifice, and group 3 (n = 6) in which the donor lungs were retrieved 3h after sacrifice as in group 2 except that they were kept inflated for 3h with 100% oxygen using a double lumen endotracheal tube. Heparin was not given and lungs were not flushed with preservation solution. After left lung transplantation, the transplanted lung function including gas exchange and pulmonary hemodynamics was assessed for 6h by ligating the right pulmonary artery of the recipient animals. All 6 animals in groups 1 and 3 survived for 6 h with excellent lung function. Only 2 of 6 animals in group 2 survived for 6h with poor lung function. These results led us to conclude the following: a) the cadaver lung kept at room temperature for 2h might be available for lung transplantation, and b) when the cadaver lung is inflated with 100% oxygen, the length of safe ischemic time could be prolonged up to 3h.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management of a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome].

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a hereditary hemorrhagic disease characterized by prolonged bleeding time due to abnormal platelet aggregation and giant platelets. Transfusion of platelet-rich plasma is the only treatment available for the hemorrhagic episodes in patients with this disease. A 20-year-old female with BBS was scheduled for sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular rami under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl and diazepam, and was maintained with nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and 0.5% enflurane. No exacerbation of the bleeding tendency was observed during or after the surgery. We consider that the use of halothane should be avoided in patients with BBS because it may inhibit the aggregation of platelets and prolong the bleeding time.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Rest and stress myocardial perfusion imaging on the same day with two injections of 99mTc-tetrofosmin].

99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion imagings under different protocols were performed at rest and stress on the same day. In the stress/rest protocol, the exercise study was carried out first, and then the rest one followed. Eight patients were involved in the stress/rest protocol. Seven patients were examined in the reverse, rest/stress protocol. In any protocols, the injection interval was 3 hours, and injection doses in the first and second studies were 370 MBq and 740 MBq, respectively. Myocardial counts were obtained by placing region of interest over the myocardial walls in short axial SPECT images. Based on myocardial counts from the first injection and the wash-out rate of tetrofosmin, we calculated, at the second imaging, counts caused from the first injection. Approximately 20-25% of counts in the second study were found to be caused from the residual radiotracer. The residual radiotracers affected the interpretation of imagings of two patients we examined: one with marked reversible ischemia examined in the stress/rest protocol and the other with mild ischemic change examined in the rest/stress one. Our results suggested that some modifications of studies, such as the increase in the injection intervals or the reduce of the first-to-second dose ratio, might be necessary to conduct the same day protocols.

Exercise Test↗
PubMed1993

[Studies on the pathogenic mechanism of hypersensitivity to antibacterial agents--correlations of leucocyte migration activating factor and leucocyte migration inhibitory factor with interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma].

Analyses of leucocyte migration activating factor (LMAF) and leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF), and measurements of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) were performed after stimulation of suspected agents in 25 patients thought to be hypersensitive to antibacterial agents in order to clarify the pathogenic mechanism. The leucocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) was negative in 6 patients. LMAF was detected in 11 patients and LMIF in 8 patients. IL-2 values (M +/- SE) were 6.23 +/- 1.33 BRPM u/ml in the LMIT-negative group, 17.67 +/- 1.68 BRPM u/ml in the LMAF-positive group and 7.98 +/- 0.26 BRPM u/ml in the LMIF-positive group. The LMAF-positive group was found to have a significantly higher level of production of IL-2 (p < 0.005) than the other groups. Moreover, mathematical analysis revealed a positive correlation between the leucocyte migration indices and IL-2 in the LMAF-positive group (r = 0.75, p < 0.01). IFN gamma was detected in only 3 patients (16% of the LMIT-positive patients), i.e., in 2 patients in the LMAF-positive group and one patient in the LMIF-positive group. The patient in the LMIF-positive group was found to have lower IFN gamma values than the patients in the LMAF-positive group. Moreover, examination of the effects of IL-2 and IFN gamma on leucocyte migration revealed that IL-2 or IFN gamma and LMAF or LMIF were not exactly the same.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Correlation 111In-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy with clinical and laboratory findings].

This study was evaluated relationship 111In-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and clinical information and laboratory findings in twenty-four patients with bone infection and thirty-five patients with abdominal infection. Fifty-nine scintigrams were retrospectively reviewed and classified into positive or negative results. As the laboratory findings, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at sixty minutes, and peripheral blood leukocyte counts (WBCC) were evaluated. Clinical information such as presence of fever and administration of antibiotics was also compared. No significant relationship between the scintigraphic results and clinical as well as laboratory findings was observed in bone infection patients. CRP levels in positive scintigraphic patients were significantly higher than those in negative scintigraphic patients in the abdominal infection group, otherwise the other indices were not correlated with the scintigraphic results. A few patients with slightly increased CRP (mostly chronic cases) did not show positive scintigrams, suggesting an increased false negative rate of leukocyte scintigraphy in such circumstances. These results suggest that it is inappropriate to determine the application of leukocyte scintigraphy depending on clinical as well as laboratory findings, and leukocyte scintigraphy would yield additional information different from other indices when evaluating inflammatory foci.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Mechanisms of cartilage degradation in inflammatory arthritis: interaction between chondrocytes and immunoglobulin G.

A possible role for immune complexes in the degradation of cartilage (rheumatoid arthritis and antigen induced arthritis) has been modelled in vitro by studying interactions between cultured bovine chondrocytes and monomeric (M) or heat aggregated (HA) IgG. Concentrations of IgG used were within the range of values reported in the synovial fluids of rheumatoid joints. ELISA and rosetting assays revealed Fc receptor mediated binding of MIgG and HAIgG to chondrocytes that had been cultured, but not to freshly isolated cells. Both forms of IgG stimulated the production of metalloprotease, but only HAIgG boosted generation of superoxide anion and reduced proteoglycan synthesis. HAIgG also stimulated cells to produce immunoreactive interleukin 1 although no biological activity was apparent. It is concluded that the equivalent behavior of chondrocytes in vivo, triggered by immune complexes, could contribute or lead directly to matrix degradation.

Animals↗