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Biomedical subjects

K Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to K Ueda.

At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Experimental Pneumocystis carinii infection in nude rats.

The role of cell-mediated and humoral immunities to Pneumocystis carinii infection was studied on athymic nude rats and their heterozygous euthymic littermates inoculated intranasally with 10(6) cysts. Some of both groups were injected subcutaneously with cortisone (25 mg) twice a week. At 30 and 60 days postinoculation a large number of cysts were detected in the lung of cortisone treated euthymic rats as well as athymic rats with or without cortisone treatment. IgG antibody appeared in all groups of rats at 60 days post-inoculation while IgM antibody was not detectable. Delayed type footpad reaction to P. carinii antigen was recognized in euthymic rats without cortisone at 4 and 5 weeks postinfection but not in those rats with cortisone or without infection. These results suggest that cell-mediated immunity is important for protection of P. carinii infection in rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1982)].

Two hundred seventy-six bacterial strains were isolated as possible causative pathogens mainly from sputum in 248 patients with lower respiratory tract infections at 12 medical institutions in various parts of Japan during the period from September 1982 to March 1983. Of these, 272 isolates including 28 Staphylococcus aureus strains, 38 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 107 Haemophilus influenzae strains, 68 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 17 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 9 Escherichia coli strains and 5 strains of other species were tested in vitro for MICs of various antibiotics, and their drug sensitivity distributions determined. Data were also analyzed for distribution of cases by clinical entities, age and sex, interrelations between the types of infections and the species and frequency of isolation of organisms, and relations of the antimicrobial regimens at collection of clinical specimens to the species and frequency of isolation of the organisms. It engenders great interest that there was a significant increase in frequency of S. aureus isolation within 7 days after antibiotic therapy, compared to pretreatment isolation frequency, in the 1982 series. This seems to deserve further investigation in detail. The H. influenzae strains isolated with the highest frequency in 1981 and those in 1982 were examined as to susceptibility to several representative antibiotics, with interdrug comparisons: ABPC vs. SBPC, CTM vs. CMZ, and CMX vs. LMOX. The isolates demonstrated high degrees of susceptibility to these drugs and there was no conspicuous change in bacterial sensitivity to the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of LH-RH on LH release from the dispersed pituitary cells of pregnant rats.

In order to study the mechanism which induces a sudden drop in serum LH levels between day 11 and 13 of pregnancy in rats, LH responses of the pituitary to LH-RH were investigated using an in vitro incubation system of the dispersed pituitary cells. Dispersed pituitary cells, obtained on day 10 or 15 of pregnancy, were incubated for 3 hours with synthetic LH-RH. The addition of 5ng LH-RH significantly increased the release of LH from the pituitary cells both on days 10 and 15 of pregnancy. The response of LH to LH-RH was significantly greater on day 10 than 15. A combination treatment of estradiol and progesterone blocked the stimulatory effect of LH-RH on LH release on day 10 but not on day 15. These results indicated that LH responsiveness of the pituitary was decreased between day 10 and day 15 of pregnancy, and this would play an important role in the lowering of serum LH levels during mid-pregnancy in rats. A possible role of progesterone and estradiol in the regulation of the responsiveness of the pituitary to LH-RH was also suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The chemical mediation of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions. IV. Activation of chemotactic factor precursor by a trypsin-like protease in guinea pig plasma.

A single-chain precursor protein for macrophage chemotactic factor was previously reported (Ueda et al, Am J Pathol, 1982, 108:291-298). Apparent chemotactic activity was spontaneously generated in the precursor fraction during a long period of incubation, correlating with the cleavage of the precursor molecule into a two-chain protein. Generation and the limited proteolysis were both inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), a serine protease inhibitor, suggesting the presence and the role of a serine protease in the fraction. A serine protease was actually activated and separated from the precursor fraction with a benzamidine-conjugated cellulose affinity column. The protease was heat-labile, and the substantial molecular weight was 20,000 by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-75 column and 23,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It hydrolyzed [3H-acetyl casein and also fluorogenic synthetic substrates, butyloxycarbonylphenylalanylserylarginine methylcoumarylamide and butyloxycarbonylisoleucylglutamylglycylarginine methylcuomarylamide, and was inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate, PMSF, trasylol, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and tosyllysine chloromethylketone, but not by tosylphenylalanine chloromethylketone, chymostatin, p-chloromercuricbenzoate or ethylenediaminetetraacetate. By incubation of the precursor with the protease, rapid generation of chemotactic activity for macrophages was observed. The fact that the chemotactic factor newly generated in vitro was identical with a macrophage chemotactic factor previously separated from extract of delayed type hypersensitivity skin sites immunologically and physicochemically suggested an essential role of the protease in macrophage chemotactic factor generation in the delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in patients with urological disease: with special reference to hydronephrosis].

Activity of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) has been studied in patients with urological diseases. In most patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer and bladder cancer, activity of urinary NAG was elevated (92.9%), especially in cases of indwelling catheterization or poor visualization of IVU. Urinary NAGs were also elevated for all patients with renal stones, ureter stones, uretero-cutaneous stomy or a single kidney. In hydronephrosis or hydronephrosis with hydroureter patients, urinary NAG level was low pre-operatively, but increased post-operatively. Urinary beta 2-microglobulin (BMG) showed a similar tendency in patients with hydronephrosis or hydronephrosis with hydroureter. Electronmicroscopic observations of the kidney in such patients revealed many primary and secondary lysosomes.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1984

[Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis following rapid correction of hyponatremia--report of an autopsy case].

A case of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) following rapid correction of hyponatremia was reported and literatures were reviewed. The case was 61-year-old nonalcoholic female who had taken an operation of craniopharyngioma 23 years ago. Fifteen years later, she received re-operation for the recurrent tumor, followed by replacement therapy of corticosteroid and clofibrate. She was otherwise well until two weeks before entry, when she noticed abrupt onset of high grade fever, nausea, vomiting and general malaise. She was admitted to an emergency hospital because of weakness, disorientation and a slight impairment of consciousness, but she was able to speak and to take some food per os. Laboratory studies disclosed urinary tract infection and showed a serum sodium level of 117 mEq/l, potassium 2.9 mEq/l, a serum osmolarity 232 mO sm/l and urine osmolarity 141 mEq/l. She was diagnosed to have an exacerbation of adrenal insufficiency with hyponatremia and hypotonic dehydration triggered by urinary tract infection. Intravenous administration of vitamin B complex, electrolytes including KCL, 5% glucose solution and physiological saline with a large amount of corticosteroid was performed aggressively. Serum sodium concentration was raised to 161 mEq/l in two days, and the increased level had been maintained more than five days, resulting in coma and flaccid quadriplegia. During this period, there was no episode of hypotension, hypoglycemia, hypoxia nor hepatic failure which could have caused brain damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical profiles, pathologic spectrum and management of atrial septal defect in patients aged 50 or over: how should it be treated?].

Clinical and hemodynamic spectrum of secundum type atrial septal defect (ASD) in patients aged 50 or over was studied. Analysis of 20 elderly patients (mean age: 73.6 years) medically treated in Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital revealed that in the majority of patients symptoms were mild and shunt flow ratio was relatively small, accompanied by mildly elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. Autopsy studies in six patients suggested small ASD was compatible with normal life span. Analysis of 289 cases aged 50 or over, collected from 42 medical institutions, showed that 26.9% of them were asymptomatic (NYHA functional class I) and 31.3% of them had Qp/Qs ratio of less than 2.0, 20.2% of them had normal or nearly normal pulmonary arterial pressures. Only 16.6% of total cases had been treated surgically. Pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure inevitably limited the life span of patients with ASD, so it is clearly reasonable to close the defect before these complications develop. But in view of relatively large proportions of asymptomatic patients and/or patients with normal pulmonary arterial pressure suggestive of small ASD, conservative management may also be appropriate even in those patients aged 50 or over.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[A study on prolapse of the mitral valve in autopsy-proved papillary muscle dysfunction].

Echocardiographic studies have recently documented high incidence of mitral valve prolapse in cases with papillary muscle dysfunction (PMD). However, any pathologic evidence has not been yet described. To evaluate the incidence and the degree of morphologic prolapse of the mitral valve, we examined 76 cases of mitral regurgitation which were pathologically proved to have PMD among 3,000 consecutive autopsy cases over 60 years of age. The morphologic evidence of "mitral valve prolapse" was defined as overshooting of the mitral leaflet into the left atrium beyond the degree of normal hooding. Papillary muscle dysfunction was classified into three types; Type A due to old myocardial infarction, Type B due to acute myocardial infarction, and Type C induced by other factors such as cardiomyopathies. The following results were obtained: Morphologic "mitral valve prolapse" was found in 19 among the 76 cases (25%) of PMD, but marked "prolapse" was found in only one case. The incidence of morphologic "prolapse" did not show any difference among the types of PMD (cf. Fig. 1). The site of "prolapse" was mainly in the region of posteromedial commissure of the mitral valve. Echocardiographic study of 39 cases with PMD showed mitral valve prolapse in only two cases who belonged to the eight cases having morphologic "mitral valve prolapse". This study suggests that prolapse formation of the mitral valve secondary to PMD can be differentiated morphologically from those following primary myxomatous degeneration of the mitral leaflets as observed in cases with MVP.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A clinicopathologic study of valvular aortic stenosis in the aged].

To evaluate the usefulness of phonocardiography (PCG), carotid pulse recording (CAG) and echocardiography (UCG) used in diagnosing valvular aortic stenosis (AS) in the aged, we performed a clinicopathologic study of 23 autopsied patients with pathological evidence of aortic stenosis (AS). There were eight men and 15 women, whose ages averaged 82 years. PCG and CAG were available in 15 patients, and UCG was available in 13 patients. We classified the subjects into three groups; Group A with calcified AS, Group B with bicuspid AS and Group C with rheumatic AS. The following results were obtained. There were 12 patients in Group A, four in Group B and seven in Group C. Patients in Group A were older than those in Group B or C (A; 84-year-old, B; 80-year-old, C; 79-year-old on the average). The mean heart weight of Group A was less than that of Group B or C (A; 345 g, B; 453 g, C; 486 g). Congestive heart failure was more frequent in Groups B and C than in Group A. The fourth heart sound was recorded on the PCG in nine of 11 patients without atrial fibrillation, but there was no difference in incidence among the three groups. An ejection systolic murmur was recorded in all cases and a diastolic murmur of aortic regurgitation in 10. No patients had shudder formation on the CAG. The T-time tended to be prolonged in AS, especially in Groups B and C. The peak of the systolic murmur tended to be late in systole in Groups B and C. A1-peak/LVET was significantly increased in Groups B and C (A; 0.38, B; 0.51, C; 0.47). The decreased amplitude of aortic valvular opening (AVO) and the dense diastolic echo of the aortic valve were observed in all AS cases. The AVO of Group A was significantly less in amplitude than that of Group C (A; 3.6, C; 6.4). Thus, we could differentiate Group A from Groups B and C by various non-invasive techniques. These findings may be attributed to the different anatomic features of the aortic valves among these three groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The 1976-1977 rubella epidemic in Fukuoka city in southern Japan: epidemiology and incidences of complications among 80,000 persons who were school children at 28 primary schools and their family members.

From 1975 to 1977, a nationwide rubella epidemic occurred in Japan. This epidemic provided the last chance for the observation of natural rubella and its epidemiology without the influence of mass-vaccination for rubella and before changes in the epidemic pattern of rubella in the 1980's in Japan. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained by questionnaires on school children in 28 selected primary schools and their family members (a total of 80,221 persons) in Fukuoka in southern Japan during the 1976-1977 rubella epidemic. At the end of 1975 the rubella epidemic was mainly in the western part of Fukuoka city and then it spread to the eastern part. After a break during the summer of 1976, the epidemic restarted in 1977 mainly in the eastern part with few cases in the western part. Rubella was identified clinically in 14,322 cases (18%) during the 1976 epidemic, the incidences in various age groups being as follows: children of below 6 years of age, 28%; primary school children, 37%; junior and senior high school students, 30%; adults of 18 to 30 years of age, 8%; adults of over 30 years of age, 1%. The incidence in primary school children in 1977 was 18%. Of the 14,322 cases of clinical rubella in 1976, 3 with encephalitis, 9 with purpura and 1,843 with joint complaints (pain and/or swelling of joints) were recorded. Rubella encephalitis was estimated to have occurred in 1 in 4,700 cases with clinical rubella, and purpura in 1 in 1,500 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Real-time two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography in congenital heart disease: its clinical significance].

This study demonstrated the diagnostic usefulness of the newly-developed real-time two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography (2-D Doppler) in congenital heart disease. Among fifty-four patients with congenital heart disease, 18 had ASD; 16, VSD; 6, T/F; 3, PDA; 3, d-TGA; 3, ECD; and 1 each, DORV, PA, PS, Ebstein's anomaly, and ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva. Each diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac catheterization and/or surgery. Forty normal cases were subjected as the control. The study cases included 26 adults and 28 children under 15 years old, 13 infants and seven newborns. In 52 cases (96.3%) 2-D Doppler provided diagnostic abnormal intracardiac blood flow images which were compatible with the data of cardiac catheterization and cardiac angiography and/or patients' cardiac anatomy observed during surgery. The blood flow data obtained by 2-D Doppler facilitated determining the appropriate timing of palliative surgery such as the Blalock-Taussig shunt procedure. 2-D Doppler was effective in evaluating medical (pharmaco-echocardiography) and surgical therapy including radical and palliative procedures for congenital heart disease. Thus, 2-D Doppler proved a non-invasive and useful diagnostic method for congenital heart heart disease. Our data suggest that with this technique cardiac surgery can be performed without cardiac catheterization or cardiac angiography in some cases of congenital heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in ovarian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in pregnant rats].

Changes in ovarian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) and 20 alpha-HSD activities were studied in pregnant rats. The activity of 3 beta-HSD was determined by measuring the rate of conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. The activity of 20 alpha-HSD was determined by measuring the rate of conversion of 20 alpha-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one to progesterone. 3 beta-HSD activity in corpora lutea (CL) was low between days 8 and 12, increased rapidly on day 15, and then gradually decreased until day 23. 20 alpha-HSD activity in CL markedly decreased from days 8 to 18, and then increased until day 23. The activities of 3 beta-HSD and 20 alpha-HSD in non-luteal ovarian compartment (NLO) showed no significant changes between days 8 and 23. These results indicated the important role of these enzymes in the secretion of progesterone from CL. It was also suggested that these enzyme activities in NLO might be controlled by a different mechanism.

20-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗