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Biomedical subjects

K Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to K Ueda.

At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in lymphocytes of patients with cancer of the cervix uteri].

The frequency of spontaneous and Mitomycin C (MMC)-induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was investigated in peripheral lymphocytes of 31 untreated patients with cervical cancer (stage 0:7 cases, stage I:9 cases, stage II:6 cases and stage III:9 cases), as well as of 7 untreated patients with myoma uteri and 16 healthy women. Factors affecting SCE frequency were also investigated. Age, smoking and atomic bomb exposure did not influence SCE frequency. However, a family history of cancer significantly increased MMC-induced SCE frequency in the cancer group. The mean spontaneous SCE frequency in the cancer group (9.83 +/- 1.74) was significantly higher than that in the myoma group (8.13 +/- 0.81) and healthy women (7.59 +/- 0.85). The mitomycin C-induced SCE frequency was also higher in the cancer group. Spontaneous and MMC-induced SCE frequency gradually increased with the progression of cervical cancer. All chromosome groups equally contributed to the increased SCE frequency in the cancer group. These results suggest that deoxyribonucleic acid of all chromosomes is damaged in patients with cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1985)].

It has been more than 4 years since third-generation cephems were introduced into clinical practice. The range of our drug selection definitely tends to increase, because we today have more antibiotics with wider spectrum, antibiotics with strong activities only against Gram-negative strains, such as monobactams, and those with tremendously high activities such as quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives, in comparison to those we had in the past. Among isolates obtained mainly from sputa of 567 patients with lower respiratory tract infections at 16 institutions throughout Japan between September of 1985 and March of 1986, 741 strains were determined to be causative organisms. MIC's of various antimicrobial agents were determined against 67 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 100 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 199 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 92 strains of non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 40 strains of mucoid P. aeruginosa, 29 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10 strains of Escherichia coli and for 42 strains of Branhamella catarrhalis out of the above 741 strains to determine their drug sensitivities. As for types of lower respiratory tract infections found in 1981--1983, 57.9--64.5% of the infections were chronic respiratory infections; i.e., chronic bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis. These chronic infections, including diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), were found in 63.1% of lower respiratory tract infections in 1984. Their incidence dropped to 54.0% in 1985, even though DPB was included; i.e., the incidence of chronic bronchiolitis was 5.5%, that of DPB was 7.1%, and that of bronchial asthma associated with lower respiratory tract infections in 1985 was 8.8% which was twice as much as that found in 1981--1984. Although bacterial pneumonia was found in 24.8% of all the cases in 1981, its incidence was reduced to 11.0% in 1983, 15.1% in 1984, and 17.6% in 1985. This reduction seemed to have resulted from gradual decreases in the occurrence of bacterial pneumonia among the young population. As with usual years, a high incidence rate in a total lower respiratory tract infections in 1985 was found among older patients; namely, 73.5% was at the age of 50 or over (417/567). Next, we determined relationships between clinical isolates and isolates from respiratory infections, including chronic bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis and DPB. H. influenzae was isolated from 50.5% of patients with these infections in 1981; however, the detection rate decreased by about 20% to 29.7% in 1985. P. aeruginosa was consistently isolated, between 24.1% and 30.4% every year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The economical impact of medical expenses on the family of urological patients].

We handed out questionnaires to determine the impact of medical expense on the household economy at our university hospital in July, 1986. The urology department had more many male and aged patients than the other departments. The monthly medical expense average for outpatients of urology and other departments was 29,705 yen, 20,298 yen and for inpatients 32,632, and 59,591 yen, respectively. Of the urological patients, 64.1% were concerned about great influence of medical expense on the household economy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Intra- and inter-species transmission and antigenic difference of Pneumocystis carinii derived from rat and mouse.

Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) derived from nude mice (MPc) and hypercorticonized rats (RPc) was subjected to transmission experiments via intranasal (i.n.) route into athymic nu/nu mice (BALB/c background) and run/rnu rats (Rowett hooded strain) and their euthymic heterozygotes rnu/+ rats. Although all these recipient animals received intensive cortisone treatment, MPc propagated only in nu/nu mice. In contrast, RPc strains from three different sources were transmitted successfully to both rats and mice irrespective of their athymicity. The MPc strain could not be transmitted to the other three rat strains used. When RPc organisms were successively propagated in nu/nu mice they lost their pathogenicity to rats after five passages. An antigenic difference between MPc and RPc was suggested by cross reaction of rabbit-raised antiMPc and antiRPc sera against MPc and RPc organisms. An absorption experiment of the sera with both MPc and RPc revealed cross reactivity as well as specific reactivity. The mouse passaged RPc seemed to change the antigenic characteristic to that of MPc.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Quantitative evaluation of complete endocardial cushion defect using two-dimensional echocardiography].

To avoid postoperative mitral valve dysfunction, the common atrioventricular valves of 21 preoperative patients with complete common atrioventricular canal were quantitatively evaluated using two-dimensional echocardiography. The criteria for diagnosing hypoplasia of the left lateral leaflet, which often made complete repair difficult, were also investigated. The patients were 10 boys and 11 girls, who ranged in age from one month to three years and three months. The subcostal short-axis view was used to evaluate the common atrioventricular valves. The sizes of the leaflets and diameters of the ventricles were measured by two-dimensional echocardiography and at surgery. The measurements by both methods were nearly identical, and the correlation coefficient was 0.95. Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography correctly evaluated common atrioventricular valve size. The length of the left lateral leaflet varied from 5 mm to 22 mm. In four patients, it was less than 10 mm, and was under the 99% confidence limit. In all four patients, two papillary muscles were noted in the left ventricle. Two of these patients underwent corrective surgery and died of postoperative mitral valve stenosis. This new technique can prevent postoperative mitral valve dysfunction by estimating preoperatively the appropriate suturing length of the anterior and posterior components of the anterior mitral valve. It is concluded that two-dimensional echocardiography can correctly evaluate the size of common atrioventricular valves, which is often difficult by angiocardiography. Hypoplasia of the left lateral leaflet could be diagnosed when its length was less than 10 mm measured by two-dimensional echocardiography. This technique is more accurate compared to the method which demonstrates the presence of a single papillary muscle in the left ventricle. Corrective surgery for the patients with a hypoplastic left lateral leaflet involves great risks, resulting in postoperative mitral valve stenosis. Preoperative evaluation of a common atrioventricular valve is useful to avoid postoperative mitral valve dysfunction.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Eosinophilia in children. Cytochemical and immunological analysis of increased eosinophils.

Cytochemical and immunological studies of increased eosinophils were performed in three children with marked eosinophilia. These children were diagnosed as having non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, transient eosinophilia, and hyper-eosinophilic syndrome. All showed marked eosinophilia, with eosinophil counts of more than 5,000/mm3 in the peripheral blood and with eosinophils in all maturational stages in the bone marrow. In contrast to normal eosinophils, the increased eosinophils in three patients on cytochemical analysis showed moderately to strongly positive reactions for staining with alpha-naphthyl-butyrate esterase. Also, the mature eosinophils in the patient with lymphoma showed a strongly positive reaction for periodic acid-Schiff staining. The positive reaction for alpha-naphthyl-butyrate esterase and periodic acid-Schiff stain indicates the presence of eosinophilic proliferative disorders in these cases. Surface marker analysis of peripheral eosinophils demonstrated that an increased proportion of eosinophils expressed My7, a marker of granulocytes, in two patients with transient eosinophilia or hyper-eosinophilic syndrome, but not in a patient with lymphoma. In addition, 30-40% of eosinophils expressed Ia antigen, a differentiation marker of eosinophils, in two patients with lymphoma or hypereosinophilic syndrome. Thus, eosinophils in transient eosinophilia showed mature features, and those in hypereosinophilic syndrome showed immature features immunologically. Whereas, eosinophils in lymphoma may have a dysmaturity on the expression of Ia and My7. Cytochemical and immunological analyses of increased eosinophils may play an important role in clarifying the etiology of eosinophilia, especially its association with malignancy or other proliferative disorders.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1987

[Tricuspid regurgitation induced by transvenous right ventricular pacing: echocardiographic and pathological observations].

To assess tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with permanent transvenous right ventricular (RV) pacing, we performed phonocardiographic, contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic studies in 18 patients with transvenous leads for RV pacing. In addition, a pathological study was performed on 26 autopsy cases with transvenous leads for RV pacing. None of the patients had right-sided heart failure. The previous phonocardiograms revealed regurgitant murmurs of TR in one clinical case and five autopsy cases. In the clinical study, definite TR was diagnosed both by contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in five cases (28%). Probable TR was diagnosed only by one technique in three cases (17%), and the absence of TR was confirmed by both techniques in 10 cases (55%) (non-TR group). The average right atrial dimension was 59 +/- 5.3 mm in the definite TR group and 39 +/- 2.4 mm in the non-TR group (p less than 0.01). The average inferior vena cava dimension was 19 +/- 1.7 mm in the definite TR group and 15 +/- 0.8 mm in the non-TR group (p less than 0.05). Right atrial and inferior vena cava dimensions showed a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.58, p less than 0.05). In the pathological study, the presence of TR, which was explained by the position of the pacemaker lead in relation to the valve structure, was confirmed in 11 cases (42%). Valve motion interference was classified as type I (two cases), in which the lead was suppressed and the leaflet immobilized, type II (4 cases), in which chordae tendineae were involved by a pacemaker lead, and type III (five cases), in which both mechanisms contributed to valvular regurgitation. In conclusion, TR may follow transvenous RV pacing in approximately half of the cases with RV pacing. Contrast and pulsed Doppler echocardiography are sensitive noninvasive techniques for detecting this valvular abnormality and they should be used in the follow-up of such pacemaker recipients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Hemodynamic evaluation before and after balloon atrial septostomy in patients with transposition of the great arteries using pulsed Doppler echocardiography].

In nine patients with transposition of the great arteries, hemodynamic changes after the initial balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) were investigated using pulsed Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Patients consisted of five males and four females, who ranged in age from zero to 82 days (median, one day). All but one who had ventricular septal defect had no associated cardiac anomalies other than patent ductus arteriosus. Prostaglandin E1 was administered before and after BAS to four patients who had hypoxemia. At cardiac catheterization, right and left atrial pressures and arterial oxygen partial pressure were measured. Using pulsed Doppler echocardiography, the time-velocity curve was recorded at the tricuspid and mitral valves, pulmonary artery, ascending aorta and interatrial septum. The maximum diastolic velocity was measured from the tricuspid and mitral valve time-velocity curves. The product of the time-velocity integral and heart rate was measured from the time-velocity recordings at the pulmonary artery and ascending aorta. The duration of the left-to-right shunt at the foramen ovale was measured and was normalized by corresponding R-R intervals on the electrocardiogram. After BAS, left atrial pressures and pressure gradients between both atria decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). Arterial oxygen partial pressure increased from 24.4 +/- 7.2 to 40.4 +/- 6.0 mmHg (p less than 0.01). The maximum flow velocity at the tricuspid valve increased significantly (p less than 0.01), but that at the mitral valve showed no significant change after BAS. The velocity time integral of the aorta increased significantly (p less than 0.01), but that of the pulmonary artery did not.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1987

[Mitral regurgitation due to ruptured chordae tendineae in the aged: a clinicopathologic study].

We observed 13 cases of mitral regurgitation (MR) due to ruptured chordae tendineae (RCT) among 4,000 consecutive autopsies of patients over 60 years of age (0.33%). There were four men and nine women whose average age was 79.8 yrs. Five cases had a single RCT (Group I) and eight had multiple RCT (from two to eight chordae) (Group II). The sites of RCT were in the posterior mitral leaflet (PML) in nine, the anterior leaflet in one, and both in three. All in Group I showed RCT in the PML; the posterior scallop in two and the middle scallop in three. The average heart weight was 340 g in Group I and 431 g in Group II. Sclerosis of the coronary arteries, the circumference of the mitral valve ring, and thickness of the leaflets did not differ significantly. Estimated volume of the left atrium was significantly greater in Group II than in Group I (185 ml vs 57 ml, p less than 0.05). Jet lesions were observed in 10 of the 13 cases. The etiologies of RCT were previous endocarditis in two, mitral valve prolapse in three, and spontaneous rupture in eight. Congestive heart failure was observed in three (60%) in Group I and eight (100%) in Group II (p less than 0.01). Cardiothoracic ratio more than 60% was observed in three (60%) of Group I and six (75%) of Group II. Atrial fibrillation was demonstrated in one in Group I (20%) and six (75%) in Group II (p less than 0.05), and cardiac death in one (20%) in Group I and six (75%) in Group II (p less than 0.05). Phonocardiograms showed pansystolic murmur in all cases, third heart sound in nine (69%), and fourth heart sound in four (57%). Echocardiographically, RCT was diagnosed in six of nine cases (67%). In conclusion, patients with RCT involving more than two chordae tendineae can show more severe clinical course than cases with a single RCT.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of the common pulmonary venous chamber in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection].

Morphology of the common pulmonary venous chamber and its spatial relationship to the left atrium were investigated in 19 patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection using two-dimensional echocardiography. The subjects were 12 males and seven females, ranging in age from newborn to 11 months with a median age of 34 days. Nine of the 19 patients were less than one month; 15 of 19 were less than two months. Ten patients had the supracardiac type (type I); three, the cardiac type (type II); and six, the infracardiac type (type III). To image the common pulmonary venous chamber the suprasternal short-axis coronal plane was used. The chamber was recorded simultaneously with the right pulmonary artery. A more anterior angulation for this view facilitated imaging the left atrium. The outlines of both the chamber and left atrium were traced. We calculated (1) the ratio of the width to the height of the chamber (W/H), (2) the angle made by the direction of the long-axis of the chamber and a horizontal line (Axis), (3) the quotient of the distance from the center of chamber to the bottom of the left atrium divided by the longitudinal dimension of the left atrium (B/A) and (4) the product of the width and height of the chamber (W x H). The W/H was 1.94 +/- 0.29 (type I); 1.21 +/- 0.27 (type II); and 0.63 +/- 0.15 (type III). There were statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01) among all types. The width was greater than the height in types I and II, but the height was greater than the width in type III. Axes were -19.0 +/- 5.7 degrees (type I); -5.1 +/- 5.0 (type II); and 91.7 +/- 9.3 (type III). There were statistically significant differences between all of the types (p less than 0.01). The long-axis was horizontal in types I and II, and vertical in type III. The B/A was 0.74 +/- 0.13 (type I); 0.57 +/- 0.10 (type II); and -0.04 +/- 0.30 (type III). There was a significant difference between type III and all other types (p less than 0.01). The common pulmonary venous chamber was located slightly superiorly to the left atrium in types I and II, but it was located inferiorly to the left atrium. In the six patients with type III, both lower pulmonary veins were located more inferiorly than the lower border of the left atrium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1987

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1984)].

Bacterial isolates from patients with pulmonary infections have been collected over the last 4 years in collaboration with investigators at 14 hospitals in various parts of Japan to study isolation frequency of pathogens from patients and drug susceptibilities of these isolates. Possible causative pathogens mainly isolated from sputum of patients with lower respiratory tract infections were collected during a period from September 1984 to March 1985. We first determined types of respiratory diseases and found that, between 1981 and 1983, 57.9 approximately 64.5% of the examined diseases were chronic respiratory infections such as chronic bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis, and that these infections including diffuse panbronchiolitis accounted for 63.1% in 1984. Bacterial pneumonia was found to be 24.8% in 1981, but it was 11.0% in 1983 and 15.1% in 1984. These results seemed to reflect decreases in the occurrence of bacterial pneumonia in young population. We then investigated the correlations between these infections and isolates and found that distributions of causative organisms of chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis during the 4 years were similar while the detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus from bacterial pneumonia increased in 1982 and 1983, and that of Gram-positive organisms such as Enterococcus faecalis rose in 1984. Branhamella catarrhalis was considered to be a non-pathogenic organism normally harbored in the upper respiratory tract. Recently, however, respiratory infections caused by this organism have been reported by some investigators. In our research also, this Gram-negative diplococcus was isolated as a causative organism of respiratory infections as 6 strains were found in 1983 and 29 strains in 1984, hence an increase was observed.

Adult↗