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Biomedical subjects

K Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to K Ueda.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of antibodies against the polymerase gene product in hepatitis B virus infection.

We have studied antibodies (anti-pol antibody) against the polymerase gene product of hepatitis B virus by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using synthetic peptides coded for by this gene. Sera from six patients with acute hepatitis B, 112 chronic hepatitis B virus carriers and six healthy individuals with naturally acquired immunity to hepatitis B virus were tested for anti-pol antibody. In acute hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody was detected in three of six patients. In chronic hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody was detected in 17 of 29 (59%), in 23 of 33 (70%) of cirrhotic patients and in 18 of 24 (75%) patients with cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma, compared with 4 of 19 (21%) asymptomatic carriers and 2 of 7 (29%) patients with chronic persistent hepatitis. Titers of anti-pol antibody were higher in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma than in patients with chronic active hepatitis. The presence of anti-pol antibody, however, had no relationship with hepatitis B virus-associated DNA polymerase activities and other viral replicative markers. As for sera from six healthy individuals with naturally acquired immunity to hepatitis B virus, two (33%) were positive for anti-pol antibody. These results indicate that the immune response toward the polymerase gene product is induced during acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In chronic hepatitis B virus infection, anti-pol antibody may serve as a new marker indicative of a long period of hepatitis B virus-induced hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in an infant with obstructive jaundice.

We describe a female infant with obstructive jaundice due to inflammatory stenosis of the choledochus. It was surrounded and narrowed by a xanthogranulomatous lesion, extending from xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). The obstructive jaundice was released by a cholecystectomy, resection of the choledochus, and hepaticojejunostomy. This is the first reported case of infantile XGC associated with obstructive jaundice.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of cyclosporin A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

In an 11-year-old girl with severe dyspnoea and cyanosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was diagnosed. The PaO2 of blood could be maintained between 50 mm Hg and 70 mm Hg with a high dose pulse corticosteroid therapy, although this dose could not be reduced. Azathioprine in addition to prednisolone provoked deterioration. Twelve weeks after admission, cyclosporin A (Cs A), a known immunosuppressant, was started together with prednisolone. The PaO2 reverted to normal within 1 month and prednisolone could be tapered off within 6 months. Two years after admission, the patient is free of symptoms on continuous Cs A therapy. This case seems to be the first case successfully treated with Cs A.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Critical determinants of endurance performance in middle-aged and elderly endurance runners with heterogeneous training habits.

The current investigation was designed to determine which factor or what combination of factors would best account for distance running performance in middle-aged and elderly runners (mean age 57.5 years SD +/- 9.7) with heterogeneous training habits. Among 35 independent variables which were arbitrarily selected as possible prerequisites in the distance running performance of these runners, oxygen uptake (VO2) at lactate threshold (LT) (r = 0.781-0.889), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) (r = 0.751 approximately 0.886), and chronological age (r = -0.736-(-)0.886) were found to be the 3 predictor variables showing the highest correlations with the mean running velocity at 5 km (V5km), 10 km (V10km), and marathon (VM). When all independent variables were used in a multiple regression analysis, any 3 or 4 variables selected from among VO2 at LT, chronological age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), atherogenic index (AI), and Katsura index (KI) were found to give the best explanation of V5km, V10km, or VM in a combined linear model. Linear multiple regression equations constructed for predicting the running performances were: V5km = 0.046X1-0.026X2-0.0056X3+5.17, V10km = 0.028X1-0.028X2-0.190X4-1.34X5+6.45, and VM = -0.0400X2-0.324X4-1.16X5+7.36, where X1 = VO2 at LT (ml.min-1.kg-1), X2 = chronological age, X3 = SBP, X4 = AI, and X5 = KI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Three-dimensional analysis of facial morphology before and after orthognathic surgery.

A method for three-dimensional analysis of the facial hard- and soft-tissue morphologies is described. The soft-tissue analysis consisted of calculating three-dimensional values of reference points on the face by perspective transformation of their values in two pairs of photographs, taken simultaneously, from the right and left sides of the face. The shape of the mandible was analyzed three-dimensionally by the simultaneously taken frontal and lateral cephalograms. The hard- and soft-tissue changes were analyzed with the method in 28 patients in whom mandibular prognathism had been corrected by orthognathic surgery. The magnitude of the surgically-produced soft tissue volumetric changes in the anterior mandibular region was proportional to the posterior movement of the mandible. Asymmetry of the face also improved in response to correction of lateral deviation of the mandible and a close correlation between the directional indices of asymmetry of the hard and soft tissues was observed. Thus, the method was found to be quite useful for the analysis of facial morphology in jaw deformity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Various urinary properties in bladder tumor patients.

Urinary electrolytes, pH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid and osmolarity were measured in patients with bladder tumors and compared with those of a control group. There were 41 bladder tumor patients ranging in age from 29 to 87 (average 64) years with a male:female ratio of 32:9. According to histopathological classification of the bladder tumors, there were 34 transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) (21 G1, 10 G2, 3 G3), four squamous cell carcinomas, two adenocarcinomas and one inverted papilloma. The control group comprised 29 patients ranging in age from 35 to 80 (average 63) years with a male:female ratio of 26:3. Four urine samples were collected from each patient: early morning on the day of admission, just after admission, early morning on the day of return to hospital after temporary discharge, immediately after return to hospital after temporary discharge. The results indicated that the urinary Ca2+ and uric acid values were significantly lower in the bladder tumor group than in the control group. The urinary pH tended to be somewhat higher than in the control group, and the pH values tended to be especially high in the TCC G3 patients. There were differences in the various urinary properties between the TCC G1 and G2 and the TCC G3 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In situ localization of the human multidrug-resistance gene mRNA using thymine-thymine dimerized single-stranded cDNA.

In order to detect the mRNA transcribed from the multidrug-resistance gene (MDR1), thymine-thymine (T-T) dimerized single-stranded DNA probes have been utilized for hybridization with mRNA either on nitrocellulose filters or in cells and tissues. S1 nuclease digestion rather than sonication was used to obtain short T-T dimerized single-stranded DNA (300-400 bases) so that they could penetrate well into the cytoplasm. The hybridized T-T DNA was detected immunohistochemically using rabbit anti-T-T DNA antibody (Ab) and peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG Ab. Employing this system, MDR1 mRNA could be localized clearly in the human multidrug-resistant cell lines K562/ADM, CEM/VLB, 2780AD, and KBC4 cells as well as in human fetal kidney and gastric carcinoma. Furthermore, our system successfully detected the expression of MDR1 mRNA in cell lines of increasing resistance. These results paralleled results obtained at the protein level by immunohistochemistry. The analysis of MDR1 RNA expression by this in situ hybridization technique should be useful in the study of normal human tissues and tumor samples expressing the MDR1 gene.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Development of serum Dermatophagoides farinae-, ovalbumin- and lactalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG4, IgA and IgM in children with bronchial asthma/allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis.

Dermatophagoides farinae-, ovalbumin- and lactalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG4, IgA and IgM were evaluated in 161 healthy children [Group 1], 84 children with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis but without atopic dermatitis [Group 2], and 54 children with atopic dermatitis but without bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis [Group 3]. We also studied D. farinae-, egg-white-, and milk-specific IgE of children with allergic diseases. D. farinae-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG4 and IgA in Groups 2 and 3 increased until 5 years of age and thereafter they remained constant. After 2 years of age, D. farinae-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG4 and IgA in Group 2 were higher than those in Groups 1 and 3. Ovalbumin- and lactalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG4 and IgA in Groups 2 and 3 increased until 1 year of age and thereafter decreased. Until 1 year of age, ovalbumin- and lactalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG4 in Groups 3 were higher than those in Groups 1 and 2. D. farinae-, ovalbumin- and lactalbumin-specific IgM were constant in all ages of all groups. These results suggest that atopic dermatitis in young children is related to food-specific immunoglobulins and that respiratory allergic diseases in older children is related to D. farinae-specific immunoglobulins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

'Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia' in liver cirrhosis: low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma or borderline lesion?

Adenomatous hyperplasia, defined as a sizable parenchymal nodule in cirrhosis, was examined morphologically. Ninety-seven nodules of adenomatous hyperplasia were obtained from 47 cirrhotic livers and were divided into 'ordinary' (44 nodules) and 'atypical' (53 nodules) types. The former consisted of hepatocytes similar to those of the surrounding liver, and showed regularly distributed portal tracts. The latter type was composed of hepatocytes showing nuclear atypia, relative to the surrounding liver, and showed irregular or sparse portal tracts. Atypical nodules were histologically heterogeneous, possessing areas of normo-trabecular, compact, pseudoglandular and/or scirrhous patterns. Several cytological changes, such as clear cell change, small or large cell change and fatty change, were intermingled variably within a given nodule. Atypical nodules showed expansive and/or replacing growth into the surrounding liver. Atypical hepatocytes also infiltrated into the fibrous septa and portal tracts. Foci of overt hepatocellular carcinoma were found in 11 of the 53 atypical nodules. These findings suggest that ordinary adenomatous hyperplasia may be a large-sized regenerative nodule, while atypical adenomatous hyperplasia may be a hepatocellular neoplasm, a peculiar form of low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma or borderline lesion, in which overt hepatocellular carcinoma is likely to evolve through multiple steps.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical analysis of c-erbB-2 oncogene product and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in human urinary bladder carcinomas.

Expression of the product of the c-erbB-2 gene, a proto-oncogene related to, but distinct from c-erbB-1 encoding the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), was investigated in human urinary bladder carcinomas. In addition, levels of EGF-R and transferrin receptor were also analyzed using an immunohistochemical approach, and the results compared with histological pattern and grading, and tumor staging. Increased expression of c-erb B-2 product was found in 32% of cases (7/22), a positive reaction being observed in 60% of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) Grade 3 lesions (3/5), 20% of Grade 2 TCCs (2/10) and 100% of adenocarcinomas (AC) (2/2), but in none of the cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although no statistical correlation with staging was evident, TCCs or SCCs of high grade and stage often showed EGF-R-positive staining, whereas other well differentiated lesions and normal bladder epithelium were generally negative. Most cases of urinary bladder carcinoma were positive for the transferrin receptor, which was not detected in normal bladder. The results thus suggested that a positive reaction for c-erbB-2 product is correlated with TCC histological grading or AC morphology. A high intensity of EGF-R staining in human bladder carcinomas may be associated with poor differentiation and invasion, whereas transferrin receptor expression might reflect tumor growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Renal osteodystrophy in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Twelve patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were studied in order to evaluate the progression of renal osteodystrophy (ROD). All patients received doses of 0.01-0.02 microgram/kg of 1 alpha vitamin D3 (1 alpha-D3) and 0.1-0.15 g/kg of calcium carbonate for 12-18 months. Serum total protein, total calcium (Ca), creatinine, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and n-terminal parathyroid hormone were measured regularly. The radiological bone appearance for ROD or rickets and the height standard deviation score were compared between the outset and the end of this study. An increase of Ca values and a decrease of ALP values correlated with a suppression of hyperparathyroidism, and the hyperphosphatemia was controlled in the majority of our patients throughout this study. Two patients had ROD and rickets at the outset of this study, and all patients but one had neither ROD nor rickets at the end of this study. Growth retardation improved or remained stable in 10 patients. Our results indicate that adequate doses of 1 alpha-D3 and calcium carbonate are effective in the prevention of ROD and rickets in patients on CAPD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Supraventricular tachycardia in acquired rubella infection: a case report.

A 6-year-old boy developed supraventricular tachycardia nine days after onset of the exanthem of clinical rubella. The diagnosis of rubella virus infection was confirmed serologically. Except in the neonatal period, only eight cases of cardiac involvement in acquired rubella infection have been previously reported. During epidemics, rubella virus infection should be considered in patients who manifest cardiac symptoms and signs of unknown etiology.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of pediatric malignant tumors with VP-16. West Japan Pediatric Oncology Group.

The West Japan Pediatric Oncology Group studied the treatment of pediatric malignant tumors with VP-16 from December 1984 to March 1988. Study subjects were divided into two groups. One group received only VP-16, while the other received VP-16 combined with other anti-tumor agents. VP-16 evaluation was possible in a total of 116 cases. The efficacy rate was calculated by considering both complete and partial remission as effective. The efficacy rate for VP-16 alone was 87.5% for primary cases of ANLL and 100% for primary cases of histiocytosis. The efficacy rates for combination therapy were as follows: 92.6% for primary cases of ANLL, 66.7% for primary cases of histiocytosis, 45.5% for relapsed cases of ANLL and 66.7% for relapsed cases of ALL. Bone marrow suppression was seen in the form of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia for 2 to 3 weeks after VP-16 administration. Alopecia, mucositis and gastrointestinal symptoms were also observed, but they presented no significant problem. From our results, we believe that chemotherapy including VP-16 is effective for remission induction therapy in primary cases of ANLL and for salvage therapy in relapsed leukemia. Additionally, VP-16 is considered to be effective for the treatment of histiocytosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Acute leukemia with normal platelet count at diagnosis.

Thirty-six (17.8%) of 202 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 2 (3.7%) of 54 children with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) had a platelet count over 150 x 10(9)/l at diagnosis. Children with ALL and a platelet count over 150 x 10(9)/l were analysed in detail. The ALL patients without thrombocytopenia tended to be male predominant and had less frequent bleeding manifestations (p less than 0.01). These patients without thrombocytopenia had also significantly less marked leukocytosis (p less than 0.01), less severe anemia (p less than 0.05) and lower percentages of bone marrow blasts (p less than 0.05) than those with thrombocytopenia. In addition, ALL patients without thrombocytopenia had a significantly higher probability of continuous complete remission than those with thrombocytopenia (p less than 0.01).

Child↗
PubMed1990

Improved outcome for infants weighting less than 750 grams at birth: effects of advances in perinatal care, infection prevention and maternal transport for fetus.

Between 1980 and 1987, we investigated the outcome for 20 infants with birth weights less than 750 g, admitted to the neonatal unit of Kyushu University Hospital. All infants were delivered at the hospital. Seven infants (35%) survived and were discharged. Comparing the first and second 4 year periods, the survival rate improved from 17% (1 of 6 infants) to 43% (6 of 14 infants). Intensive perinatal care, prevention of infection and early transport of mothers of high-risk babies improved the outcome. In the long-term, among the 7 survivors, 1 had psychomotor retardation, 1 had epilepsy and the other 5 were normal neurologically. Growth in height and weight of these children remained below the -2SD levels until 2 years of age, thereafter they began to catch up. Growth in head circumference increased to a level above the -2SD value from 2 years of age. With intensive perinatal care, the outcome for infants weighting less than 750 g is improving, and good results may be expected.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Electroclinical study of video-game epilepsy.

Seven patients (five boys, two girls) with video-game epilepsy (VGE) are reported, which reflects the fact that these games have increased in popularity recently among Japanese children. Their ages at onset ranged from four to 13 years. The seizure phenomena were of three types: generalised tonic-clonic, partial seizure and headache. Interictal physical and neurological examinations were within normal limits. EEGs taken while they played video-games confirmed the diagnosis of VGE and revealed three triggers of seizures: flashing lights, special figure patterns and scene-changing. They were recommended to avoid playing video-games, but sodium valproate was effective if seizures persisted even after such avoidance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Steroid sulfatase activity in nails: screening for X-linked ichthyosis.

X-linked ichthyosis is generally diagnosed by a deficiency of steroid sulfatase activity in fibroblasts or leukocytes. We established a method of assaying nail steroid sulfatase activity for diagnostic use. Nail samples were easy to collect and handle, and satisfied the screening criteria of accuracy, sensitivity, and stability. The detergents Tween 20 and Triton-X 100, which enhance nail STS activity, enabled us to assay the activity with small amounts of nails. The detergent-facilitated assay was also suitable for use with pediatric patients, from whom small amounts of nails were collected.

Adult↗