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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[The Bacteriodaceae flora in the faeces of pigs (author's transl)[].

A total of 180 Bacteroidaceae strains from the fecal specimens of 31 clinically healthy pigs aged 120 to 180 days from 4 farms were isolated in numbers of 10(8)-10(10) per gram feces and differentiated for their morphological, cultural and biochemical properties. 161 of these strains belonged to Bacteroides ruminicola and related species, 10 to B. fragilis ss. fragilis, 3 to B. fragilis ss. vulgatus, 4 to Fusobacterium necrogenes, 1 to F. mortiferum and 1 to a non-motile variant of F. novum. The taxonomic relationships between B. ruminicola and B. oralis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of glucose administration on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in rats.

Glucose administered to fasted rats caused a marked stimulation in hepatic cholesterogenesis and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation, and an increase in biliary excretion of cholesterol and total bile acids. The excretion of cholic acid was not incluenced during the first few hr after glucose administration, but was significantly increased after 5 hr. Chenodeoxycholic acid showed a similar change, but the increase was only ca. one tenth of that of cholic acid. The excretion of deoxycholic acid was markedly increased by 1 hr, but gradually decreased thereafter. Pretreatment with neomycin abolished the increase in deoxycholic acid by fasting and glucose administration. Other bile acid components showed no significant change. It thus was presumed that cholesterol endogenously synthesized in the liver was metabolized mainly to cholic acid. In contrast, exogenous cholesterol was metabolized mainly to chenodeoxycholic acid. During the period of the acute enhancement of cholic acid formation from the endogenous cholesterol, biliary excretion of deoxycholic acid was increased. This probably occurred through the depression of 7 alpha-rehydroxylation of deoxycholic acid, or through the enhancement of microbial formation of deoxycholic acid in the lumen, and through the increase of intestinal absorption.

Bile↗
PubMed1975

Effect of modification of thyroid function on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation in rat liver.

Hepatic activities of cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation were determined in hyper- and hypo-thyroid rats after oral administration of glucose or cholesterol. Increases in activities of both cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation induced by glucose administration were enhanced by pretreatment with thyroid powder but suppressed by pretreatment with thiouracil. The enhancement of 7 alpha-hydroxylation was produced by a relatively small amount of thyroid powder, but high doses were required to increase cholesterol synthesis. On the other hand, the suppression of 7 alpha-hydroxylation was brought about by a low dose of thiouracil, but high doses were required to decrease cholesterol synthesis. Although cholesterol synthesis increased similarly in both hypo- and hyper-thyroid rats after glucose administration, hydroxylase activity in hypothyroid rats began to increase more slowly and was always lower than that in hyperthyroid rats. Thus it is concluded that cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity is more sensitive to thyroid function than are activities of cholesterol-synthetic enzymes. When exogenous cholesterol was given, hypothyroid rats showed a larger increase in serum cholesterol concentration than hyperthyroid rats, and there was an inverse relationship between serum cholesterol concentrations and hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

Influence of adrenal enucleation of plasma renin substrate concentration in saline loaded and unilaterally nephroadrenalectomized rats.

The influence of adrenal enucleation on plasma renin substate (PRS) concentration was investigated by comparison with sham operation (control) or adrenalectomy in unilaterally nephroadrenalectomized rats given 1% saline for drinking. Two days after adrenal enculeation or adrenalectomy, a significant increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), with a concomitant decrease in PRS, was observed. Those changes were less pronounced in adrenal enucleated rats than in adrenalectomized ones. Ten days later PRA markedly decreased to the control level in both groups. PRS rose to the control level at 10 days after adrenal enucleation without increasing further, while that in the adrenalectomized rats remained low as before. These results suggest that the fall in PRS occuring immediately after adrenal enucleation may be due both to enhanced PRS consumption resulting from increased PRA and to diminished PRS production caused by corticosteroid deficiency, and that restoration of corticosterone secretion by the enucleated adrenal gland may account for recovery of PRS.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1975

Metabolic products of microorganisms 137. Rinamycin, a new inhibitor of RNA synthesis.

A new antibiotic rinamycin was isolated from the culture mycelium of a streptomycete designated as Streptomyces venezuelae TU 1102. The antibiotic was obtained as a honey-coloured powder having the tentative molecular formula C20H55N08. It exhibits a significant inhibition of fungi, yeasts, gram-negative bacteria. The primary site of action of the antibiotic was suggested to be the RNA metabolism of rinamycin-sensitive cells.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1975

Metabolic products of microorganisms 142. A new antibiotic derinamycin, inhibitor of DNA and RNA synthesis.

Derinamycin was isolated from the myecelium of Streptomyces venezuelae Tü 1102 and its molecular formula was tentatively assigned as C51H93NO23. The antibiotic inhibits the growth of fungi, gram-positive bacteria and certain gram-negative bacteria but is less acitve against yeasts. A study of derinamycin action on the macromolecular synthesis of intact Bacillus subtilis revealed that the antibiotic suppressed DNA and RNA syntheses but that protein synthesis was less affected. Derinamycin exerted no selective inhibition between DNA and RNA syntheses in the double-isotope experiment used to assess the relative effects of the antibiotic.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗