[Introduction of information science to nursing. 11. Information science for nursing and related subjects].
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
K Tsuji
Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuji.
[Retrograde gonadal venography in patient with bilateral varicocele; a rare venous return via Santorini's plexus].
A 12-year-old boy was referred to our clinic because of microscopic hematuria. At out patient department, bilateral varicocele was found, but testes were within normal limit. Urinalysis showed microscopic hematuria, but other laboratory data were normal. Excretion urography was normal. Retrograde gonadal venogram showed a rara venous return via Santorini's plexus and lumbar veins. After varicocelectomy, urinalysis improved. It seemed that this condition was a new spermatic vein syndrome.
Child↗
[Introduction of information science to nursing. 12. Future of information science for nursing].
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Forecasting↗
[Information science for nurses. 10. Information science and judgment].
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Electronic Data Processing↗
Intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin induces a prolonged blockade of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
The intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin (2 x 3.2 micrograms) significantly reduced the specific binding of [3H]nicotine but not of [3H]cismethyldioxolane in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus of rats 3 days after the toxin injection. Scatchard analysis of [3H]nicotine binding in the rat cerebral cortex revealed that neosurugatoxin can selectively decrease the maximal binding sites (Bmax) for [3H]nicotine by approximately 38%. A significant decrease in the Bmax value for [3H]nicotine was also observed in this brain region 7 days after the neosurugatoxin injection. Thus, the intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin can induce a prolonged blockade of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Animals↗
Synergism of BSF-2/interleukin 6 and interleukin 3 on development of multipotential hemopoietic progenitors in serum-free culture.
We investigated the effects of B cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin 6 (BSF-2/IL-6) on the development of murine hemopoietic progenitors using serum-containing culture and serum-free culture. In serum-containing culture, BSF-2 mainly supported multipotential blast cell colonies from spleen cells of normal and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice. In serum-free culture, no colony growth was seen in the presence of BSF-2. Addition of BSF-2 to the serum-free culture containing IL-3 resulted in a significant increase in the number of colonies formed from multipotential progenitors in spleen cells and bone marrow cells of 5-FU-treated mice, whereas no effects were seen on the number of single or oligolineage colonies formed by the spleen cells of normal mice. These results suggested that BSF-2 and IL-3 act synergistically on the multipotential progenitors but not on the maturer progenitors. When BSF-2 was added to a culture containing low concentrations of IL-3 (1 U/ml, 4 U/ml), which had little effect on colony formation, the number of total colonies formed by the spleen cells and bone marrow cells of 5-FU-treated mice increased significantly. The combination of BSF-2 and 40 U/ml of IL-3 resulted in a significant enlargement of GMM colonies. Thus, BSF-2 appears to enhance the sensitivity of multipotential hemopoietic progenitors to IL-3.
Animals↗
Histologic types of lung cancers among male Japanese copper smelter workers.
This study was done to investigate which histologic type of lung cancer is prevalent among male Japanese copper smelter workers. A panel of eight pathologists was asked to diagnose uniformly prepared materials for 19 occupational series, 87 nonoccupational bronchogenic carcinomas, and 14 benign lesions. The consensus diagnosis was used as reference. The reference diagnoses and the originals without materials employed for verification were designated as finals. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent cell type in the occupational group, which comprised 21 (75.0%) of 28 histologically proven cases. There were three (10.7%) small cell carcinomas, one (3.6%) large cell carcinoma, and three (10.7%) adenocarcinomas. The proportion of Kreyberg group I in the occupational cases was significantly larger than that of lung cancers in the population-based cancer registries in Japan. These findings are compatible with Kreyberg's hypothesis. Above all, squamous and small cell carcinomas were prominent and appeared to be environmentally related bronchogenic carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma↗
HLA haplotype-linked high immune responsiveness against HTLV-I in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: comparison with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
HLA haplotypes of 27 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM) and 12 patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) were examined by analyzing HLA types of the patients and their family members. Either A11Bw54Cw1DR4DQw3, A24Bw54Cw1DR4DQ-, A24B7Cw7DR1DQw1, or A24Bw52Cw-DR2DQw1 and the related haplotypes were found in 70% of cases with HAM. None of these "HAM-associated" haplotypes was found in patients with ATLL. HLA haplotypes made up of HLA components of A26Bw62Cw3DR5DQw3 and one particular haplotype of Aw33B44Cw-DRw6DQw1 were associated with the ATLL haplotypes. These "ATLL-associated" haplotypes were also found in the patients with HAM who had no previous history of blood transfusion. The in vitro cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes with HTLV-I virion antigens revealed that the response with HAM peripheral blood lymphocytes was remarkably higher than that with ATLL peripheral blood lymphocytes. Based on this HTLV-I-specific immune responsiveness, we can segregate the high responders in HAM (14 of 16 cases) and the low responders in ATLL (6 of 7 cases). The existence of high and low responders was also confirmed by the normal healthy individuals, whose responses were segregated with HAM-associated and ATLL-associated haplotypes. These results suggested that two ethnic groups in southern Kyushu may get the two different diseases, HAM and ATLL, because of their different immunogenetic backgrounds. The high immune response to HTLV-I seems to be an important genetic factor in the development of HAM.
Adult↗
Cloning and analysis of HLA class I cDNA encoding a new HLA-C specificity Cx52.
HLA-C loci frequently have an unclassifiable "blank (CwBL)" specificity. It is unclear whether HLA-C specificities associated with the haplotypes of A24 Bw52 CwBL DR2 DQw1 and Aw33 B44 CwBL DRw13 DQw1 in Japanese (tentatively named Cx52 and Cx44, respectively) really exist. Southern hybridization experiments revealed that restriction enzyme-cleaved genomic DNA from AKIBA, consanguineous HLA homozygote, two other homozygotes with the former haplotype, and three homozygous cells with the latter haplotype hybridized strongly with an HLA-C-specific probe. We have screened the cDNA library constructed from AKIBA to isolate cDNA clones encoding the putative Cx52 antigen, and picked up 103 cDNA clones with HLA-class I DNA probes as possible candidates. By restriction enzyme mapping and Southern hybridization of selected clones, we identified three isotypes of cDNA clones, pA01, pB55, and pC68, which appeared to encode A24, Bw52, and Cx52, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of pC68 showed higher homology with exons of the HLA-C gene than with those of the HLA-A and HLA-B genes, especially in exons 6-8 which include the HLA-C-specific region. Comparison of amino acid sequences showed more than 86% homology among Cw1, Cw2, Cw3, and new pC68-encoded Cx52 proteins. These results support the notion that the inability to define C antigens serologically in this Cx52 haplotype is not due to a HLA-C gene deletion or mutation, but to the absence of typing sera.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Taq I-generated HLA-DQ alpha polymorphism in Japanese patients with narcolepsy.
Taq I-generated HLA-DQ alpha restriction fragment length polymorphism was examined in Japanese patients with narcolepsy. All patients were DR2 positive and shared a 6.0 kb fragment, although this fragment was found only in 54% of the healthy DR2-positive Japanese. This finding added the DQ alpha gene to the list of candidates for the possible narcolepsy-susceptibility gene. In contrast, there was no complete association between narcolepsy and DX alpha restriction fragment length polymorphism. These findings suggest that a narcolepsy-susceptibility gene is located closer to the DQ locus than to the DX locus.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6↗
Marked secretion of pyruvate in human duodenal juice stimulated with pancreozymin or secretin.
Pyruvate and lactate in duodenal aspirates were investigated to determine whether they are excreted from human pancreas as substrates for alkaline secretion as is bicarbonate. Secretion of these acids was compared with that of another organic acid, citrate, which is thought to be excreted in close relationship to digestive enzymes. All acids were assayed in the fluid obtained from 11 subjects without pancreatic diseases, before and after sequential intravenous injections of 1 unit/kg pancreozymin and 1 unit/kg secretin. Pyruvate concentrations were markedly increased by each stimulation, especially by secretin, and the cumulative excretions of pyruvate and bicarbonate after secretin stimulation were significantly correlated among the subjects. In contrast, lactate concentrations, although high just after administration of pancreozymin, declined to a considerable extent following each injection, rather similar to those of protein or citrate. These data suggest that pyruvate may be secreted from human pancreatic duct cells similar to bicarbonate secretion through mechanisms related to alkaline secretion.
Adult↗
Effect of vitamin D on gastrin and gastric somatostatin secretion from the isolated perfused rat stomach.
We have studied the role of vitamin D in the regulation of gastrin and gastric somatostatin secretion from the isolated perfused rat stomach. In Ca-deficient vitamin D-deficient rats (Ca(-)D(-) group), the basal and bombesin-stimulated gastrin and gastric somatostatin release (basal IRGa, basal IRS, sigma delta IRGa, and sigma delta IRS) all were significantly lower than in Ca-replete vitamin D-replete rats (Ca(+)D(+) group), and also lower than in Ca-replete vitamin D-deficient rats (Ca(+)D(-) group) except for the basal IRGa. In the Ca(+)D(-) group, the basal IRGa and IRS, and sigma delta IRS were not significantly lower than in the Ca(+)D(+) group. Although there was no significant impairment in basal IRGa, sigma delta IRGa in the Ca(+)D(-) group was significantly lower than in the Ca(+)D(+) control group. Thus, the gastrin and gastric somatostatin secretion from the Ca-deficient vitamin D-deficient rats were impaired. In addition, the impaired gastrin and gastric somatostatin secretions seem to be caused not only by a decrease in serum Ca but also by the reduced effect of the vitamin D on the G and gastric D cells.
Animals↗
Characteristic features of insulin secretion in the streptozotocin-induced NIDDM rat model.
Male Wistar neonatal rats at age 1.5 days (Streptozotocin [STZ] group 1) and 5 days (STZ group 2) received a subcutaneous injection of 90 mg/kg STZ. After 10 weeks, the rats were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (2 g/kg) in a conscious state. The pancreas perfusion experiments were conducted 2 weeks after the OGTT. There was no statistical difference in insulin response between the STZ group 1 and the control group. On the contrary, in the STZ group 2, the plasma glucose response to OGTT showed a typical diabetic pattern, and the plasma insulin response was markedly blunted. In the isolated perfused rat pancreas, the infusion of glucose evoked a biphasic insulin secretion, but the peak insulin levels induced by 16.7 mmol/L glucose in the STZ group 1 were significantly lower than in the controls. We further investigated characteristics of insulin secretion in response to different secretagogues in these animal models using isolated islets. The insulin content of the islets of the STZ group 1 were about one half that of the control group. Insulin secretion in the STZ group 1 was impaired in response to glucose stimulation, but remained normal in response to arginine and forskolin. These results suggest that insulin secretion of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rat model is selectively impaired in response to glucose stimulation, possibly due to a disorder of signaling mechanism other than adenylate cyclase.
Animals↗
HLA-DP typing by analysis of DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the HLA-DP beta subregion.
HLA class II antigens are encoded in the HLA-D region and are highly polymorphic. Southern hybridization technique was used to analyze restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in the DP beta gene and an attempt was made to correlate these with DP haplotypes derived from primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) analysis. Digestion of DNA from 32 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed cell lines (of haplotypes DPw2, DPw3, DPw4, DPw5, and Cp63) with three different restriction endonucleases. Southern transfer, and hybridization to the DP beta cDNA probe revealed multiple fragments in all cell lines tested. The polymorphic patterns of these fragments were found to correlate with DP haplotypes, suggesting the possibility that the analysis of DNA RFLPs (DNA typing) in the HLA-DP beta subregion can distinguish and identify HLA-DP haplotypes.
DNA↗
Neosurugatoxin: CNS acetylcholine receptors and luteinizing hormone secretion in ovariectomized rats.
Neosurugatoxin, a neurotoxin isolated from the Japanese ivory shell, inhibits ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors but not skeletal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It has also been reported to inhibit (3H) L-nicotine binding to high-affinity agonist acetylcholine receptors in rat brain membrane preparations. In the present study, 10(-5) M neosurugatoxin inhibited the in vitro binding of (3H) L-nicotine to the medial habenular nucleus of frozen, coronal sections of rat brain as did 10(-5) M cytisine or nicotine and 10(-4) M dihydro-beta-erythroidine. Neosurugatoxin did not inhibit (125I) alpha-bungarotoxin binding to hypothalamic synaptosomal preparations or to frozen, coronal sections of rat brain. Injection of neosurugatoxin into the third ventricles of ovariectomized rats resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of pulses of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion but had no effect on the amplitude of pulses. A low dose (1 microgram/injection) of the nicotinic acetylcholine agent cytisine injected into the third ventricle had no significant effect on pulsatile LH secretion. Coadministration of cytisine could block the inhibitory effect of neosurugatoxin on LH secretion. It is suggested that neosurugatoxin is a useful antagonist to study the biological roles of a specific subclass of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mammalian brain and reproductive neuroendocrine functions.
Animals↗
Specific restriction fragment length polymorphism on the HLA-C region and susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris.
In psoriasis vulgaris, the HLA class I Cw6 specificity has previously been recognized as the most commonly associated antigen serologically. This study was carried out to investigate whether or not the gene controlling the susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris existed on the HLA, especially the HLA-C region. At first, we analyzed the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of 13 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 6 healthy controls who were all positive for at least one allele of HLA-Cw6. To characterize RFLP in psoriasis patients who did not have HLA-Cw6, 12 patients and 10 healthy controls who had HLA-Cw7 were also examined. Southern hybridization of genomic DNA demonstrated that DNA polymorphisms of the HLA-C antigen gene could not be found in any psoriasis vulgaris patient whether HLA-Cw6 or Cw7. However, a 4.5 kb BamHI fragment and a 3.1 kb PstI fragment were lacking in some healthy controls who had either HLA-Cw6 or Cw7. This study suggests that the presence of RFLP in the HLA-C gene is associated with psoriasis vulgaris. These specific fragments may help predispose individuals to psoriasis vulgaris, or may be essential for the development of the disease.
DNA↗
Genetic control in the susceptibility of germfree inbred mice to infection by Escherichia coli O115a,c:K(B).
We studied the susceptibility of five germfree inbred strains of mice to oral infection by murine pathogenic Escherichia coli O115a,c:K(B) (MPEC), the causative agent of mouse megaenteron. Although MPEC colonized all strains of mice at 10(9)/g of feces, the mouse strains could be divided into three groups according to their intestinal lesions. In CF1 and C3H/He mice, intestinal lesions were produced in the cecum and colon with hyperplasia of epithelial cells accompanied by severe inflammatory reactions and erosion. The lesions in NC and C57BL/6 mice were restricted to the tip of the cecum, and hyperplasia of epithelial cells was more severe in these mice than in CF1 or C3H/He mice. BALB/c mice had no lesions. Analysis of F1 hybrids of CF1, NC, and BALB/c mice and offsprings from backcrosses of F1 mice to parental strains showed that susceptibility to MPEC seemed to be controlled genetically by a single locus which may be related to the receptors on epithelial cells for MPEC adherence. However, the differences in lesions between CF1 and NC mice suggest that a combination of this locus and another locus to which it may be related regulates the hyperplasia of intestinal epithelial cells.
Animals↗
Effect of dietary salt and cholesterol loading on vascular adrenergic receptors.
To evaluate the effects of salt and cholesterol intake on vascular responses to catecholamines, alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptor densities were determined in control, cholesterol-loaded, salt-loaded with desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and furosemide-loaded male rabbits, using [3H]-prazosin and (-)-[125I]-cyanopindolol as ligands, respectively. In the aortic membrane, the density of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors (Bmax = 120 +/- 14 fmol/mg protein, Kd = 0.48 +/- 0.05 nM) was higher than that of beta-adrenergic receptors (Bmax = 10.5 +/- 1.7 fmol/mg protein, Kd = 47.1 +/- 8.6 pM). Salt loading and depletion did not alter the density or affinity of either the alpha 1- or beta-adrenergic receptors. By contrast, cholesterol loading significantly decreased alpha 1-adrenergic receptor affinity to a Kd value of 0.81 +/- 0.11 nM from the control level of 0.48 +/- 0.05 and increased the beta-adrenergic receptor density to a Bmax of 18.7 +/- 1.9 fmol/mg protein from the control level of 10.5 +/- 1.7. These results showed that the density of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors was higher than that of beta-adrenergic receptors in the rabbit aortic membrane preparation, and suggested that the sensitivity of aortic membrane to catecholamines was changed by cholesterol loading.
Animals↗