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Biomedical subjects

K Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuchiya.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Dermatoglyphics in typical cleft hand.

Dermatoglyphic prints of the typical cleft hand with a rudiment of the middle metacarpal showed that a whorl pattern was present on the ulnar margin of the V-shaped defect, suggesting the fingertip pattern of the middle finger.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cefmenoxime (SCE-1365), a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities.

The activity of cefmenoxime (SCE-1365), 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid, was compared with that of other cephalosporins. Cefmenoxime exhibited high activity against a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The in vitro activity of cefmenoxime against Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, and Enterobacteriaceae, including indole-positive Proteus, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter freundii, was 10 to 1,000 times greater than that of several other cephalosporins. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cefmenoxime showed activity two to four times that of sulbenicillin and carbenicillin but less than that of cefsulodin. Variation in pH, addition of horse serum, and type of growth medium had definite effects on the activity of cefmenoxime, and the inoculum size affected the activity against bacterial species. In Escherichia coli cefmenoxime showed marked affinity for penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP-3), followed by PBP-1 (1A and 1B). This affinity profile was well correlated with its filamentous cell-forming activity under extremely low drug concentrations and with its bactericidal activity against microorganisms. The high in vitro activity of cefmenoxime was reflected in the degree of protection observed in mice infected intraperitoneally with a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, cefmenoxime showed good therapeutic activity against infection models in mice such as respiratory tract infection caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and urinary tract infection caused by Proteus mirabilis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

In vitro and in vivo morphological response of Klebsiella pneumoniae to cefotiam and cefazolin.

The effect of cefotiam and cefazolin on the ultrastructure of Klebsiella pneumoniae DT-S in vitro and in experimental pneumonia in mice was examined by electron microscopy. The action of both cephalosporins against K. pneumoniae DT-S was bactericidal, and a dose response in the action was definite. At the minimal inhibitory concentration of each cephalosporin, filamentation of the cells was induced and the cytoplasm became sparse during the course of incubation. With elevation of the concentration of the cephalosporins, spheroplasts were formed; they subsequently collapsed. In the lungs of mice, the infecting organisms localized in the alveolar space, and each cell was connected by a threadlike material. A fibrous matrix, located on the cell surface of the infecting organisms, was observed in ultrathin sections. By administration of each cephalosporin to mice, several morphological changes, similar to those noted in vitro, were observed in the infecting organisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Observations on natural and laboratory infection of rodents with the etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever.

Studies were conducted to define the natural host range of the Korean hemorrhagic fever (KHF) agent in South Korea, and to identify colonized rodents susceptible to this infection. Eight species of field rodents were captured in areas of Korea endemic for KHF and their tissues were examined by immunofluorescence for the presence of KHF antigen. One hundred and fourteen of 817 Apodemus agrarius coreae captured between 1974 and 1978 had one or more positive organs. No positive organ was found in 239 rodents of the other seven species examined. Two hundred and thirty-eight specimens of Apodemus agrarius jejuensis captured on Jeju Island, an area thought to be free of disease, were also negative. Attempted laboratory infection of nine species of rodents captured in the field but maintained in the laboratory was successful only in the two subspecies of Apodemus. The 46 specimens of A. a. jejunesis tested in this manner were all uniformly susceptible to infection as determined by immunofluorescence. Serial sacrifice of experimentally infected A. a. jejuensis revealed viremia of short duration terminating on day 10 postinfection. In contrast, other tissues of this animal, including lung, kidney, liver and parotid gland were positive on day 10 and remained so through the 100-day observation period. When 12 species of colonized laboratory rodents were inoculated with KHF agent five were found to develop KHF antibody by indirect immunofluorescence and two, Calomys callosus and Apodemus agrarious ningpoensis, developed detectable KHF antigen in their tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Light and electron microscopy of the morphological response of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens to cefmenoxime (SCE-1365), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin.

The morphological response of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens to cefmenoxime (SCE-1365), 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxyminoacetamido]-3-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, was investigated. The action of cefmenoxime was bactericidal against both E. coli and S. marcescens even at rather low concentrations. The pattern and the rate of the decrease of colony-forming units (CFU) were similar over a fairly wide range of concentration; this was especially noticeable in S. marcescens. In E. coli filamentous cells were induced at low concentrations of the cephalosporin. Spheroplasts appeared at higher concentrations, and they lysed later. A bulge was formed at the middle of the cell at concentrations near the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and vacuole-like structures surrounded by membrane were also observed in the cytoplasm of the filamentous cells. In S. marcescens filamentation of cells occurred over a considerable range of concentration. With longer times of incubation, granular structures and fused nuclear regions were noticed in the sparse cytoplasm.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Effect of combination of cefsulodin and beta-lactam antibiotics against Serratia marcescens.

The effect of cefsulodin in combination with various beta-lactam antibiotics was examined against Serratia marcescens. In vitro, the optimum ratio for all combinations tested was almost the same (cefsulodin - other antibiotic = 1:1 approximately 1:4). The combinations of cefsulodin-cefazolin and cefsulodin-cefotiam were found to have a synergistic effect and other combinations, such as cefsulodin-cefmenoxime, -ampicillin and -sulbenicillin, an additive effect with the checkerboard dilution and the fixed combination methods. The synergistic effect of cefsulodin-cefotiam was more potent than that of cefsulodin-cefazolin and the effect of both combinations was clearer with heavy than with light inoculum size. With the killing kinetic method, all combinations tested showed a synergistic effect. In vivo, the optimum combination ratios of cefsulodin-cefazolin and cefsulodin-cefotiam were 1:2 and 1:1, respectively, the protective effect of the latter combination being much stronger than that of the former. With the fixed combination method (cefsulodin - other antibiotic = 1:1 approximately 1:4), the effect of the combination of cefsulodin with all antibiotics except cefazolin and cefotiam was additive.

Animals↗