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Biomedical subjects

K Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuchiya.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[A case of aortitis syndrome, in which carotid ultrasonography was a useful approach for the diagnosis].

We report a case of aortitis syndrome, in which carotid ultrasonography was a useful approach for the diagnosis. A 21-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for persistent fever. No specific physical findings or laboratory abnormalities were observed except high fever and marked increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c reactive protein. Since clinical trial of antibiotics and antituberculosis agents resulted in no effectiveness, prednisolone was started, but the effect was limited. After that, she complained of the neck pain, and vascular murmur became apparently audible at the pain site. Ultrasonography of the carotid artery revealed the smooth lumen and homogeneous, non-hyperechoic intimal thickening. Then aortography confirmed the diagnosis of aortitis syndrome. Cyclophosphamide combined with steroid therapy diminished the disease activity. In this case, carotid ultrasonography gave us the important information to enforce the aortography. If ultrasonography of the carotid artery has been popularized for aortitis syndrome, and its findings have been standardized, non-invasive diagnosis of this disease will be taken a step forward.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Successful surgical repair of atrial septal defect associated with mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation].

A 63-year-old woman with atrial septal defect, mitral regurgitation, and tricuspid regurgitation underwent mitral valvuloplasty with 30 mm Carpentier ring, patch closure of atrial septal defect and tricuspid annuloplasty with 36 mm Carpentier ring. She was doing well now. In this case, preoperative catheterization showed left-to-right shunt ratio of 32% and right-to-left shunt ratio of 51%. The existence of right-to-left shunt was considered to be related to the grade of tricuspid regurgitation. It is concluded that in these cases, surgical repair should be recommended before the onset of severe progressive heart failure.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Enhanced expression of an insulin growth factor-like binding protein (mac25) in senescent human mammary epithelial cells and induced expression with retinoic acid.

mac25, the subject of this report, was selected by the differential display of mRNA method in a search for genes overexpressed in senescent human mammary epithelial cells. mac25 had previously been cloned as a discrete gene, preferentially expressed in normal, leptomeningial cells compared with meningioma tumors. mac25 is another member of the insulin growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP) family. Insulin-like growth factors are potent mitogens for mammary epithelial cells, and the IGFBPs have been shown to modulate this mitogenic activity. We report here that mac25, unlike most IGFBPs, is down-regulated at the transcription level in mammary carcinoma cell lines, suggesting a tumor-suppressor role. The gene was mapped to chromosome 4q12. We found that mac25 accumulates in senescent cells and is up-regulated in normal, growing mammary epithelial cells by all-trans-retinoic acid or the synthetic retinoid fenretinide. These findings suggest that mac25 may be a downstream effector of retinoid chemoprevention in breast epithelial cells and that its tumor-suppressive role may involve a senescence pathway.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Estimation of variation among individuals of biological half-time of cadmium calculated from accumulation data.

For heavy metals, many experimental studies using animals have revealed short biological half-times (BHTs) to be 1 year or less by administration of heavy metals. Tsuchiya and Sugita, however, devised an original method and first reported the possibility of a long BHT for cadmium (Cd) calculated from Cd accumulation in postmortem human organs and tissues by age using a nonlinear regression analysis employing a differential equation. According to their reports, the estimated values of Cd BHT were 12.1-22.7 years in the kidney. The estimated Cd BHTs are point estimators. The point estimator of Cd BHT has been used indiscriminately to derive safety levels for Cd in the air of work environments or foodstuffs in the general population without taking into consideration individual variation of Cd BHT. In the present study, the estimated variation among individuals of Cd BHT ranges from a few years to at least 100 years in the kidney. It is concluded that the estimated average BHT according to mathematical calculation should not be used indiscriminately to derive the safety level of cadmium exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Goblet cell hyperplasia induced by Strongyloides venezuelensis-infection in Syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus.

The goblet cell response was examined in the jejunum of the Syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus, following infection with an intestinal helminth, Strongyloides venezuelensis. After subcutaneous inoculation with 3000 infective larvae (L3), the number of adult worms in the small intestine remained stable up to day 20 and then decreased. Before infection, the number of goblet cells in the jejunum was about 70/10 villi. The number of goblet cells slowly increased, though not significantly, until day 20 post-infection, and then rapidly increased with an inverse relationship to the worm burden. By day 43, when adult worms were almost completely expelled, the number of goblet cells was about 3-fold higher than that of control animals. Similar vigorous goblet cell hyperplasia has not been reported in Strongyloides spp. infection in other experimental animals. Histochemical study revealed that goblet cells in the jejunum of Syrian golden hamsters, unlike those of other experimental animals, produced and released highly sulfated mucins.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Radiation myelopathy: a clinicopathological study with special reference to correlation between MRI findings and neuropathology.

We describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropathological findings in a patient with chronic progressive radiation myelopathy (CPRM). An 81-year-old man with esophageal cancer underwent radiotherapy. Four years later he developed a progressive neurological deficit below the irradiated level of the spinal cord. Neurological examination revealed spastic paraplegia. MRI findings showed an area of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images of the thoracic spinal cord. On the basis of clinical and MRI findings, we diagnosed his condition as CPRM. MRI performed thirteen months after onset of neurological signs revealed mild atrophy of the spinal cord detected on T1-weighted images and an area of high signal intensity within the spinal cord detected on T2-weighted images. Neuropathological examination revealed findings consistent with radiation myelopathy. We speculate that the area of high signal intensity within the spinal cord detected on T2-weighted images might be a result of proliferation of small vessels, which was discovered upon autopsy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Cryopreservation of wild mouse spermatozoa.

Spermatozoa of wild mice from China, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, India, Japan and Switzerland were frozen and stored at -196 degrees C. After thawing, intact oocytes were inseminated in vitro with relatively high motility frozen-thawed mouse spermatozoa from Czechoslovakia, Denmark and India, while oocytes with a partially dissected zona were inseminated with low motility frozen-thawed spermatozoa from China, Japan and Switzerland. Embryos developing to the 2-cell stage from oocytes fertilized with frozen-thawed spermatozoa were transferred to the oviducts of female recipients on the first day of pseudopregnancy (day when a vaginal plug was confirmed). Successful embryo development to the 2-cell stage was 46 to 67%. Offspring resulted from 17 to 51% of these transferred 2-cell embryos.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Different chromosomal localization of the Clcn4 gene in Mus spretus and C57BL/6J mice.

We report the unprecedented finding of a gene with a different map position in two mouse strains. The Clcn4 gene was found to map to the X chromosome in the wild Mediterrean mouse, Mus spretus but to chromosome 7 in the inbred strain of laboratory mouse C57BL/6J. These data indicate that a recent evolutionary rearrangement occurred on the mouse sex chromosomes, very close to the pseudoautosomal region. Our data provide molecular evidence for a major divergence near the pseudoautosomal region, consistent with the hypothesis that hybrid sterility in these species results from abnormal pairing of sex chromosomes during male meiosis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Effect of testosterone on the mucosal defence against intestinal helminths in Indian soft-furred rats, Millardia meltada with reference to goblet and mast cell responses.

Effects of testosterone on the mucosal defence mechanisms against intestinal helminths were examined in Millardia meltada. When female M. meltada were treated with testosterone at the pharmacological dose, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection persisted for over seven weeks with prominent biphasic pattern of faecal egg production, whereas almost complete expulsion was observed by two weeks in untreated controls. In spite of a biphasic pattern of faecal egg production, the worm burden of testosterone-treated animals remained constant up to three weeks and then slowly decreased by seven weeks. To see whether or not this delayed expulsion in testosterone treated animals was due to altered cellular responses of the intestinal mucosa, goblet and mast cell responses were examined histologically. At two weeks post-infection, goblet cell responses at the infected site were significantly lower in testosterone-treated animals than in controls. In contrast mast cell hyperplasia was comparable between testosterone-treated and control animals. When Strongyloides venezuelensis, in which expulsion is dependent on mucosal mast cells, were infected concurrently with N. brasiliensis, testosterone-treated animals could expel S. venezuelensis worms by Day 18, but failed to expel N. brasiliensis. Histologically, mast cell hyperplasia was associated with expulsion of S. venezulensis, while goblet cell responses were suppressed. From these results, testosterone seems to suppress proliferation/function of goblet cells but does not affect mast cells of M. meltada.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Gianturco stent placement in malignant caval obstruction: analysis of factors for predicting the outcome.

PURPOSE: To determine the factors that may be used to predict outcome of stent placement in patients with malignancies obstructing the superior or inferior vena cava. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gianturco stents were placed in 39 patients with malignant obstruction of the superior (n = 16) or inferior (n = 23) vena cava. Thirteen patients with obstruction of the superior vena cava received radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy at some time in their course of treatment. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained in all patients. The authors analyzed treatment outcome with the location, length, and CT appearance of obstruction. RESULTS: Venous congestive symptoms disappeared after stent placement in 35 patients and remained in four. Symptoms did not recur during 1-13-month follow-up in 32 of the 35 patients in whom the symptoms disappeared. Nonfatal complications were observed in nine patients. Results of multivariate analysis showed that the outcome of stent placement is best predicted by the appearance of obstructions on CT scans irrespective of the location and length of the lesions. CONCLUSION: Good results can be expected from placement of Gianturco stents except when CT shows the obstruction to be totally enveloped by tumor.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1995

Widespread appearance of Alz-50 immunoreactive neurons in the human brain with cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tau-like immunoreactivity is known to develop in neurons under some experimental conditions simulating ischemia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of tau-like immunoreactivity in the human brain after ischemic insult. METHODS: A series of autopsied human brains with or without ischemic lesion were investigated with immunohistochemistry (Alz-50, anti-tau, and anti-ubiquitin) and with silver-staining methods (Gallyas and Bodian methods). RESULTS: Punctate immunoreactivity to Alz-50 was visualized in the cytoplasm not only of the neurons in and around the ischemic lesion but also of the neurons free from classic ischemic changes around the necrosis. Some of the neurons around the ischemic lesion were stained by the Gallyas method. Immunostaining with anti-tau and anti-ubiquitin antibodies and the conventional Bodian method failed to visualize these neurons. CONCLUSIONS: The widespread appearance of Alz-50 immunoreactive neurons during the ischemic process signifies that tau-related proteins may be related to ischemic necrosis, but the lack of neurofibrillary tangles morphologically distinguishes ischemic development of tau-related proteins from the neurofibrillary degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.

Antigens↗
PubMed1995

[Studies on attenuation of post-ischemic brain injury by kampo medicines-inhibitory effects of free radical production. II].

It is thought that highly reactive oxygen radicals generated at the ischemia-reperfusion in case of strokes play an important role in damaging the brain. It is well known that lipid peroxidation is propagated by active oxygen radicals, and the the brain is susceptible to the lipid peroxidation. In the previous study, we found that several Chinese herbal medicines and kampo components, which were used for the attenuation of the post-ischemic brain injury, showed a free-radical (OH., O2-. and DPPH) scavenging activity. However, it is not clear whether these Chinese herbal medicines can inhibit the lipid peroxidation reaction or not. In attempting to address this question, we have used three kinds of kampo formulations (Oren-gedoku-to (Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang), Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to (Chai-Hu-Jia-Long-Gu-Mu-Li-Tang) and Keishi-bukuryo-gan (Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan)) to measure the suppressive effect of the lipid peroxidation on the mouse cerebrum using the TBA technique in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments, all these Chinese herbal medicines decreased the levels of TBA-reactive substances concentration-dependently. In vivo studies, the levels of the TBA-reactive substance of the cerebrum homogenate of mice treated with these kampo formulations by p.o. for three weeks also decreased. From these results, we suggest that the pharmacological action of Chinese herbal medicines used for the attenuation of the post-ischemic brain damage not only have a free-radical scavenging activity, but also have a suppressive effect on the generation of the lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Geographical distribution of the Hbb haplotypes in the Mus musculus subspecies in eastern Asia.

We surveyed the geographical distribution of Hbb haplotypes of the house mouse, Mus musculus, in the former USSR and the northern part of China. Mice with the w1 haplotype were distributed from the coastal area of the Black Sea to the Maritime Province of Siberia in the former USSR and in the area north of the Yangtze River in China. Mice with the p haplotype were found in the areas surrounding those populated with the w1 haplotype mice. In the Maritime Province and the southern part of Siberia, the d haplotype was predominant. The correlation between the geographical variation of the Hbb haplotypes and the distribution of the Mus musculus subspecies in the eastern part of the Eurasian Continent, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Magnetic resonance imaging of multiple brain abscesses of the bilateral basal ganglia.

A 64-year-old woman developed multiple brain abscesses of the basal ganglia associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. Magnetic resonance (MR) images showed three different stages of the brain abscesses. The images of early cerebritis of this site mimicked lacunar infarctions or dilated Virchow-Robin spaces. The differentiation of the brain abscess from lacunae and dilated Virchow-Robin spaces is discussed, together with the evolution of the brain abscesses on MR images.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1995

[A study on the reliability of evoked response audiometry in infants below one year of age; a long-term follow-up].

The reliability of brainstem evoked response audiometry (ERA) as an objective audiometric study was evaluated in long term follow-up infants with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss. None of the infants had either brain damage (cerebral palsy, mental retardation) or other severe complications (genetic diseases). The thresholds of ERA at 1 kHz and 4 kHz were measured in 234 infants below one year of age, from 1983 to 1990, in our hospital. These infants were followed-up to the age when conditioned oriented response audiometry (COR) and play audiometry could be conducted. Pure tone thresholds obtained by COR and play audiometry were compared with those of ERA. In addition, speech problems in these patients were evaluated. In all of those infants, hearing aids were fitted before one year of age to achieve early habilitation. As a results, ERA was found to be a reliable and efficacious test for determining auditory thresholds, and providing hearing aids for early habilitation in one-year old infants with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗