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Biomedical subjects

K Toyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Toyama.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Demonstration of p35 in hairy cell leukemia of Japanese patients.

Using SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), several coworkers isolated a unique membrane protein that they named p35 from hairy cells of white patients with hairy cell leukemia. In the current study using a similar technique, p35 was identified in hairy cells from 2 of 4 Japanese patients with hairy cell leukemia. Further, p35 was immunoprecipitated from the leukemic membrane proteins of one of these two Japanese patients with an anti-hairy cell serum prepared against hairy cells of a typical white patient. Because both Japanese and white patients share the unique membrane antigen, it is proposed that the Japanese have the hairy cell leukemia as whites despite some differences in laboratory features.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1984

Natural history of subarterial infundibular ventricular septal defect.

Development of aortic valvular deformities was studied retrospectively in 395 inpatients with subarterial infundibular ventricular septal defect (siVSD). Aortic valvular deformities included prolapse into siVSD without aortic regurgitation (77 patients), prolapse and aortic regurgitation (95 patients), and aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva (36 patients). No aortic valvular deformity was found in 187 patients, and 111 of these 187 patients had associated pulmonary hypertension. Prolapse and regurgitation of the aortic valve developed most frequently at the age 5 to 8 years. Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva was not found before the age of 10 years but began to develop during the teens and was diagnosed most frequently in the twenties. Patients with pulmonary hypertension did not develop aortic valvular deformities except in one instance. All inpatients with siVSD and without pulmonary hypertension over the age of 30 years had developed some aortic valvular deformities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Activity of the striate cortex cells during saccadic eye movements of the alert cat.

Neuronal activity in the striate cortex was studied during eye movements of alert cats under reinforcement of eye movements with rewards of water. Striate cells were differentiated into two groups exhibiting contrasting activities during and at intermissions of saccadic eye movements made in the presence of a visual pattern: (1) saccade-excited (SE) cells (207/271) that were excited during saccadic eye movements and were much less active at intermissions; and (2) saccade-depressed (SD) cells (55/271) that were depressed during eye movements and were strongly active at intermissions. Under suppression of eye movements by retrobulbar paralysis or by withdrawal of the rewards, most SE-cells (89/104) exhibited photic responsiveness characteristic of "complex" cells in the anesthetized cat, and almost all SD-cells (23/26) that of "simple" cells. Therefore, it is likely that the two major neuronal populations in the striate cortex provide parallel channels of visual information which are gated in an alternative way during eye movements.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Integration of retinal and motor signals of eye movements in striate cortex cells of the alert cat.

Responses of saccade-depressed (SD) and saccade-excited (SE) cells in the striate cortex to eye movements of alert cats under presentation of a visual pattern were studied under reinforcement of the eye movements with rewards of water. These responses were compared to those on passive displacement of the visual pattern reproducing the movements of the retinal image occurring during eye movements while eye movements were suppressed by withdrawal of reinforcement. Passive displacement of the visual pattern produced in the SD cells depression closely resembled the depression occurring during eye movements under presentation of the visual pattern, in time course as well as in amplitude. Both the saccade depression and the depression due to passive movement of the visual pattern were nonselective to the direction of eye movements. Saccade excitation of the SE cells frequently contained two components occurring at 20 and 80 ms after the onsets of eye movements. Passive displacement of the visual pattern produced in the SE cells excitation comparable with the early component of the saccade excitation. These findings suggest that saccade depression in the SD cells and the early component of the saccade excitation in the SE cells are related to retinal reafference of eye movement. During presentation of visual patterns, saccade excitation in the SE cells was closely related to parameters of eye movements, such as direction, amplitude, duration, and velocity. The correlations were completely lost or strongly reduced in darkness. Lines of evidence were provided that the saccade excitation of the SE cells in darkness or the later component of the saccade excitation under presentation of a visual pattern represents efference copy signals of eye movement transferred to the striate cortex through the Clare-Bishop (CB) cortex. Excitation comparable with saccade excitation in darkness occurred in synchrony with activities of the oculomotor nuclei even after retrobulbar paralysis of eye movement, indicating that the excitation is related to efference copy signals rather than proprioceptive reafference of eye movement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[An evaluation of antimicrobial removal device to isolate bacteria from bacteremic patients with hematological disorders].

Antibiotics contained in blood specimens often inhibit bacterial growth in culture media. Recently, the antimicrobial removal device (ARD) containing resins to absorb antibiotics has been made available. To evaluate the effectiveness of the ARD, we investigated how much the antibiotics were removed by the ARD. The ARD method was compared to the conventional culturing method in isolating organisms from blood specimens of patients with hematological disorders receiving antimicrobial agents. The antibiotics, including cefotiam, cefsulodin, cefmenoxime, cefazolin and sulbenicillin, were proved to be almost completely removed by the ARD. Bacteria were detected only by use of the ARD in the blood cultures from 2 of 21 blood specimens (11 patients) entered in the study, while all of the blood cultures were negative by the conventional method. These isolated bacteria were S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, of which septicemias were cured by intensive antibiotic therapy for these bacteria. It is suggested that pretreatment with the ARD makes detection of bacteria easier in blood from the patients receiving antibiotics. Literatures were reviewed concerning improvement and shortened time for isolation of organisms by using the ARD.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[An autopsy case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung presenting with small and large bowel metastasis].

A 81-year-old male with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was admitted because of melena. Upon autopsy, bleeding sites were found in the small and large bowel; they were lesions from the lung carcinoma. Gastrointestinal metastases from primary lung carcinoma are clinically rare, although they are seen in autopsy cases. Review of autopsy data on 1181 cases of primary lung carcinoma showed that 218 (18.5%) manifested gastrointestinal metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Pancreatic cancer in father and daughter].

A 77-year-old male patient was admitted because of jaundice and general malaise. Exploratory laparotomy disclosed pancreatic head cancer with invasion to the intrapancreatic bile duct. Three months later, his daughter, aged 51, was admitted for evaluation because of body weight loss and back pain. CT scan disclosed 3 low-density areas in the pancreas with irregular margins and multiple low-density areas in the liver. Pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis was confirmed by autopsy. In familial pancreatic cancer, it is essential that genetic in addition to environmental factors be examined in pancreatic carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗