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Biomedical subjects

K Toyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Toyama.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[A case report of neoplastic aneurysm due to metastatic choriocarcinoma].

A twenty-year-old female, who had multi-agent chemotherapy for eighteen months after surgical resection of a choriocarcinoma originating from the left adnexa, was hospitalized because of a cerebrovascular accident. Her complaints were unconsciousness, generalized convulsion and left hemiparesis. Although both plain and contrast enhanced CT scans demonstrated only acute subdural hematoma in the right frontoparietal region associated with midline shift, no tumor shadow was recognized over the cortex or intraparenchymally. A carotid angiogram revealed a large and irregularly shaped aneurysm at a peripheral branching of the angular artery. Evacuation of the hematoma, resection of the aneurysm and revascularization for the defect of the parent artery by transplantation of a part of STA by means of microsurgical anastomosis were done at an emergency operation. Nevertheless the graft did not prove to be patent on the post-operative angiogram. Due to retrograde filling of the distal portion of the angular artery through collateral channels, the patient has been completely free of neurological deficit and her performance of daily activities has been excellent. No appearance of other intracranial metastasis of the tumor has been detected for six months thereafter. Histological examination of the resected aneurysm demonstrated that choriocarcinoma composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncitiotrophoblasts filled the lumen of the aneurysm. The van Gieson's staining clarified the invasion of the tumor into the vascular wall causing disruption of lamina elastica beneath the fairly intact adventitia. Microscopic findings of the specimens taken from adjacent brain tissue and overlying dura mater confirmed absence of metastatic lesion in them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Responsiveness of Clare-Bishop neurons to visual cues associated with motion of a visual stimulus in three-dimensional space.

Photic responsiveness of cells in the medial bank of the lateral suprasylvian cortex (Clare-Bishop area) was studied using a three-dimensional visual stimulator that reproduced two visual cues (motion disparity and change in size) for perception of three-dimensional motion of a visual stimulus. About one third of them (48/148) were selectively responsive to motion disparity corresponding to approaching (AP cells, n = 30) or recessive motion (RC cells, N = 18), another half to motion of retinal images in the same direction between the two eyes corresponding to fronto-parallel motion (FP cells, n = 75), and the remaining cells were rather equally responsive to these types of stimuli (NS cells, n = 25). More than a half of the AP (19/30) or RC (11/18) cells were also responsive to increase or decrease in stimulus size, respectively, and they were optimally activated by a combination of the motion and size stimuli while relatively few FP and NS cells were sensitive to change in stimulus size. These findings indicate that the Clare-Bishop cells encode three-dimensional motion on the basis of photic responsiveness to the motion and size cues.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Electrophysiological and morphological correlates in the development of visual cortical circuitry in infant kittens.

Geniculate axons in cat visual cortex establish excitatory connections with cortical cells in supragranular and granular layers at birth. They are localized to the granular layer for the first month after birth. Retraction of geniculocortical synapses parallels axonal extension of spiny stellate cells to the supragranular layer and establishment of synapses for intracortical transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Serum levels and clinical evaluation of CA 19-9 in various diseases].

We evaluated the clinical significance of serum CA 19-9 in various cancers, benign diseases and healthy controls. The percentage of positive cases for CA 19-9 (higher than 37 U/ml) was 83% in pancreas cancer, 78% in biliary tract cancer and 75% in urinary tract cancer. Benign diseases showed a low frequency of positive cases for CA 19-9, and their serum levels of CA 19-9 were low. Benign diseases with high serum levels of CA 19-9 were rarely seen, but they were easy to differentiate from malignant tumors by simultaneous examination of other tumor markers. In cancer patients with high serum levels of CA 19-9, CA 19-9 showed a weak positive correlation to CEA and ferritin.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic evaluations of 36 surgical patients confirmed by noninvasive technique, mainly by two-dimensional echocardiography].

In 1983, 290 patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) underwent surgery at our institute. Among them, 36 (12%) had no preoperative catheterization or angiography. These 36 patients were categorized as group I consisting of 12 patients less than two months of age and group II consisting of 18 patients more than one year of age. The diagnosis was accurate in 34 of the 36 patients (94%). Assessment by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) was incomplete for two patients. A secundum atrial septal defect in one patient diagnosed by 2-DE, proved at surgery to be a sinus venosus type atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Another patient was diagnosed as having tetralogy of Fallot with the absent pulmonary valve by 2-DE, but anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta was also found at surgery. There were 25 operations in patients less than two months of age, and 12 (48%) of them had surgery without catheterization (Group I). Most patients in Group I were less than two weeks of age (nine patients) and six of these were operated without catheterization (pure pulmonary atresia: 2, total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: 2, interruption of the aorta: 1, tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve: 1). Another two cases had surgery after only radial artery retrograde aortic arch visualization, then, preoperative intracardiac catheterization was avoided in eight (89%) of the nine patients. Atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) patients, 25% and 69% of the cases, respectively, were operated on without catheterization. In conclusion, we can better maintain the general condition of critically-ill neonates and infants in surgery, when prompt and accurate 2-DE diagnoses are made for typical cases without catheterization and angiography. In older children of uncomplicated ASD or PDA with typical physical findings, we can avoid catheterization before surgery. If, however, information is insufficient for deciding surgery, we should carry out invasive examinations without hesitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Radioimmunoassay of human plasma apolipoprotein A-1: pretreatment of plasma with guanidine hydrochloride.

A sensitive and specific double antibody radioimmunoassay for apolipoprotein A-1 was first reported by Schonfeld and Pfleger (1). Their procedure required delipidation of the serum since direct radioimmunoassay of apolipoprotein A-1 in untreated sera resulted in much lower values than those obtained from the corresponding delipidated samples. In an attempt to find a rapid and simple procedure for radioimmunoassay of apolipoprotein A-1 without using organic solvents, the serum was subjected to various physical and chemical treatments which disrupt or alter high density lipoproteins (HDL). Heating at 52 C for 3 h and the treatments with 0.1% Triton X-100, 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 8 M urea resulted in an increased immunoreactivity of apolipoprotein A-1; the reactivity, however, was much lower than that obtained from delipidated samples. Treatment with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride for 3 h at 37 C prior to radioimmunoassay resulted in a maximal increase of apolipoprotein A-1 immunoreactivity comparable to that obtained with delipidated samples. This pretreatment permits a large number of samples to be assayed with complete recovery of apolipoprotein A-1.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗