Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Togashi

Publications and source records attributed to K Togashi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Mediastinal parathyroid cyst].

A 66-year-old woman, having no complaint, admitted our clinic, because of a mass in the right superior mediastinum detected three years ago on chest X-ray. The operation was performed through the right thoracotomy in December of 1989. The thin-walled cyst located adjacent to the trachea between superior vena cava and back bones, occupied from beneath the innominate artery to the right main bronchus. The tumor (7 x 5 x 5 cm) weighing 80 grams had a smooth surface and contained watery fluid. Histological examination showed a cyst lined a monolayer of cuboidal epithelium. The cyst wall consisted of parathyroid tissue. Mediastinal parathyroid cyst is very rare. Since the first report of DeQuervain, 15 cases have been reported. These reports are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on plasma immunoreactive human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP) levels in patients with congestive heart failure and present forms of hBNP in human cardiac ventricle].

By using a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP), we measured immunoreactive hBNP (ir-hBNP) in plasma from patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). There appeared to be relationship between the enhanced ir-hBNP secretory activity and the severity of the failing heart as well as that of immunoreactive human atrial natriuretic peptide (ir-hANP). However, the secretion of ir-hBNP was augmented much more than that of ir-hANP in sever CHF patients. Gel permeation chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that ir-hBNP in human ventricle is composed with gamma-hBNP and hBNP (1-32) as well as that of human atrium. However, we found differences of the gamma-hBNP/hBNP (1-32) ratio in atrial and ventricular tissues. These findings suggest that the hBNP secretion mechanism differ in the two areas of human heart.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A specific and highly sensitive radioimmunoassay of human brain natriuretic peptide].

We established specific and highly sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of human brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and confirmed the presence of BNP-like immunoreactivity (BNP-LI) in human circulating blood and the heart. The antibody used in this RIA did not react any known human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Gel permeation chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that BNP-LI in atrium is composed with high molecular BNP and low molecular BNP. Furthermore, dominant form of BNP-LI in human plasma was thought to be low molecular BNP. Mean concentration of BNP-LI in plasma from normal subjects was 5.9 pg/ml, which was about 5 times lower than that of ANP-LI. Mean concentration of BNP-LI in human cardiac atrium was 45.6 ng/mg protein, which was about 40-fold lower than that of ANP-LI. Furthermore, concentration of BNP-LI in human cardiac ventricle was in a range of 0.1-4.8 ng/mg protein, being about 1/20 that of cardiac atrium. These data suggest that BNP synthesized in human heart and secreted into circulation.

Heart Atria↗
PubMed1990

Brain natriuretic peptide is cosecreted with atrial natriuretic peptide from porcine cardiocytes.

Using primary cultures of atrial cardiocytes from neonatal pig, the secretion brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-like immunoreactivities (LI) was studied in vitro. Porcine cardiocytes time-dependently secreted both BNP-LI and ANP-LI into medium under a serum-free condition, although the amount of BNP-LI secreted was about one-third that of ANP-LI. Phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore had less stimulatory effects on secretion of BNP-LI than that of ANP-LI. Reverse-phase HPLC of the conditioned medium revealed a single major BNP-LI component corresponding to synthetic porcine BNP(1-26). These data suggest that a small molecular weight form BNP, possibly BNP(1-26), is cosecreted with ANP from porcine cardiocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Gallbladder carcinoma: evaluation with MR imaging.

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 19 patients with histologically proved gallbladder carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed to determine the appearance of the primary tumor, and to assess the ability of MR imaging to demonstrate the various modes of tumor spread beyond the gallbladder. The primary tumor, as well as tumor spread beyond the gallbladder, was hyperintense on T2-weighted images and hypointense on T1-weighted images when compared with the liver parenchyma. Liver invasion and metastasis could be depicted by MR imaging with both sequences, unless the tumors were small or the extent of invasion was minimal. Duodenal invasion was difficult to evaluate because of motion artifacts, paucity of fat, and partial volume effects. T1-weighted images readily demonstrated extension of the tumor to the hepatoduodenal ligament and para-aortic region with good contrast between tumor and surrounding tissue. The extent of tumor extension to the blood vessels was also easily evaluated because of flow void in the vasculature. MR imaging can help determine the extent of gallbladder carcinoma and can contribute to the staging of this disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Gynecologic tumor].

The image diagnosis of a gynecologic tumor is progressing with the propagation of magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI), fast X-ray computed tomography (CT), and transvaginal probe. We introduce you the role which an image diagnosis should play in the decision of the therapeutic plan and the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of a uterine cervical cancer, a uterine endometrial cancer, and an ovarian cancer. In a uterine cervical cancer, MRI is useful to grasp the stage and the tumor size, and contributes toward determining a therapeutic plan. In addition, we may guess the response to the therapy, and judge the existence of a residual tumor during or immediately after an irradiation or an intraarterial injection. In a uterine endometrial cancer, MRI will contribute toward demonstrating a cervical invasion and toward assessing a myometrial invasion, therefore may help us to modify a therapeutic plan. To stage an ovarian cancer, it is necessary to visualize a small disseminated lesion. However, as all imaging modalities has a limitation to reveal the small disseminated nodules, they will not replace probe laparotomy. The probability of X-ray CT to take the place of second-look operation by an improvement has been suggested. MRI is poor at the visualization of a dissemination, however it is sometimes helpful for the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of a localizing tumor with demonstrating the changes of the signal intensity. We suppose that also an image diagnosis leaves room for expectation to contribute toward deciding the therapeutic plan of an ovarian cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of the anti-T4 autoantibody cross-reacting with T3 on serum T3 level determined by RIA].

We encountered a patient who showed remarkably high binding capacities of both 125I-T4 and 125I-T3, which suggests the presence of antithyroid hormone autoantibody. However, the serum level of T3 in the patient was not abnormal. Study of the specificity of anti-thyroid autoantibody revealed that the antibody present in the patient was the anti T4 antibody, which cross-reacted with T3. In addition, the binding capacity of the T4 autoantibody with T3 was inhibited by T4. Endogenous T4 is always present when T3 is determined by radioimmunoassay. Our findings indicate that the normal T3 level in the patient was because endogenous T4 inhibited the autoantibody binding with T3.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of different parathyroid hormone radioimmunoassays in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) were measured by three different radioimmunoassays (RIA); RIA for mid-region PTH by antibody CH9 (i-PTH) (1), RIA for intact fragments of PTH (intact PTH) and RIA for C-terminal fragments of PTH (PTH-C). PTH levels were higher in CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy (hemodialysis patients) by all three methods. However, PTH levels measured only by i-PTH assay and intact PTH assay were significantly higher in patients with CRF who were not on dialysis (non-dialyzed CRF patients). PTH levels were above normal when creatinine clearance was below 45 ml/min in the intact PTH assay and 66 ml/min in the i-PTH assay. I-PTH levels were well correlated with the severity of osteitis fibrosa evaluated by the degree of periosteal resorption in the digits of hemodialysis patients. Since special handling of the sample is required for the intact PTH assay, i-PTH assay is the most suitable method for diagnosing secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with CRF.

Bone Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMed1989

Brain natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity is present in human plasma.

A highly specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for a novel porcine brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been established to elucidate whether BNP-like immunoreactivity (LI) is present in human plasma. The antibody used was specific for BNP without any crossreactivities with known human atrial natriuretic peptides (hANP). After extraction of human plasma with Sep-Pak cartridge, this assay allowed for detection of BNP-LI as low as 0.1 fmol/tube. In 12 healthy subjects, the mean concentrations of plasma BNP-LI were 1.5 fmol/ml. Reverse-phase HPLC coupled with BNP RIA revealed that the single major component with BNP-LI, corresponding to porcine BNP(1 26), was apparently distinct from that of alpha-hANP. These data indicate that a small molecular mass form with BNP-LI circulates in human blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Carcinoma of the cervix: staging with MR imaging.

Demonstration and staging of carcinoma of the cervix with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was evaluated prospectively in 67 patients with histologically proven lesions. Findings were correlated with surgical/pathologic results obtained within 2 weeks. MR imaging had an accuracy of 95% in demonstrating invasive disease (stage IB or higher). It was capable of depicting the location and extent of tumor invasion of cervical stroma and helped detect tumor beneath relatively normal epithelium or within the endocervical canal that had not been detected by means of colposcopic biopsy. The overall accuracy of MR imaging in staging carcinoma of the cervix was 76%, and in demonstrating parametrial status, the overall accuracy was 89%. In 39 patients with proven invasive disease, the accuracy in demonstrating parametrial status was 82%. In 13 of these 39 patients the low-signal-intensity stromal ring of the cervix on MR images was completely preserved and there were no false-positive results. MR imaging is a highly promising method for directly demonstrating and staging carcinoma of the cervix and seems to be capable of providing answers to crucial questions regarding mode of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enlarged uterus: differentiation between adenomyosis and leiomyoma with MR imaging.

The potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in differentiation of adenomyosis from leiomyoma was evaluated in 93 patients who had a palpable enlarged uterus that was suspect for leiomyoma or adenomyosis. In all cases, MR images were correlated with surgical/pathologic findings. Pathologic findings showed that 71 enlarged uteri were due to leiomyoma, including one leiomyosarcoma, and 16 were due to adenomyosis. The other six patients were shown to have an enlarged uterus attributable to simultaneous involvement of both lesions. On T2-weighted images, adenomyosis appeared as an ill-defined, relatively homogeneous low-signal-intensity area embedded with sparse high-intensity spots. In contrast, leiomyomas were well-circumscribed masses with a spectrum of signal intensity. The cause of uterine enlargement was correctly diagnosed with MR images in 92 of the 93 cases. It is concluded that MR imaging is highly accurate in helping to distinguish between adenomyosis and leiomyoma in cases of enlarged uterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gamna-Gandy bodies of the spleen: evaluation with MR imaging.

The authors retrospectively evaluated magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained in 64 patients with portal hypertension. Multiple low-intensity nodules were noted within the spleen in eight patients. In all eight cases, these nodules were most apparent on images obtained with the GRASS (gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state) technique, which is known to be more sensitive to heterogeneity of the magnetic susceptibility, usually caused by hemosiderin deposition. In one of these cases, ultrasonography demonstrated diffuse hyperechoic spots that had been reported to represent Gamna-Gandy bodies of the spleen (ie, organized hemorrhage caused by portal hypertension). Although there was no pathologic proof in their series, the authors believe these low-intensity nodules seen on MR images may represent the hemosiderin deposits of Gamna-Gandy bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of transfusion of irradiated blood upon cellular immune response in patients underwent open heart surgery].

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of the transfusion of blood received 1500 rad exposure upon the immune response in 14 patients underwent various type of cardiac surgery. 13 patients received known amounts banked blood and irradiated fresh blood, while one patient received a lot of amounts of banked and irradiated and non-irradiated fresh blood. The authors studied the numbers of lymphocytes as well as lymphocyte subsets such as pan-T cells, B cells, helper/inducer T cells (TH/I), cytotoxic/suppressor T cells (Tc/s), active T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and NK cell activity during two weeks after surgeries. In all 14 patients, pan-T lymphocytes decreased markedly in a few days after surgeries, but increased to higher levels on the eight postoperative day than the levels preoperatively. TH/I and TC/S lymphocytes changed on the similar pattern as pan-T lymphocytes. Active T and B cells did not change significantly in two weeks. The number and activity of NK cells gave the lowest levels on the second postoperative day and did not recover to the preoperative levels in two weeks. One patient received non-irradiated fresh blood showed the similar immune response as other 13 patients, while he gave the lower levels than others did. This patient died of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-like syndrome on the 36th postoperative day. It may be thought that the transfusion of irradiated blood would prevent the host from GVHD and gave the better effects on the immune response than that of non-irradiated blood following open-heart surgeries.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in serum parathyroid hormone levels during pregnancy].

As pregnancy poses a significant challenge to maternal calcium homeostasis, it is interesting to investigate a change in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level throughout pregnancy. PTH metabolism in pregnancy has not been clearly defined. We have made an attempt to evaluate changes in serum intact PTH level during pregnancy. Compared with nonpregnant women, serum intact PTH concentrations were decreased significantly in pregnant women during the first and the second trimester, but not during the third trimester. Nephrogenous cyclic AMP excretion, index of parathyroid function has been reported to be decreased in pregnant women during the first and second trimester, but to be in normal range in pregnant women during third trimester. Our finding consisted with these facts.

Adult↗