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Biomedical subjects

K Tani

Publications and source records attributed to K Tani.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes a glucuronic acid 2-sulfate-containing determinant in intact chondroitin sulfate chain.

Monoclonal antibodies produced against chick embryo limb bud proteoglycan (PG-M) were selected for their ability to recognize determinants on intact chondroitin sulfate chains. One of these monoclonal antibodies (IgM; designated MO-225) reacts with PG-M, chick embryo cartilage proteoglycans (PG-H, PG-Lb, and PG-Lt), and bovine nasal cartilage proteoglycan, but not with Swarm rat chondrosarcoma proteoglycan. The reactivity of PG-H to MO-225 is not affected by keratanase digestion but is completely abolished after chondroitinase digestion. Competitive binding analyses with various glycosaminoglycan samples indicate that the determinant recognized by MO-225 resides in a D-glucuronic acid 2-sulfate(beta 1----3)N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate disaccharide unit (D-unit) common to antigenic chondroitin sulfates. A tetrasaccharide trisulfate containing D-unit at the reducing end is the smallest chondroitin sulfate fragment that can inhibit the binding of the antibody to PG-H. Decreasing the size of a D-unit-rich chondroitin sulfate by hyaluronidase digestion results in progressive reduction in its inhibitory activity. The results suggest that the epitope has a requirement for a long stretch of a disaccharide-repeating structure for a better fit to the antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Human liver type pyruvate kinase: cDNA cloning and chromosomal assignment.

Pyruvate kinase (PK) has four isozymes (L,R,M1,M2) that are encoded mainly by two different genes. We isolated a cDNA clone from a Japanese adult liver lambda gt10 cDNA library by using a rat liver(L)-type PK cDNA probe. One positively hybridizing clone, hlPK-1, which contained a 1,049-base pair cDNA insert, was subjected to DNA sequence analysis. Comparisons of the sequence data with the rat PK cDNAs indicated that the cDNA encoded information for the carboxyl terminal 105 amino acids of a human L-type PK and a 3' untranslated region of 734 nucleotides. Furthermore, the karyotype analysis of several human-mouse hybrid cells and Southern blot analysis of DNAs of the hybrids with a hlPK-1 indicated that the human L-type PK gene is located on chromosome 1.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Activity of blood coagulation factor XIII as a prognostic indicator in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Efficacy of factor XIII substitution.

UNLABELLED: Determination of coagulation Factor XIII (F XIII)-related parameters in 21 patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura documented a significant decrease of F XIII activity as well as of the F XIII-related antigenic determinants. Subgroup analysis with regard to the clinical symptoms showed an even further decrease of these parameters in patients with gastrointestinal complications. Stimulated by these findings a substitution therapy with a F XIII concentrate was initiated in those patients whose F XIII activity in plasma remained low and who developed severe abdominal pain accompanied by persisting gastrointestinal bleeding. This therapeutic approach not only corrected the laboratory data, but more important led to a cessation of pain and bleeding. A rapid decrease of F XIII levels after transfusion below 40 U/ml was indicative of relapse of abdominal symptoms, while increasing values were associated with the recovery of the patients. IN CONCLUSION: F XIII activity determinations appear to have a predictive value in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura, and the administration of F XIII concentrates may contribute to the improvement of gastrointestinal complications.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[A phase II study of vindesine for pretreated non-small cell lung cancer].

A phase II evaluation of vindesine (VDS) was performed in 16 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (ten patients with adenocarcinoma, six patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient with large cell carcinoma). All except one of the patients had had prior chemotherapy. VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 was given intravenously every week for more than three weeks. Among 16 evaluable patients, two patients with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for VDS was 12.5%. Toxic effects included leukopenia (94%), anemia (44%), thrombopenia (13%), alopecia (38%), peripheral neurotoxicity (38%), liver injury (19%), constipation (13%), anorexia (13%), nausea (13%), stomatitis (6%) and fever (6%).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (PG-M) synthesized before chondrogenesis in the limb bud of chick embryo.

Extraction of stage 22-23 chick embryo limb buds that had been metabolically labeled with [35S]sulfate yielded heparan sulfate proteoglycan, small chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (designated PG-M). PG-M constituted over 60% of the total macromolecular [35S]sulfates. It was larger in hydrodynamic size, richer in protein, and contained fewer chondroitin sulfate chains as compared to the predominant proteoglycan (PG-H, Mr congruent to 1.5 X 10(6)) of chick embryo cartilage. The chondroitin sulfate chains were notable for their large size (Mr greater than or equal to 60,000) and high content of nonsulfated chondroitin units (about 20% of the total hexosamine). Hexosamine-containing chains corresponding in size to N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides were also present. The core protein was rich in serine, glutamic acid (glutamine), and glycine which together comprised about 38% of the total amino acids. Following chondroitinase AC II (or ABC) digestion, core molecules were obtained which migrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis as a doublet of bands with approximately Mr = 550,000 (major) and 500,000, respectively. The Mr = 550,000 core glycoprotein was structurally different from the core glycoprotein (Mr congruent to 400,000) of PG-H, as ascertained by tryptic peptide mapping and immunochemical criteria. Immunofluorescent localization of PG-M showed that the intensity of PG-M staining progressively became higher in the core mesenchyme region than in the peripheral loose mesenchyme, closely following the condensation of mesenchymal cells. Since the cell condensation process has been shown to begin with the increase of fibronectin and type I collagen concentration, the similar change in PG-M distribution suggests that PG-M plays an important role in the cell condensation process by means of its interaction with fibronectin and type I collagen.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of monoclonal antibodies which possess the same characteristics as the naturally occurring thymocytotoxic autoantibodies (NTA).

Autoantibody-secreting hybrid cell lines were obtained by fusion of spleen cells from unimmunized (NZB X NZW) F1 mice with the HAT-sensitive mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0-Ag14. Eight hybridoma cell lines producing autoantibodies to mouse thymocytes were cloned and the resultant antibodies were partially characterized. All eight monoclonal antibodies lysed mouse thymocytes in the presence of rabbit complement. The anti-thymocyte cytotoxic antibody activities were absorbed with thymocytes, lymph node cells, unfractionated spleen cells, and splenic T cells; but not with bone marrow cells, splenic B cells, or homogenates of mouse kidney, liver, or striated muscle cells. In addition, the cytotoxic activities of culture supernatants from seven of the eight hybrid clones were absorbed with mouse brain tissue homogenates. Isotyping of the monoclonal antibodies revealed that five were IgM and three were IgG2a. Mouse thymocytes sensitized with each of the eight monoclonal antibodies in vitro became highly susceptible to phagocytosis by syngeneic macrophages. The monoclonal antithymocyte antibodies, thus, appear to be similar to the naturally occurring, (NZB X NZW) F1 thymocytotoxic autoantibodies (NTA) described by Shirai et al.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome in Japan.

An epidemiological survey of Lesch-Nyhan (L-N) syndrome in Japan was carried out. In the first survey, questionnaires were mailed to the pediatric departments of the university hospitals, homes for mentally retarded children, and city and county medical associations. This study disclosed 41 patients with L-N syndrome and 48 with suspected L-N syndrome. In the second survey, questionnaires were mailed to the institutes that reported cases or suspected cases of L-N syndrome. In 29 of these cases, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) activity in the patients' erythrocytes was measured. Three cases were confirmed to be L-N syndrome in this study. Among the other confirmed cases, the activities of HPRT had already been determined in 23 cases. In addition to these cases, 10 cases have been reported in the literature, and 16 cases were considered to be with L-N syndrome from their typical clinical features without any determination of HPRT activity.

Adolescent↗