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Biomedical subjects

K Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to K Takagi.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Japanese cancer--retrospective and prospective views--gastric cancer].

Based on gastric cancer subjected to surgical operation over the past thirty-five years (1946-1980) at the Surgical Department of Cancer Institute Hospital, the trend of Japanese gastric cancer is reviewed in respect to its diagnosis, treatment and pathological features. In addition, prospective view in this field is presented. The most outstanding feature observed during the thirty-five years is the increase in incidence of early gastric cancer. The frequency of early gastric cancer among surgically treated gastric cancer was as low as only 2% in 1950s, but increased to 35% in 1980s. In parallel, surgical results of gastric cancer improved from 40% to 64% in terms of 5-year survival rate. It is attributable to the efforts by Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer performing extensive overview of the results of gastrectomy and also to the Progress in diagnosis of gastric Cancer. Gastric ulcer and gastric polyp were emphasized in 1950s from the viewpoint of precancerous condition, but from the studies of malignant cycle and borderline lesion--atypical epithelium--it has been proved that gastric ulcer and gastric polyp rarely develop malignant change. At present, gastric ulcer and polyp are considered to be a clue to the discovery of early gastric cancer. Recently, the number of aged patients with gastric cancer have increased remarkably, indicating a serious diagnostic problem in the near future. Further endeavor at early detection of gastric cancer should be made, so that early gastric cancer will be over 50% of operative gastric cancer. The author believes it will lead to overcome gastric cancer.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of 4-(4'-chlorobenzyloxy) benzyl nicotinate (KCD-232) on lipid metabolism in rats and mice].

The hypolipidemic properties of KCD-232[4-(4'-chlorobenzyloxy) benzyl nicotinate], a new compound, were studied in rats fed a basal diet and mice fed a high-cholesterol diet with the following results: KCD-232 reduced serum cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) levels in a dose-dependent manner (20 approximately 160 mg/kg/day) in rats fasted for 16 hr. KCD-232 significantly reduced (LDL + VLDL)-CH and decreased the (LDL + VLDL)-CH/HDL-CH ratio designated as the "atherogenic index" unlike clofibrate which was used as a reference. KCD-232 slightly increased relative liver weight, but not in the dose-dependent manner of clofibrate. KCD-232 also inhibited the elevation of serum CH level in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet in a dose-dependent manner, and this inhibitory effect was more pronounced than those of clofibrate and nicotinic acid (NA). Liver CH and fatty acid (FA) synthesis from [1-14C] acetate were inhibited both in vitro and in vivo in rats orally administered KCD-232. Clofibrate also decreased CH synthesis, whereas it increased FA synthesis. NA had no effect on either synthesis. After oral administration of [4-14C] cholesterol to rats that were cannulated into the thoracic-duct lymph, KCD-232 markedly depressed the appearance of 14C-cholesterol in lymph. KCD-232 induced no proliferation of hepatic peroxisomes in rats, unlike clofibrate. The detailed hypolipidemic mechanism of KCD-232 is not yet clear, but as shown, it decreased CH synthesis in the liver, exogenous CH absorption from the intestine and FA synthesis in the liver. These results suggest that the serum lipid-lowering profiles of KCD-232 differ from those of clofibrate and NA.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Problems on the treatment of early pancreatic cancer].

Surgical results on pancreatic cancer are extremely unsatisfactory, therefore early diagnosis is the most urgent problem. The definition and frequency of early pancreatic cancer were discussed. We developed a screening method for detection of early cancer of the pancreas. As a results of endeavor at early detection of pancreatic cancer mainly by screening method, nine (35%) of 26 curative resected cases encountered in the four years from 1978 through 1981, were found to be early pancreatic cancer. Out of 9 cases with cancer localized in the pancreas without metastasis, one case died after 4 years and 6 months, and remaining 8 cases have survived for 22 to 48 months. These cases could be called early pancreatic cancer. In most cases, cancer of the pancreatic head discovered through jaundice is advanced cases with bad prognosis, so it is the most important to detect early pancreatic cancer by our screening method, before appearance of jaundice.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Palytoxin isolated from marine coelenterates. The inhibitory action on (Na,K)-ATPase.

Palytoxin (PTX), C129H223N3O54, a highly toxic substance isolated from zoanthids of Palythoa tuberculosa, inhibited (Na,K)-ATPase (ATP phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.3) prepared from guinea pig heart and hog cerebral cortex in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations greater than 10(-8) M. In the presence of Na (100 mM) and K (20 mM), PTX showed potency nearly equal to that of ouabain. When the ATPase was activated by the various Na concentrations at a constant K concentration, both PTX and ouabain inhibited the ATPase activity noncompetitively. On the other hand, when K concentration was changed at a constant Na concentration, PTX caused a competitive inhibition in all ranges of K concentrations employed, whereas ouabain caused a competitive inhibition at low concentrations and a noncompetitive inhibition at high concentrations.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1983

Experimental investigation on the effect of some temporal factors of nonsteady noise on annoyance.

The effects of some temporal factors of nonsteady noise on annoyance was investigated by means of six experiments. The factors are rising speed, fluctuation speed, fluctuation frequency, and fluctuation deviation. The results show that the ratio of annoyance and the rising speed are in linear relation in log-log coordinates and the annoyance increase with the increase of rising speed from 25 to 1000 dB/s corresponds to the increase of sound pressure level of 2.6 dB. The fluctuation speed, the fluctuation frequency, and the fluctuation deviation have little effect on annoyance provided the equivalent sound level (Leq) is constant. The validity of some rating scales of fluctuating noise is discussed on the basis of the present experimental results.

Attitude↗
PubMed1983

Human alpha 1-microglobulin levels in neurological disorders.

The concentration of alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m) in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) was measured in 121 patients with various neurological disorders. Using single radial immunodiffusion, its serum level was determined. No significant difference was found between the patients (29.1 +/- 4.3 mg/l; mean +/- 1 SD) and normal control group (23.7 +/- 4.6 mg/l). The level of CSF alpha 1-m was determined by the radioimmunoassay of solid antibody system. Its CSF level in the control group was 34.8 +/- 16.0 micrograms/l, while it was significantly increased in the patients with viral meningitis (p less than 0.01) and cerebral infarct (p less than 0.05). The level was also elevated in some cases of brain tumor, bacterial meningitis, cerebral hemorrhage, cervical spondylosis, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. There was a positive correlation between alpha 1-m and albumin levels in CSF. The analysis by CSF/serum albumin ratio and alpha 1-m ratio suggested that the increase of alpha 1-m in CSF could be explained mainly by an increase in permeability of the serum alpha 1-m through damaged blood brain barrier under these pathological conditions. Its local production within the central nervous system, however, could not be ruled out in these disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Human alpha 1-microglobulin in various hepatic disorders.

Human alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m) levels were studied in the sera and urine of patients with various liver diseases. In patients with acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis it was almost within the normal range. A significant decrease of serum alpha 1-m, however, was demonstrated in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.05) as well as in those with decompensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.001). The most striking decrease was noted in patients with fulminant hepatitis (p less than 0.001). Its concentration in hepatoma was generally within the normal range, but there was 1 hepatoma case with the high concentration of alpha 1-m. Serum alpha 1-m levels correlated significantly with serum albumin, plasma fibrinogen and cholinesterase activity. As compared with the level in normal individuals, the patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis had significantly low urinary alpha 1-m (p less than 0.005), reflecting the findings for sera. These results indicated that the liver plays an important role in alpha 1-m synthesis, and its quantitation may be used for evaluating severe liver damage.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1983

Intraduodenally administered 14C-urokinase in Macaca Irus revealed by autoradiography.

Intraduodenally administered 14C-urokinase (14C-UK) was located in Macaca Irus by autoradiography. Sagittal sections, approximately 40 micron thick, of a frozen monkey were applied against X-ray films. Autoradiograms thus obtained indicated that a part of intraduodenally administered 14C-UK was incorporated into the systemic blood circulation by transintestinal mucosal membrane.

Animals↗