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Biomedical subjects

K Takada

Publications and source records attributed to K Takada.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Comparative study of affective disorders in three Asian countries. I. Differences in diagnostic classification.

A study aimed at the standardization of symptom evaluation of patients with depression was carried out as the first step in an extensive collaborative study on affective disorders between centers in Nagasaki, Shanghai and Seoul. This study was initiated in order to clarify the factors affecting the low reported prevalence rates of depressive disorders in Asia. No significant difference in evaluation of psychiatric symptoms was observed between the 3 centers. Nevertheless, the diagnoses given by ICD-9 showed very interesting differences. For any given case, Nagasaki tended to make a diagnosis of an affective psychosis depression, while Shanghai made a diagnosis of neurotic disorder. No significant tendency was observed in the Seoul center. These findings are discussed in terms of their importance for future international collaborative studies.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1988

Chemical and structural studies of serotype polysaccharide antigens of Streptococcus sobrinus 6715.

The g antigen of Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 was previously shown to consist of polysaccharides of various molecular weights. In this study, two such polysaccharides, LII and LIII, were purified by gel filtration and affinity chromatography procedures. By a double immunodiffusion analysis, fraction LII was found to contain a region in the serotype-specific g site not present in the serospecific g site of fraction LIII. This region was designated x. In addition to the serotype-specific g site, the cross-reactive sites, g-a, g-d, and g-(a-d), were all present on a single molecule of fractions LII and LIII. Polysaccharides LII and LIII were composed of galactose, glucose, and rhamnose. Analysis of inhibition of the precipitin reaction suggested that the serotype g site of fraction LII (the putative form of g antigen) may consist of two immunodominant regions, one a galactose-containing region (region x) and the other a glucose-containing region, while the serotype g site of fraction LIII appeared to have one immunodominant region containing a glucose determinant. The methylation and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of LII and LIII fractions provided information on the linkage and the anomeric structures of the sugar components of the polysaccharides.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

The effect of cigarette smoke on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in hamsters.

To investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on the development of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in hamsters, four experimental groups were studied: a control group (C), a cigarette smoke-inhaled group (T), a BLM-administered group (B), and a cigarette smoke-inhaled plus BLM-administered group (TB). Groups T and TB were exposed to sidestream smoke of cigarettes for 30 min/day, 5 days/wk. Groups B and TB were administered 0.5 mg BLM hydrochloride per 100 g body weight endotracheally once on day 30 (Day 0) after housing start. Quantitative morphometry of the lungs revealed that Group TB showed less lung fibrotic change compared with Group B, but based on qualitative observation, the fibrotic lesions of Group TB were intermingled with slight emphysematous changes. Neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were remarkably increased in both the groups, with a peak on Day 1, but the increase in Group TB lasted longer. Alveolar macrophages were increased in both smoking groups (T and TB) compared to the non-smoking groups (C and B). These results suggest that cigarette smoke reduces BLM-induced lung fibrotic changes; however, it simultaneously causes derangement of alveolar architecture. The persistence of increased neutrophils in the early phase after BLM accompanied by exposure to cigarette smoke may play an important role in the mechanism by which smoke ameliorates the effect of BLM.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of diltiazem on rheological properties of human blood.

The in vitro effects of diltiazem (DTZ), a coronary vasodilator, deacetyldiltiazem (D-M1), one of the metabolites of DTZ, and pentoxifylline (PTF) which is known to improve erythrocyte deformation, on the viscosity of platelet poor blood were compared. Furthermore the change in the viscosity of whole blood from patients with effort angina after intravenous administration of DTZ was examined ex vivo. The addition of DTZ into platelet poor blood at 37 degrees C caused a rapid reduction in blood viscosity and an enhancement of erythrocyte deformability within 5 min, which then diminished in a time-dependent manner. Similar effects were also found by adding D-M1. On the other hand, the effects of PTF appeared after an incubation period of more than 60 min and were enhanced in a time-dependent manner. These actions of PTF, but not those of DTZ and D-M1, paralleled the increase of erythrocyte adenosine-triphosphate content. DTZ and D-M1, but not PTF, had biphasic effects on the osmotic behavior of erythrocytes. Whole blood viscosity was reduced significantly during the period 5-30 min after intravenous administration of 10 mg of DTZ, which diminished with the elimination of plasma DTZ. In conclusion, the action mechanisms involved in the effect of DTZ and D-M1 on blood rheological properties appeared to be different from that of PTF. These effects of DTZ are clinically significant in improving the flow properties of blood in vascular diseases.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Biological and pharmaceutical factors affecting the absorption and lymphatic delivery of ciclosporin A from gastrointestinal tract.

Absorption site and some biological and pharmaceutical factors affecting the absorption and transport of ciclosporin A (CiA) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract into both the thoracic lymphatics and the systemic circulation have been studied in rats. In a group of rats whose gastric emptying of orally administered CiA in HCO-60 formulation, 7.0 mg/kg, was physically prevented, both the lymphatic and the systemic availabilities of CiA were negligibly low. CiA was orally administered to another group of rats whose major intestinal lymphatics as well as thoracic lymph ducts were cannulated, and it was revealed that the amount of CiA delivered to the major intestinal lymphatics was about six times greater than that of CiA transferred into the thoracic lymphatics. In bile fistulous rats, the systemic availability of CiA was predominantly decreased but the lymphatic availability was not so decreased. In contrast, solvents such as propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol affected both the systemic and the lymphatic availabilities of CiA, which were also dependent on the absorption site. In particular, the lower small intestine does not contribute to the lymphatic availability of CiA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

A case of primary liver cell cancer complicating lupoid hepatitis.

We report a male patient with lupoid hepatitis who developed primary liver cell cancer 8 years after the onset of lupoid hepatitis. Primary liver cell cancer is thought to be a rare complication of lupoid hepatitis. To our knowledge, this complication has been previously reported in only 6 patients. The etiology of chronic active hepatitis is not known, but is strongly suspected to be associated with an autoimmune mechanism. There is evidence of an increased incidence of malignancy in other forms of autoimmune disease, and this may represent a further contributing factor to the development of primary liver cell cancer in cases of chronic active hepatitis.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Dietary vitamin E supplement does not inhibit changes in lung pressure-volume characteristics produced by bleomycin in hamsters.

We tested the hypothesis that a dietary supplement of vitamin E (VE) may lessen changes in pulmonary pressure-volume characteristics induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. Ninety-nine male hamsters were separated into a control group (C), a VE supplement group (E), a control plus bleomycin group (CB) and a VE supplement plus bleomycin group (EB). Animals were killed at 30, 40, 55, 70 and 90 days and the pressure-volume curves of their lungs, both air-filled and saline-filled, were determined. Bleomycin was instilled on the thirtieth day. Lung volumes, compliance and curve-fitting data were compared. The mean serum VE concentration was 17.5 micrograms.ml-1 in groups E and EB as compared to 5.7 micrograms.ml-1 in groups C and CB. Despite the remarkably high VE content, no significant difference was found between groups CB and EB for the parameters compared.

Animals↗