Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Tabuchi.
We report a 55-year-old male with cerminous adenoma originating in the osseous part of the right external auditory canal, and describe the clinical features and surgical treatment.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Endospecy (a lyophilized mixture of factor G-free limulus coagulation enzymes and chromogenic substrate, Boc-Leu-Gly-Arg-pNA) coupled with modified perchloric acid (PCA) pretreatment was carried out for the quantitative measurement of endotoxin in canine plasma. The endotoxin recovery from normal canine plasma was 99.9 +/- 7.7% (n = 20). The full recovery of endotoxin illustrated the applicability of the modified PCA pretreatment to the Endospecy in removal of interfering factors in a canine plasma. The normal canine plasma endotoxin level was less than 3.0 pg.ml-1 when Escherichia coli 0111:B4 endotoxin was used as a reference. The canine plasma endotoxin levels were markedly high(1-40 ng.ml-1) at 5 min after intravenous administration of 25 micrograms.Kg-1 (total 150-200 micrograms).
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to study the patterns of termination of somatic afferent fibers innervating oral and facial structures within the principal nucleus (Vp), nucleus oralis (Vo), and nucleus interpolaris (Vi). The primary trigeminal afferent fibers that innervate the oral cavity supplied by the pterygopalatine, superior alveolar, lingual, buccal, and inferior alveolar branches, as well as the facial skin supplied by the frontal, corneal, zygomatic, infraorbital, auriculotemporal, mylohyoid, and mental branches, were traced in this experiment. The results show that trigeminal afferent nerves that innervate the oral cavity project mainly to the principal nucleus, the rostrodorsomedial part (Vo.r) and dorsomedial division (Vo.dm) of pars oralis, and the dorsomedial region of pars interpolaris, while an extensive overlap of projections is found in the Vo.r, Vo.dm, and rostral Vi. The central processes of fibers innervating the anterior face (i.e., mental, infraorbital, and frontal nerves) terminate in the ventral division of principalis (Vpv), caudal region pars oralis (Vo.c), and ventrolateral Vi, with the largest numbers of terminals being found in the Vpv and Vi. In contrast, the central projection patterns of the corneal, zygomatic, mylohyoid, and auriculotemporal afferents are different from those of other afferent nerves examined, and present a discrete projection to the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex (TSNC). The corneal, mylohyoid, and auriculotemporal afferents mainly project to the restricted regions of principalis and caudal Vi, while zygomatic afferent nerve fibers project to the caudal third of pars interpolaris. The typical somatotopic organization with the face of the mouth open inverted is represented in the rostrocaudal midlevels of the Vpv and caudal pars interpolaris. The Vpd receives topographical projection from primary afferent nerves that innervate the oral structure only, while this projection was organized in a complicated manner. The relationship between the functional segregation and the cytoarchitectonic differentiation of the TSNC is discussed, particularly with respect to this somatotopic organization, combined with the characteristics of projecting cells in the TSNC.
The cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of prostaglandin (PG)D2 on human and rat glioma cells were studied in vitro, and the morphological changes occurring in glioma cells following PGD2 treatment were investigated by light and electron microscopy. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by both colony formation assay and cell growth inhibition. The cytokinetic effect was analyzed by DNA histogram using a flow cytometer. It was found that PGD2 had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the glioma cells and that rat C6 cells were less sensitive to PGD2 than human KY cells. Within 24h after treatment of KY cells with PGD2, a time-dependent cytotoxic effect was also observed. However, the effect of PGD2 on glioma cells was reversible at lower concentration. Investigation of KY cells treated with 2.5 micrograms/ml of PGD2 revealed that the cells in S and G2 + M phases gradually decreased in number and subsequently almost all cells were accumulated in the G0 + G1 phase 12 h later. However, no chronological change of the DNA histogram was obvious in the cells treated with a relatively high concentration of PGD2 (10 micrograms/ml). On the other hand, the treated cells showed more severe morphological changes at a higher concentration of PGD2. Glioma cells treated with PGD2 became round with cytoplasmic vacuolization and blebbing. Thus, PGD2 appears to be useful as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent for malignant glioma.
Cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of Cisplatin (cisdiamminedichloroplatinum) on cultured human and rat glioma cells (KY and C6) were studied both in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxic or cytostatic effect was evaluated by either colony formation assay or inhibition rate of cell growth. The cytokinetic effects were analyzed by DNA histogram using a flow cytometer. It was found that the cytotoxic effect of Cisplatin on the cultured glioma cells was dose-dependent, and that human KY cells and rat C6 cells had similar sensitivity to Cisplatin. Within 24 hours after treatment of KY cells with Cisplatin, a time-dependent effect was observed, but the cytotoxic effect of Cisplatin in the medium decreased rapidly. Investigation of chronological changes in the DNA histogram of KY cells treated with 0.2 microgram/ml Cisplatin revealed that cell-cycle progression was delayed in the S-phase and blocked at the S-G2 + M boundary 18 hours later. KY tumors subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg/kg/day Cisplatin for 10 days and the tumors markedly regressed by 65% of their wet weight.
A case of combined trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia is described. The superior cerebellar artery and normal choroid plexus compressed and indented the root entry zones of the trigeminal and glossopharyngeal nerves, respectively. Complete relief was obtained after microvascular decompression and resection of the choroid plexus.
We established mathematical models for the cell variation seen in a heterogeneous malignant cell population, with the supposition that it occurs as the result of the competition between two types of cells, (A) and (B), leading to a change of stem cells. Models I and II: In the case of differences in the ability of (A) and (B) cells to adapt themselves to an environment, the proportion of cells which are less adaptable to the environment decreases exponentially and eventually disappears. Model III supposes that under certain environmental conditions, the two types of cells exist simultaneously in fixed proportions, and transformations of (B) cell to (A) cell and of (A) cell to (B) cell occur at a certain rate but are independent of each other. This process is considered to follow the Markov's chain theory. Based on this supposition, we established Model III and introduced the concept of "coefficient of cell variation". We found that Model III fits the process of cell variation seen in m cell line and we calculated the coefficients of cell variation seen in this cell line in different environments. The possible mechanism of the cell variation of this cell line is discussed.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A retrospective analysis of 21 cases of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is reported. All patients presented with a solitary mass in the supratentorial region. None had previously received immunosuppressive therapy. Neuroradiological studies included technetium-99m-pertechnetate brain scanning in eight cases, cerebral arteriography in all 21 cases, and computerized tomography (CT) in 14 cases. The characteristic features were increased uptake in brain scans, mass effect in arteriograms, and marked contrast enhancement on CT scans. Abnormal tumor vessels were occasionally seen on arteriography, and subtraction films were usually required to appreciate tumor stain. All patients underwent craniotomy, and histological studies of the tumors showed a diffuse type of lymphoma in all cases. Immunoglobulin testing was performed in 19 cases and a monoclonal spike was verified in 10, suggesting a B cell origin. All patients were followed until their death except one who was still alive 12 months from onset of symptoms. Therapy included subtotal resection in all 21 cases, whole-brain irradiation in six cases, chemotherapy in two cases, and a combination of whole-brain irradiation and chemotherapy in nine cases. Three different forms of chemotherapy were used. The results suggest that chemotherapy is an important addition to subtotal resection and whole-brain irradiation in the treatment of primary CNS lymphoma.
A brain-tumor model in adult monkeys may be significant because of the biological similarity to humans as well as the feasibility for surgical manipulation and for sequential computerized tomography (CT) scanning. In the present study, brain tumors were successfully produced in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata), each weighing 2 to 10.8 kg, with an average age of 5.1 years old. Tumor cells were implanted by intracerebral inoculation of 4 X 10(7) chick embryo fibroblasts infected with the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV). With a 15- to 67-day latency, brain tumors were induced in 11 (73.3%) of 15 RSV-inoculated monkeys. Contrast-enhanced CT scans delineated all solitary intracerebral tumors greater than 4 to 6 mm in diameter. The CT images were proved at autopsy to be accurate within 2 mm in determining the size of tumor. Five of the 11 monkeys with intracerebral tumors died, with an average survival time of 26.6 days after RSV inoculation. The induced tumors were classified as either glioma or sarcoma by the presence or absence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein. A chromosome analysis of cultured tumor cells showed a diploid number of 42, indicating monkey origin. It is concluded that the reproducible brain tumor in the adult Japanese monkey inoculated with RSV can serve as a good experimental brain-tumor model for the further study of human malignant brain tumors.
Ganglioglioma is a rare brain tumor which occurs in an infant and young adult. The term "ganglioglioma" was originally proposed by Ewing in 1926 and subsequently adopted by Courville in 1930. Histogenesis of ganglioglioma is still speculative, but the hypothesis that ganglioglioma is derived from hamartomatous sympathetic neurons is generally thought to be probable. Gangliogliomas of the brain arise frequently from the temporal lobe, frontal lobe, cerebellum and spinal cord. Its growth is gradual and clinically it is a benign tumor, but its malignant transformation has been reported. Ganglioglioma is a tumor composed of both neuronal and glial cells, but the ratio of these two-cell components varies a great deal from case to case and in different areas even of the same tumor. The authors experienced a cerebellar ganglioglioma in an infant which was successfully removed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of the biopsy specimen have been done. That is, histopathological staining with H-E (hematoxylin eosin), PTAH (phosphotangustic acid hematoxylin), cresyl-violet and Bodian, and electron microscopical studies were performed. Also the authors immunohistochemically examined the presence or absence of GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), NSE (neuron specific enolase), S-100 alpha and beta subunits. Histopathologically, the authors could find nerve fiber, glial fiber and identify neuronal cells which had Nisslgranules in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopically the authors could distinguish the neuronal cells which had large nuclei and prominant nucleoli from the glial cells which had processes filled with intermediate glial filaments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
It is generally accepted that the metastases of intracranial glioma to extracranial location are rare. In such a case the minimal criteria proposed originally by Weiss should usually be satisfied if a report is to be considered as an acceptable case of metastasizing central nervous system glioma outside the central nervous system. We report a case of glioblastoma multiforme, fulfilling Weiss' criteria, metastasizing the spinal epidural space. The patient was a 32-year-old male, who underwent craniotomy and subtotal removal of a glioblastoma multiforme in the left parietooccipital area. He was additionally treated with irradiation and chemotherapeutic agents. Twelve months after the craniotomy, he was admitted again to our clinic because of sudden onset of severe lumbago, paraplegia and urinary disturbance. Diagnosis of a spinal epidural tumor was made and laminectomy (Th10-L1) was performed. At operation, an epidural mass was found, however no invasion to the spinal cord or dura was noted. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was glioblastoma multiforme. Although he was treated with radiation, pulmonary metastasis was manifested one month later, and the condition of the patient deteriorated. He died 21 months after the first operation and 8 months after the second operation. Even at the terminal stage, his consciousness was clear without any sign for recurrence of intracranial tumor. The general autopsy was done and multiple metastatic lesions of glioblastoma multiforme in paratracheal and paraaortic lymph node, left pleura, both lungs and spinal cord were observed. The present case suggests that the surgical intervention, irradiation, and chemotherapy may contribute to extracranial metastasis of a glioblastoma.
The authors investigated the immunohistochemical localization of S-100 protein in normal human brain and glioblastoma tissues by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase method of Sternberger. In normal human brain the positive immunoperoxidase reaction for S-100 protein was observed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Bergmann's glial cells and epithelial cells of choroid plexus. No positive staining was revealed in any cortical neurons. Immunoelectron-microscopically, the electron dense positive reaction for S-100 protein was seen throughout the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm and cell processes of astrocyte as well as oligodendrocyte. The positive reaction for S-100 protein was demonstrated occasionally in association with cytoplasmic membrane or the membrane constituting cell organelles. We suspect that this observation indicates the existence of membrane-bound form of S-100 protein. In glioblastoma cells, the positive reaction for S-100 protein was relatively weak in intensity as compared with astrocytes, and the degree of positive staining varied from cell to cell. Subcellular localization of S-100 protein in glioblastoma seemed to be essentially similar to that of normal astrocyte. There are some recent reports concerning immunohistochemical localization of alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein. As compared with these reports, the present immunohistochemical results indicate that the rabbit anti-S-100 antibody embloyed in the present study is mainly against beta subunit of S-100 protein. Although there have been many reports concerning immunohistochemical localization of S-100 protein, the biological role of S-100 protein is still speculative. Some hypotheses are advocated in connection with the possible biological role of S-100 protein. For example, the modulation of synaptic transmission by S-100 protein, the participation of S-100 protein in hormonal secretion and in transport of cations through lipid membrane, the activation of protein kinase and the promotion of disassembly of microtubules by S-100 protein are postulated. It is hard to assume the biological role of S-100 protein based on the immunohistochemical results alone. The present study clearly indicates that S-100 protein exists widely in the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane, outer membranes of cell organelles and cell processes of glial cells as well as glioblastoma cells. From these results we assume that S-100 protein plays an important role of intracellular transport of cations as one of the calcium binding proteins.