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Biomedical subjects

K Tabuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Tabuchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Nucleolar organizer regions in various human brain tumors.

Nucleolar organizer regions (NOR's) are loops of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which transcribe to ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) by RNA polymerase I. They possess vital significance in the ultimate synthesis of cellular proteins. A silver colloid staining technique for demonstration of NOR-associated proteins (Ag-NOR's) was applied to paraffin-embedded sections from 128 varied brain tumors and to chromosomal preparations from cultured brain-tumor cells. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean number of Ag-NOR's per nucleus between low-grade tumors (1.98/nucleus) and high-grade tumors (2.95/nucleus). It is suggested that the mean number of Ag-NOR's may represent the proliferative potential of brain tumors. Furthermore, high-grade tumors usually showed relatively large Ag-NOR's in a scattered distribution. In chromosomal preparations, the cultured cells displayed five to 12 Ag-NOR's on acrocentric chromosomes. Five of eight cell lines examined demonstrated ectopic Ag-NOR's. This simple staining technique can be easily applied to routinely processed paraffin-embedded sections and will become a useful tool for quick estimation of the proliferative potential of human brain tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Radiology of trigeminal neuralgia--with special reference to CT findings].

CT findings in ninety-nine patients with trigeminal neuralgia were reviewed. Brain tumors including three trigeminal neurinomas, three meningiomas, one epidermoid, one acoustic neurinoma, were found in eight cases as a cause of symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia. Among seventy-nine patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, four cases had vascular decompression surgery because of the tortuous, ectatic or anomalous vertebrobasilar artery. Among the other seventy-five non-surgical cases, seventeen cases showed the tortuous and/or ectatic vertebrobasilar artery on CT, and this group of patients showed slightly higher recurrence rate of trigeminal neuralgia after nerve block or medication compared with other non-surgical patients. CT is thought to be a useful screening imaging modality for evaluation of patients with trigeminal neuralgia, and angiography is required for precise evaluation of the compressing vessels when surgical treatment is contemplated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Modified rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) for advanced osteoarthritis of the hip joint in the middle-aged person. First report.

Classical methods for pelvic osteotomy, such as those of Salter, Pemberton, Chiari, and Wagner, have been developed for reconstruction of the subluxed hip joint in children and young adults. Regarding pelvic osteotomy involving a middle-aged patient, however, there are not as many operation methods to consider, and it is difficult to choose the most suitable technique for alleviating advanced osteoarthritis. Based on current practice, total hip replacement (THR) seems the accepted method, though it presents problems such as loosening, sinking, and infections; because of these factors physicians hesitate to recommend THR surgery, particularly if the patient is otherwise healthy and appears to have many good years ahead of him. As an alternative, we have been developing and improving the acetabular osteotomy, based on Tagawa's rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) and Wagner's acetabular osteotomy (type II). In this paper we present the results of a modified RAO operation performed on 50 middle-aged patients with an average age of 42 years and 2 months (31-61). The average follow-up was 3 years and 3 months (1-9 years). In 82% of patients the result was satisfactory (41 of 50 cases). A similar osteotomy technique has been used by Eppright and Wagner. We feel that our method achieves a more favorable result for an older patient with severe osteoarthritis, since both the surgery and the follow-up rehabilitation are more comprehensive. A modified acetabular osteotomy should not be regarded as merely an alternative to total hip replacement, but as the preferred choice for hip-joint reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Auditory brainstem responses before and after shunting in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were studied in 15 adults with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) before and after shunting. The patients were divided into Groups A (shunt-ineffective) and B (shunt-effective). The pre- and postoperative ABRs of each patient were compared with those of 20 normal volunteers, and the relationships between ABRs and certain clinical findings were investigated. Preoperatively, nine patients (60%) showed prolonged central conduction time (CCT) (interpeak latency of wave I-V or neural-axonal conduction time) relative to the mean control value plus 2 SD. There was no significant difference between Groups A and B in the percentage of patients with abnormal CCT, and no specific ABR abnormalities that were predictive of the efficacy of shunting. However, a significantly higher percentage of Group B patients (p less than 0.05) showed a postoperative reduction in the CCT of more than 1 SD of the mean control value. In Group A, the CCT was positively correlated with preoperative clinical disability. These results suggest that brainstem dysfunction may be reversed by shunting, but is not correlated with clinical disability in patients in whom shunting is effective, that is, in those with NPH. It appears that measurement of ABRs is a useful technique for the clinical monitoring of shunted patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Spontaneous resolution of multiple hemangiomas of the brain. Case report.

A case of multiple intracerebral hemangiomas is reported. The lesions were angiographically hypervascular and accompanied by marked perifocal brain edema. After removal of the main lesion and postoperative steroid administration, the rest of the lesions resolved spontaneously. Histologically, the lesion was composed of capillaries and fibromyxoid stroma. The distinctive clinical, radiological and histological features of this lesion are discussed in contrast to several other types of intracranial vascular tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Myopathy in acromegaly. Report of two cases].

Acromegaly is often associated with neuromuscular disorders. Most of them are caused by compression of nerves with hypertrophic bone and soft tissues or complications of diabetes mellitus. Myopathy has rarely been reported in the Japanese literature. We report two cases with myopathy out of 14 cases of acromegaly. Case 1 is a 62-year-old woman who developed muscle weakness and atrophy in the shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle and femoral regions after a 10-year history of acromegaly. She showed positive Gowers' sign and normal DTRs. Basal growth hormone (GH) level in plasma was 1076 ng/ml. Electromyograms (EMG) obtained from the deltoid and rectus femoris muscles revealed typical myopathic abnormalities; an excess of small-amplitude, short-duration, polyphasic motor unit potentials. Histological examinations of the rectus femoris muscle showed diffuse atrophy of both type I and type II fibers. She also had bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and bilateral tarsal tunnel syndrome, which were confirmed by nerve conduction studies of median nerves and posterior tibial nerves. A cranial computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated sellar mass with suprasellar extension. She underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy and radiation therapy. GH level lowered to 29 ng/ml, however, myopathy remained unchanged for 3 years after the surgery. Case 2 is a 38-year-old woman who had undergone partial removal of a pituitary adenoma 9 years after the onset of acromegaly. Basal GH level in plasma before the surgery had been 1694 ng/ml and was still high after the surgery (100-505 ng/ml). The patient developed proximal muscle weakness and atrophy 4 years after the surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1989

Endotoxin levels in milk and plasma of mastitis-affected cows measured with a chromogenic limulus test.

A chromogenic limulus test ("Toxicolor") was applied to cow's milk and plasma after treatment with perchloric acid to remove interfering factors. The endotoxin levels in normal cow's milk and plasma were all less than 10 pg ml-1. In acute mastitis, the milk endotoxin level averaged (1.1 +/- 0.7) X 10(3) pg ml-1 in the cases where Gram-negative bacteria were isolated, while the plasma endotoxin concentration was normal. The endotoxin levels in the quarters infected with Gram-positive bacteria were all normal, both in milk and plasma. In gangrenous mastitis due to Gram-negative bacteria, the endotoxin concentration was very high in both milk [(9.3 +/- 5.3) X 10(6) pg ml-1] and plasma (85.2 +/- 68.2 pg ml-1). In similar cases due to Gram-positive bacteria, endotoxin levels were all normal, both in milk and plasma, resembling the acute mastitis due to Gram-positive bacteria. The test was considered suitable for the diagnosis of mastitis due to Gram-negative organisms and the levels of endotoxin detected would aid in assessing the prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on motile-Aeromonas infection: incidence of motile-Aeromonas in river mud, river water and fresh-water fish].

During the period from October 1982 to July 1984, a total of 1,157 specimens that consisted of 132 river and lake water, 514 river and lake muds, and 511 fresh-water fish caught in both Tama River and Sagami River were examined the presence of the organisms. Of them, 132 (100%) river and lake waters, 304 (59.1%) river and lake muds, and 462 (90.4%) intestinal contents of fresh-water fish were found to have harbor a mean concentration of 1.3 x 10(3)/l, 1.6 x 10(6)/g, and 1.1 x 10(6)/g of motile-Aeromonas respectively. However, nonseasonal variation was observed in the incidence of the organisms throughout the period of investigation. When attempts were made to classify the isolates by the method described Popoff et al., 17 (14.2%) of 120 water-isolates were typed as A. hydrophila, 33 (27.5%) as A. sobria and 35 (29.2%) as A. caviae respectively. And the rest of the 35 (29.2%) remained untypable. As for the 176 mud-isolates, 38 (21.6%) were typed as A. hydrophila 23 (13.1%) as A. sobria and 41 (23.3%) as A. caviae respectively. And the rest of 74 (42.0%) remained untypable. Some efforts were made on the 1,056 strains obtained from fresh-water fish, and 182 (17.2%) were typed as A. hydrophila, 332 (31.4%) as A. sobria and 206 (19.5%) as A. caviae respectively. And the rest of the 336 (31.8%) remained untypable.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the water-soluble protein fraction of glioma cells by two-dimensional electrophoresis].

The authors analyzed water-soluble proteins of culture human and rat glioma cells by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods. Glioma cells were suspended in distilled water and then destroyed by freezing and thawing to obtain the water-soluble protein fraction. A modification of O'Farrell's non-equilibrium pH gradient (NEPHGE) method was used to analyze differences in protein mapping. Manabe's microscale two-dimensional electrophoresis without denaturing agents was used to detect proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin) by Western blotting. With O'Farrell's NEPHGE method and silver staining, at least 200 different polypeptides were clearly identified in each cell line. Cytoskeletal proteins, such as actin, were consistently separated in all cell lines. Marked differences in the protein map were observed between human and rat glioma cell lines, and even within the same species. Presumably, these differences are attributable to cell-biological difference in the glioma cells lines. Some proteins that were prominent in proliferating cells were scant in the protein maps of cells cultured for 24 hours in medium not containing calf serum, which suppresses cell growth. PCNA, an acidic nuclear protein that appears only in the late G1-S phase and is believed to be involved in cell proliferation, was detected by Western blotting and indirect immunostaining. Quantitative analysis of PCNA spots on the protein map appears useful in assessment of glioma cell proliferation. These results indicate that two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can contribute to the understanding of the biological features of glioma cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Increased contraenvironmental-pressure cell division capability: a decisive force in metastasis and invasion of mouse lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.

The correlation between the growth of ML2, ML3 and ML4 cell lines in 1% agar cultures and their metastatic potential (mouse lung adenocarcinoma) was investigated. The growth ability in 1% agar cultures of ML2, ML3 and ML4 correlated far better with growth rates at lung metastatic sites than with the period required for the cells to reach the lungs following transplantation into the subcutaneum. Clones from 1% agar cultures of ML2, ML3 and ML4 show more conspicuous invasive and destructive growth than their monolayer counterparts in the muscle organ culture assay. We discuss the possible significance of 1% agar cultures to the investigation of 'contraenvironmental-pressure cell division capability', an important factor in the invasive and metastatic potential of cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic subdural hematoma occurring in patients with senile dementia: report of 4 cases].

Four cases are presented of male patients over 63 years of age. Preceding head injuries relating to chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) were noted in 2 patients. Suspected clinical signs of CSH were disturbance of consciousness and mono- or hemiparesis. Surgery, a burr-hole technique for external drainage, was performed in 2 patients, and nonsurgical treatment by intravenous administration of glycerol was carried out in the remaining 2 patients. After the treatment, 3 patients returned to the previous demented state, and one who had been treated nonsurgically died of pneumonia. Disappearance or marked reduction of the hematoma was demonstrated by follow-up CT scans in all patients. The signs induced by CSH in a patient with senile dementia may be misunderstood as an aggravation of senile dementia. Nonsurgical treatment with osmotic perfusions for CSH may be considered as a treatment of first choice in a patient with advanced senile dementia, unless he shows advanced mass effect of the hematoma on CT.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

A model for tumorigenicity and metastatic potential: growth in 1.0% agar cultures.

We developed a method to determine the amount of work performed by cells through cell division in 1.0% agar cultures. There was no correlation between the cloning efficiencies of 1.0 and 0.3% agar cultures. Growth in 1.0% agar cultures correlated well with such malignant properties as tumorigenicity and the invasive and metastatic potentials. Our method revealed that metastatic MC and F cell lines possess different means of taking advantage of energy to proliferate against an environmental pressure from those possessed by nontumorigenic (ME and T-C3H) cell strain/line or nonmetastatic but tumorigenic (L,MR, and magc1) cell lines.

Agar↗
PubMed1987

An improved DAPI-DNA cytofluorometry by hypotonic cytolysis. Its application to tumor cell heterogeneity.

The effect of cell cytolysis on DAPI-DNA cytofluorometry was studied in order to eliminate nonspecific cytoplasmic hindrances in DAPI staining. A great improvement in the reproducibility of DNA determination was attained when cells were treated with hypotonic KCl (0.075 M) solution. The DNA content per cell of the mgC5 clonal line (normal diploid cell containing 2C DNA units) after hypotonic treatment was 3.07 +/- 0.06, while that of mgC5 cells without hypotonic treatment was 3.50 +/- 0.26, indicating a remarkable decrease from 7.4% to 2.0% in the coefficient of variation. In detecting tumor cell heterogeneity, our cytolytic method was superior to the method of counting the mode of chromosome number. The modal chromosome numbers of nontumorigenic m and its derivatives, mgC4 and mgC5, were 69, 68 and 67 respectively, while those of their tumorigenic counterparts, magc, mgC4V1 and mgC5V1 were 68, 66 and 67. The DNA contents of nontumorigenic m, mgC4 and mgC5 were 3.00 +/- 0.10 (mean +/- SD), 3.07 +/- 0.06 and 3.07 +/- 0.12, while those of their tumorigenic counterparts, magc, mgC4V1 and mgC5V1 were 3.67 +/- 0.15, 3.23 +/- 0.06, 3.27 +/- 0.06 respectively. A statistically significant difference in DNA content between the tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells was observed at least at the p less than 0.05 level (t-test) when DNA content was employed for comparison, but not when the modal chromosome number was employed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗