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K Sweeney

Publications and source records attributed to K Sweeney.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Physical fitness, lipids, and apolipoproteins in the Northern Ireland Health and Activity Survey.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness, lipids, and apolipoproteins in a cross-sectional study using a two-stage probability sample of the population of Northern Ireland. The main outcome measures were physical fitness using VO2max estimated by extrapolation from submaximal oxygen uptake while walking on a motor driven treadmill, and total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL2 and HDL3, and Lp(a). There were no significant relationships with fitness, after adjustment for possible confounders, with the exception of a positive relationship with HDL2 in males (P < or = 0.01) and Lp(a) in females (P < or = 0.05). There was also a relationship between physical fitness and HDL:apo AI ratio in males and females after adjustment for possible confounders (P < or = 0.05). We concluded that there were few relationships between lipid parameters and physical fitness after adjustment for possible confounders. The relationship between physical fitness and Lp(a) in females suggests a benefit associated with physical fitness and the relationship between physical fitness and HDL:apo AI ratio was in keeping with improved HDL cholesterol transport.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Physical activity, lipids, apolipoproteins, and Lp(a) in the Northern Ireland Health and Activity Survey.

In a cross-sectional study using a two-stage probability sample (N = 1,600) of the population of Northern Ireland, there was an inverse association between the highest recorded recent activity and total cholesterol (P < or = 0.01), LDL (P < or = 0.01), triglyceride (P < or = 0.05) and Chol:HDL ratio (P < or = 0.001) in males, and total cholesterol (P < or = 0.001), LDL (P < or = 0.001), and triglyceride (P < or = 0.01) in females; between habitual activity and HDL (P < or = 0.05) in males and total cholesterol (P < or = 0.05) and triglyceride (P < or = 0.01) in females. There was a relationship between the highest recorded activity and apoAI (P < or = 0.01) and apoB (P < or = 0.01) in males and with apoB (P < or = 0.001) in females; between habitual activity and apoAI (P < or = 0.01) and apoAII (P < or = 0.05) in males and apoB (P < or = 0.01) in females; between past activity and Lp(a) in females (P < or = 0.05). After adjustment for possible confounding factors, total cholesterol (P < or = 0.05) and LDL (P < or = 0.05) were unexpectedly higher in males who were active throughout life. Total cholesterol (P < or = 0.05) and LDL (P < or = 0.001) were higher in females with highest recorded activity and triglycerides lower (P < or = 0.05) in those habitually active. An association between highest recorded activity and apoAI (P < or = 0.01), and past activity and apoAI:apoB ratio (P < or = 0.05) was shown in males and in females, after adjustment, and between apoB (P < or = 0.05) and highest recorded activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Physical activity, physical fitness, blood pressure, and fibrinogen in the Northern Ireland health and activity survey.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity, physical fitness, blood pressure, and fibrinogen. DESIGN: This was a cross sectional population study using a two stage probability sample. SETTING: Northern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 1600 subjects aged 16-74 years from the population of Northern Ireland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical activity profile from computer assisted interview using the Allied Dunbar national fitness survey scales. Physical fitness using estimation of VO2 max by extrapolation from submaximal oxygen uptake while walking on a motor driven treadmill. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured with a Hawksley random zero sphygmomanometer. Measurement of fibrinogen using the Clauss method. MAIN RESULTS: There were significant relationships between both current and past activity and blood pressure. These were of a magnitude that would have been clinically significant, but for the fact that, with the exception of the relationship between habitual activity and diastolic pressure (p = 0.03) and past activity and systolic pressure (p = 0.03) in men, they were not sustained after adjustment for the effect of age using analysis of variance. After adjustment for other potentially confounding factors using multiple regression, there was an inverse relationship between systolic blood pressure and past activity in men, so that those with a life-time of participation compared with a life-time of inactivity had a lower systolic blood pressure of 6 mmHg (p < 0.05). There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) inverse association between both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and physical fitness (VO2 max) which was not sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There were relationships between fibrinogen and highest recorded activity (p < 0.001), habitual activity (p < 0.01), and past activity (p < 0.01) in men but no significant relationship in women. The relationship between fibrinogen and activity was no longer sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) inverse relationship with physical fitness using VO2 max. This relationship was sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors in both men (p < 0.05) and women (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There was a relationship between physical activity, physical fitness, and blood pressure but the relationship was greatly influenced by age. A reduction of 6 mmHg in systolic blood pressure associated with past activity is of clinical significance and supports the hypothesis that physical activity is of benefit in reducing cardiovascular risk. There was a lower level of fibrinogen in those who were most active but this relationship was not significant after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There was also a lower level of fibrinogen those who were most fit (VO2 max) and this relationship persisted even after adjustment for possible confounding factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Vitamin E and exercise in the Northern Ireland population.

Serum vitamin E, vitamin E/cholesterol and physical activity and fitness were examined in a representative cross section (n = 1600) of the Northern Ireland population as part of the Northern Ireland health and activity survey. Serum vitamin E levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, cholesterol by an enzymatic method, physical activity profile was recorded by computer assisted interview and physical fitness was determined by estimation of VO2 max. The levels of serum vitamin E and vitamin E/cholesterol ratio in the Northern Irish population were similar or higher than in other populations with lower incidences of coronary heart disease. The assessment of activity showed that 75% of the population fell below recommended activity levels likely to confer a cardioprotective effect. A significant relationship (P = 0.01) was found in males between serum vitamin E levels and lifetime participation in physical activity. Otherwise no relationship was found between serum vitamin E or vitamin E/cholesterol ratio and physical activity or fitness in the population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Minor surgery.

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Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1992

Effect of sucralfate on pharmacokinetics of fleroxacin in healthy volunteers.

The effect of sucralfate on the pharmacokinetics of fleroxacin was assessed in 20 healthy male volunteers. The study was of a two-way crossover design in which subjects were randomized to one of the following two regimens at the time of entry: (i) a single 400-mg dose of fleroxacin alone or (ii) a 400-mg dose of fleroxacin given once and 1 g of sucralfate given every 6 h starting 24 h before fleroxacin treatment and continuing for 48 h after fleroxacin treatment. Blood samples were collected immediately before fleroxacin administration and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, 36, and 48 h postdosing. Fleroxacin concentrations in plasma and urine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. While concurrent of fleroxacin and sucralfate resulted in a decrease in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve, a decrease in the maximum concentration, and an increase in the time to the maximum concentration (P < 0.05), these changes were modest compared with the interaction of other quinolones with sucralfate. The relative bioavailability of fleroxacin given with sucralfate, calculated from the area under the concentration-time curve, was 76% compared with that of fleroxacin alone. This is significantly better than the bioavailabilities of other quinolones (1.8 to 12.3%) when they are administered with sucralfate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Penetration of fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin into skin blister fluid: a comparative study.

The penetration of multiple-dose concentrations of oral fleroxacin (400 mg every 24 h) and ciprofloxacin (500 mg every 12 h) into skin blister fluid in 12 healthy volunteers was determined in a randomized crossover study. Serum, blister fluid, and paper disk samples were analyzed by large-plate microbiologic assay. The mean areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for serum were 88.6 and 18.2 micrograms.h/ml/70 kg for fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The mean AUC for blister fluid and paper disks were 71.2 and 15.0 micrograms.h/ml/70 kg and 77.8 and 15.4 micrograms.h/ml/70 kg for fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Calculated penetration into interstitial fluid ranged from 74 to 92% for fleroxacin and 56 to 96% for ciprofloxacin; penetration was calculated by using the ratio of maximum drug concentration or AUC in blister fluid and paper disks to maximum drug concentration or AUC in serum. There was no significant difference between fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin in the percent penetration into skin blister fluid.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

The relative bioavailability of temafloxacin administered through a nasogastric tube with and without enteral feeding.

The relative bioavailability of a single oral dose of temafloxacin given with and without enteral feeding was determined in 18 healthy male volunteers in a randomised crossover study. Subjects were administered 600mg of temafloxacin orally as an intact tablet, or a crushed tablet suspended in water administered through a nasogastric tube with or without an enteral feeding solution [Osmolite (Ross) 100 ml/h started 2h before administration of temafloxacin and continued for 4h postdose]. Plasma samples were analysed by a high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Mean peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) for the oral tablet, crushed tablet, and crushed tablet with enteral feeding solution were 3.95 +/- 1.02, 4.85 +/- 0.69, and 4.69 +/- 0.61 mg/L/70kg, respectively, and mean calculated area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to 48h (AUC(0-48h)) values were 48.1 +/- 11.0, 54.5 +/- 6.52, and 49.7 +/- 5.89 mg/L.h/70kg, respectively. In terms of AUC(0-48h) and Cmax, the relative bioavailability of temafloxacin after nasogastric delivery of crushed temafloxacin given with and without an enteral feeding solution was equivalent to the reference oral regimen.

Administration, Oral↗