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Biomedical subjects

K Sugihara

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugihara.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in the skin. Report of two cases.

This report describes the clinical and pathological features of cutaneous lesions observed in a 73-year-old woman with terminal adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and a 42-year-old man who had chronic ATLL with persistent nasal stuffiness and rhinorrhea of 2 years' duration. Histology of the skin lesions from these two cases showed large blood vessel (arterial and venous) involvement at the level of the dermosubcutaneous junction, in which angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration of the tumor cells was prominent and reminiscent of lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) and/or polymorphic reticulosis. ATLL commonly involves the skin. Moreover, it may originate in the skin. The majority of researchers have observed perivascular and periadnexal infiltration, frequent epidermal exocytosis with Pautrier's microabscesses, and the occasional presence of leukemic cells within the vascular lumen; however, vascular involvement like that seen in our cases has not been described before. Our cases suggest that a variety of T-cell malignancies may be angiocentric and angiodestructive in nature, and that so-called LYG and LYG-like malignant lymphomas are not a single disease, but may constitute a heterogeneous group of T-cell malignancies including ATLL.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Basis of sialic acid heterogeneity in ulcerative colitis.

To test the suggestion that an inherited defect in colonic mucus rendering it susceptible to degradation by bacterial enzymes may be an important factor in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis, 650 colonoscopic and rectal biopsy specimens from 166 patients with colitis were stained by mild periodic acid Schiff (mPAS), which shows sialic acid that is deficient in O-acetyl substituents. There was an excess of mPAS positive sialic acid in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis, but the increased expression was patchy and coincided with a morphological change in the form of epithelial hyperplasia (metaplasia). Hyperplasia was more common in the rectum and in women and was associated with, and presumably secondary to, active inflammation. It is concluded that variation in the structure of sialic acid is acquired and is therefore unlikely to be implicated in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The immunohistochemical localization of CA 15-3 in human breasts and their tumors].

The tissue distribution of CA 15-3, a breast carcinoma associated antigenic determinant, has been investigated by an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique in the human breasts and in their tumors. In cases of scirrhous carcinoma, positive stainings for CA 15-3 were observed in almost all carcinoma cells. In cases of solid-tubular carcinomas and papillotubular carcinomas, the reaction was various and there was no correlation between the distribution of CA 15-3 and the clinical stage. Apical staining was recognized in both solid-tubular and papillotubular carcinomas, in benign breast tumors, and in normal breast tissues. CA 15-3 appears to be related to the degree of differentiation of the breast tissue.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Evaluation of paraaortic lymph node metastasis in patients with primary epithelial carcinoma of the ovary].

From 1979-1986, 110 patients with an ovarian cancer have been treated at Kyushu University Hospital. Sixty-eight of these patients with untreated primary adenocarcinoma of the ovary underwent a paraaortic lymph node (PAN) biopsy at the time of their initial surgery. Twenty-two of these 68 patients were found (32.4%) to have a positive PAN. Microscopic PAN metastases were present in 4 patients, who, macroscopically, seemed to have the disease confined to the pelvis. The incidence of a positive PAN was seen to correlate with the clinical stage and degree of differentiation of the primary tumor. Positive PANs were more frequent in cases of a serous rather than a mucinous carcinoma. All 5 patients with a metastatic adenocarcinoma originating from the stomach or the colon had a positive PAN. It thus has been concluded that a PAN evaluation is important for the management of ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Statistical survey of malignant skin tumors during the first five years of cases treated at the Dermatological Clinic of Shimane Medical University Hospital].

A statistical survey of malignant skin tumors has been carried out involving the outpatients seen at the Dermatological Clinic of Shimane Medical University Hospital during the period between October, 1979 and October, 1984. Out of 9,702 patients seen, 51 were found to have a malignant skin tumor or, statistically, 0.53% of all patients. The number and type of the malignant skin tumor were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma, 16; basal cell epithelioma, 7; Bowen's disease, 6; Paget's disease, 1; a metastatic carcinoma of the skin, 4; a malignant melanoma, 5; a malignant lymphoma, 10; leukemia, 1 and a multicentric reticulohistiocytoma, 1. reticulohistiocytoma, 1.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Electroencephalographic effects of the new antidepressant paroxetine in the rabbit.

The electroencephalographic (EEG) effect of (-)-trans-4-(4'-fluorophenyl)-3-(3',4'-methylene-dioxyphenoxy-met hyl)piperidine hydrochloride (paroxetine, BRL 29060A) a new antidepressant, was investigated in conscious rabbits with chronic electrode implants and was compared with those of imipramine and amitriptyline. Paroxetine induced an arousal pattern of the spontaneous EEG consisting of low voltage fast waves in the cortex and synchronization of hippocampal theta waves with decreased amplitude, while imipramine and amitriptyline elicited drowsy patterns of the spontaneous EEG. Paroxetine failed to suppress the EEG arousal responses induced not only by auditory stimulation but also by electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation, centromedian thalamus and posterior hypothalamus, whereas imipramine and amitriptyline markedly inhibited these responses. The EEG arousal response induced by i.v. injection of physostigmine 0.2 mg/kg was slightly enhanced by paroxetine, while the response was significantly suppressed by imipramine and amitriptyline. Paroxetine, imipramine and amitriptyline showed no significant effect on the photic driving response and recruiting response. Paroxetine did not show any effects on the limbic afterdischarges elicited by either hippocampal or amygdaloid stimulation, while imipramine and amitriptyline caused an initial suppression followed by slight enhancement of these afterdischarges. These results indicate paroxetine to be an antidepressant of a new type which induces a sustained arousal pattern of the spontaneous EEG and has no central anticholinergic action.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1987

Subglottic neurofibroma in a child.

Reported here for the first time is a case of subglottic neurofibroma in an infant which was removed by laryngofissure. Neurofibromas are ubiquitous in distribution, but very rare in the larynx and also extremely rare in infancy. Only 9 cases had been reported in children under 9 years of age. In the present case, H.T., a boy aged 2 years and 7 months, complaining of inspiratory stridor since the beginning of December 1985, was admitted to our hospital on Jan. 21, 1986. The tumor was completely removed by laryngofissure and pathological diagnosis showed it to be a neurofibroma. Laryngeal neurofriboma cases are reviewed and discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Scanning electron microscopic study of Warthin's tumor.

Three cases of Warthin's tumors were studied with a scanning electron microscope. The free surface of the epithelium was composed mainly of round or ovoid dome-like structures bearing microvilli and apocrine protrusions. Ciliated epithelial cells were detected in 2 of the tumors. The tumor epithelium encircled various amounts of cellular debris resembling degenerate lymphoid cells. A few tiny cystic spaces were also found. Within the lymphoid stroma, tightly packed lymphocytes, a meshwork of reticulum cells and medullary cord-like structures were observed. Our findings support the concept that Warthin's tumors develop from heterotopic salivary gland ducts within pre-existing lymph nodes.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1987

Colorectal goblet cell mucins in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Ninety two tissue blocks from the left colon and 52 from the right colon were obtained from 112 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Tissues from 137 patients with other conditions served as controls. Within the main study a smaller investigation was performed to compare sections from the left and right colon in the same subject. Several well known histochemical techniques were used to investigate possible changes in sulphation, sialic acid structure (loss of O-acetyl substituents), and changes in the ratio of sialic acid to neutral sugars. In patients with FAP, as in controls, there was increased expression of periodic acid Schiff positive mucin and fucose in the right colon. The only difference between patients with FAP and controls was the indirect demonstration of less neutral mucin in the right colon in FAP, but this did not seem to affect neutral sugars binding to UEA-1, PNL, or HPA. As in the general population, a small proportion of patients with FAP showed a lack of O-acetyl substituted sialic acid. Sialic acid heterogeneity probably has a genetic basis, but this is not associated with the genetic defect underlying FAP.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1987

[Specific inhibitory action of a novel antidepressant paroxetine on 5-HT uptake].

Effect of a novel antidepressant, paroxetine, on the uptake of serotonin (5-HT), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) as well as on various neuro-receptors were investigated in comparison with those of the tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline, chlorimipramine and imipramine. Paroxetine showed a potent 5-HT uptake inhibitory action, giving the NA/5-HT ratio of 886 in comparison with the ratios of 1.7, 15 and 1.5 for amitriptyline, chlorimipramine and imipramine, respectively. On the other hand, paroxetine showed almost no inhibitory action on the binding of the [3H]-labeled ligands examined in this study [( 3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate, [3H]5-HT, [3H]ketanserine, [3H]pyrilamine, [3H]dihydroalprenolol, [3H]prazosin, [3H]clonidine and [3H]spiroperidol). In contrast, the tricyclic antidepressants showed inhibitory action on a number of bindings and also revealed comparatively high affinities especially for muscarine, histamine-1 and alpha 1-adrenaline receptors responsible for the side effects. From the above findings, it can be concluded that paroxetine has only a weak affinity for various neuro-receptors and inhibits specifically 5-HT uptake.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Stimulatory effect of cisplatin on production of lipid peroxidation in renal tissues.

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II), an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent with the dose-limiting side effect of nephrotoxicity, caused a statistically significant increase in lipid peroxidation, monitored by measuring the production of malondialdehyde, in rat kidney 72 hr after injection. Treatment of rats beforehand with the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol or N-N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD) effectively decreased such peroxidation. DPPD was a more effective inhibitor than alpha-tocopherol, since it is known for its ability to scavenge free radicals more powerfully. The ability of renal cortical slices to accumulate p-aminohippurate (PAH) was examined as a biochemical parameter that would change in nephrotoxicity. The ability to accumulate PAH by the incubated slices decreased 72 hr after administration of cisplatin. The pretreatment with DPPD prevented the decrease in PAH accumulation in the slices from rats treated with cisplatin. Structural changes of the renal proximal tubule caused by cisplatin, analyzed in a transmission electron microscope, were also prevented by the pretreatment with DPPD. The results suggest that cisplatin affects renal tissues in which free radicals generated by cisplatin may interact with membrane lipids to cause the production of lipid peroxidation, which affects both cellular structure and function.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1987

Effect of cisplatin on in vitro production of lipid peroxides in rat kidney cortex.

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II), an antitumor agent with a dose-limiting adverse effect of nephrotoxicity, increased lipid peroxidation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in rat renal slices incubated in vitro. The addition of an antioxidant, N-N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD), to the incubation medium completely inhibited this increase. We also studied the in vitro effects of agents that modify cisplatin nephrotoxicity on lipid peroxidation in the slices caused by cisplatin. Mannitol, which protects against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, almost completely inhibited the increase in lipid peroxidation caused by cisplatin. Methionine, which potentiates cisplatin nephrotoxicity, made the slices more susceptible to peroxidation. The decrease with cisplatin in p-aminohippurate (PAH) accumulation in incubated kidney cortical slices, the accumulation being a representative biochemical process in the transport ability of renal cells, was partially inhibited when DPPD was in the medium. The results suggested that cisplatin directly affected renal tissues in which free radicals generated by cisplatin may interact with membrane lipids to cause the production of lipid peroxides that damage membrane function. Compounds that modify cisplatin nephrotoxicity such as mannitol and methionine may act by affecting the production of renal lipid peroxides by cisplatin.

Animals↗