Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Soejima

Publications and source records attributed to K Soejima.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Neutrophil-induced lung protection and injury are dependent on the amount of Pseudomonas aeruginosa administered via airways in guinea pigs.

We investigated the roles of neutrophils in mediating both the protective effect against bacterial infection and the harmful effect of lung injury induced after the intratracheal instillation of live bacteria. We examined the mortality rate, lung injury, and bacterial clearance following the intratracheal instillation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in low (10(4) colony-forming units [CFU]) and high doses (10(8) CFU) in normal (control) guinea pigs, others made neutropenic with cyclophosphamide (CPA), and guinea pigs made neutrophilic with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF). Lung injury was assessed by the ratio of the concentration of 125I-labeled albumin in lung tissue to that in plasma (T/P) and the animals' lung weight-to-body weight (LW/BW) ratio. With 10(4) CFU, the CPA group showed an increased T/P ratio of 0.22 +/- 0.03 versus 0.14 +/- 0.01 in the control and 0.11 +/- 0.01 (mean +/- SEM) in the rG-CSF groups (p < 0.01). Viable bacteria were recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the CPA group. Neutrophil recruitment was observed in the lungs of animals in the control and rG-CSF groups. With 10(8) CFU, the mortality rate was increased in the rG-CSF group (7 of 10) as compared with the control (0 of 9) and CPA groups (1 of 9) (p < 0.05), which reflected an increased LW/BW (g/kg) ratio (16 +/- 2 versus 12 +/- 1) in the CPA group (p < 0.05). We conclude that neutrophils protect against lung injury during low-level bacterial challenge, but enhance lung injury and contribute to mortality during high-level bacterial challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Neutrophils activated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor suppress tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from monocytes stimulated by endotoxin.

We investigated the in vitro effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release from monocytes. Peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils were obtained from healthy donors (n = 8). Neutrophils alone, neutrophils plus monocytes, and monocytes alone were incubated with and without G-CSF (10 ng/ml) and were studied for TNF-alpha release; monocytes subsequently were stimulated by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] at 10 and 1,000 ng/ml). Neutrophils alone did not produce TNF-alpha after LPS stimulation irrespective of G-CSF treatment. TNF-alpha release from monocytes was suppressed significantly by pretreatment with G-CSF in the presence of neutrophils (P < 0.01). Suppression of TNF-alpha release after LPS was not observed when monocytes were preincubated with G-CSF in the absence of neutrophils. TNF-alpha release from monocytes stimulated by LPS was not inhibited when monocytes were incubated with the supernatant from G-CSF-activated neutrophils. Pretreatment with G-CSF inhibited intracellular TNF-alpha production, as measured by flow cytometry, of monocytes stimulated by LPS (P < 0.05). These data suggest that neutrophils activated by G-CSF directly suppress TNF-alpha release from monocytes stimulated by LPS.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The effects of bifemelane hydrochloride on depressive illness of the elderly.

The therapeutic efficacy, utility and safety of bifemelane hydrochloride were studied in 52 elderly depressive patients. The drug was administered as a tablet containing 50 mg orally three times daily for 8 consecutive weeks. The final global improvement rating and global utility rating were respectively 80.8 and 73.1 percent for all patients. The improvement rates on the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) were more than 60% for depressed mood, guilt, suicide, middle insomnia, delayed insomnia, psychotic anxiety, gastro-intestinal symptom, hypochondriasis, depersonalization and derealization. The rates regarding global symptoms evaluated by the Psychoneurotic rating scale for doctor's use were more than 60% for tension, agitation, irritability and excitement, phobia, depression, hypochondria and nocturnal delirium in psychotic symptoms, and insomnia in addition to palpitation in somatic symptoms. A significant decrease was also observed in the symptoms covered by the Self-rating depression scale of Zung after treatment with this drug. There were no instances of side-effects, nor any abnormalities in laboratory tests, encountered throughout the trial. Therefore, bifemelane hydrochloride is of value for the treatment of geriatric depression.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Correlation of intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern and Ki-67 index in large bowel carcinomas].

Seventy cases of surgically resected specimens of large-bowel carcinomas were used. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry for step-wise sections in each carcinoma. Intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern was classified into 5 types: Type A showing diploidy in all sections; Type B showing aneuploidy in all sections with the same DNA index (DI); Type C showing diploidy in the majority of the sections and aneuploidy in a part; Type D showing aneuploidy in the majority of the sections and diploidy in a part; and Type E showing aneuploidy in all sections with different DI in some parts. Ki-67 in cell nuclei was stained immunohistochemically for the 4 microns-thick paraffin section using MIB1 monoclonal antibody, and the Ki-67 index expressing the growth fraction was calculated. Ki-67-index (Mean +/- SD) of 4 cases in Type A showed 20.6 +/- 4.88, that of 16 cases in Type B showed 37.5 +/- 9.62, that of 2 cases in Type C showed 42.4 +/- 0.21; that of 26 cases in Type D showed 41.8 +/- 10.6 and that of 22 cases in Type E showed 41.7 +/- 8.58. Thus, the aneuploidy group (type B, C, D, E) revealed a significantly higher Ki-67 index than the diploidy group (Type A) (p < 0.01). In the predominantly diploidy group (Type A, C), the cases in Type C also revealed a significantly higher value than the cases in Type A (p < 0.01). Therefore, there seemed to be some difference in the Ki-67 index or proliferative activity of cancer cells in large-bowel carcinomas relating to the intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

[A case of tropical eosinophilia associated with pleural effusion].

A 52-year-old man was admitted to Keio University Hospital for determination of the etiology of a bilateral pleural effusion associated with marked eosinophilia (10200 cells/mm3). He had been in Vietnam for three years and had returned to Japan in May 1993. He was suffering from tropical eosinophilia, as clearly indicated by eosinophilia, elevation of serum IgE level (708 IU/ml), the presence of anti-dirofilarial antibodies, and the absence of microfilaria in the blood. The pleural effusion was an exudate and 51% of the cells in the effusion were eosinophils. In the effusion, no parasites were detected but anti-dirofilarial antibodies were found (the titer was as high as that in the serum). Diethylcarbamazine was given, and a steroid had to be superimposed because of wheezing. These treatments successfully reduced the bronchoconstriction, eosinophilia and accumulation of pleural effusion. Tropical eosinophilia has generally been thought not to be associated with pleural effusion. This is only the third case report of tropical eosinophilia with authentic pleural effusion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical problem of lung cancer with coexisting acute pulmonary tuberculosis].

Four patients with coexistent lung cancer and acute pulmonary tuberculosis were operated during recent 5 years. All were males and cigarette smokers (B.I. > 600). Adenocarcinoma were recovered from 3 patients, while the remaining 1 had squamous cell carcinoma. Only 1 curative resection was performed for lung cancer. In most cases, late stage of the disease was alleged to be a factor contributing to the poor prognosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[CT findings of primary retroperitoneal cystic tumors: special emphasis on the distinction benignancy from malignancy].

We describe the CT findings of primary retroperitoneal cystic tumors in 20 patients (cystic lymphangioma, 9; cystic teratoma, 3; cystic neurinoma, 4; mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, 3; synovial sarcoma, 1). CT findings were retrospectively reviewed and the findings correlated with the pathological findings to determine malignant or benign cystic tumors. Definite criteria for malignancy were invasion to surrounding organ and the presence of distant metastasis. However, the sensitivity of these criteria was very low (25%). Enhancement of an intracystic solid component was a reliable criterion (p < 0.05) for malignancy (sensitivity 75%, specificity 81%, accuracy 80%). Either unilocular cystic appearance or the presence of a "neck" (between the cystic mass and paraaortic region) strongly suggested the possibility of benignancy (specificity 100%). The "neck" was thought to be morphologically specific for cystic lymphangioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[US and CT findings of mucinous carcinomas of the gallbladder].

Mucinous carcinomas of the gallbladder are relatively uncommon. Their radiological findings have not been described previously. We describe the CT and US findings of mucinous carcinoma of the gallbladder in 3 cases. Tumors (thickened wall and/or intraluminal polypoid mass) showed hyperechogeneity or isoechogeneity on US and water density on CT. US clearly detected large polypoid lesions, but CT was unable to detect these lesions in 2 cases. Therefore, we stressed the discrepancy between the findings of US and CT. These features can be explained by the fact that a tumor containing a large amount of mucin produces a mass of near-water density in the gallbladder on CT. It is of value to know the radiological findings of these tumors because the diagnosis is easily missed by CT study alone.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1994

Bronchioloalveolar adenoma of the lung: CT-pathologic correlation.

PURPOSE: To correlate the appearance of bronchioloalveolar adenoma (BAA) of the lung at computed tomography (CT) with its pathologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine small pulmonary nodules with ground-glass attenuation were found at CT in 668 patients with lung carcinoma. Seven of these nine lesions were histopathologically diagnosed as BAA in four patients (three men and one woman, aged 66-77 years) (three lesions in one man, two lesions in the woman, and one lesion each in the remaining two men) and are the subject of this study. RESULTS: BAA of the lung appeared at CT as a small pulmonary nodule with ground-glass attenuation; microscopic examination revealed hyperplasia of the alveolar cuboidal cells on hyperplastic alveolar septa. The CT findings depicted partial reduction of the alveolar air spaces owing to an increase in cellular components within the lesion. Adenocarcinoma cells were also seen within the BAA lesion in one patient. CONCLUSION: In a patient with known lung carcinoma, a small nodule with ground-glass attenuation simulating a focal lesion of pulmonary interstitial disease must be investigated to rule out BAA or multicentric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of DNA index using flow cytometry between primary tumor and its metastatic regional lymph node in human gastric carcinoma].

Flow cytometric determination of DNA ploidy was performed on paraffin-embedded specimens of primary tumor (Group A) and its metastatic lymph nodes (Group B) in 30 surgically resected cases, and the DNA index (DI) was compared between these two groups. In 25 of 30 cases (83.3%), all DI observed in Group B were also found in Group A; and in the remaining 5 cases, a series of DI not found in Group A were observed in group B. They were all poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, 4 of which exhibited serosal invasion and prominent lymphatic permeation in their wall. In 28 cases (93.3%), the modal DI value in the primary tumor was also found in their corresponding metastatic lymph node, the frequency of which revealed a statistically significant difference from 18 cases (60%) in terms of median DI value, and from 10 cases (33.3%) in terms of maximum DI value (p < 0.01). It was suggested that the modal DI value in the primary tumor could signify an important clone relating to lymph node metastasis. No significant DI difference was observed in comparison of a series of DI seen in n1(+) and n2(+) group of metastatic regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[A case of mediastinal malignant lymphoma; 16 years follow up after surgery].

A 32-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on September 1976 because of left mediastinal mass shadows on chest roentgenogram. Needle biopsy studies provided no definitive diagnosis, and exploratory operation was carried out through left postero-lateral thoracotomy. Two large masses were seen in the mediastinum and five small tumors were seen on the diaphragm. All of these masses were removed. Histopathological examination of the tumors indicated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse small cell type. Radiation therapy was carried out postoperatively, but chemotherapy could not continue because of side effect. Eight years after surgical therapy, recurrence was seen at left parietal pleura, ten years at peritoneum, twelve years at left parietal pleura, thirteen years at upper mediastinal lymph node, 16 years at post-peritoneal space. These tumors disappeared after radiation therapy. She is doing well seventeen years after the surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[CT and MR imaging of desmoid tumors--comparison of two modalities].

As desmoid tumors invade locally and postoperative recurrence is common, accurate diagnosis of the extent of the tumor is needed prior to surgery. CT and/or MRI evaluation of tumor extension was retrospectively studied in eight patients with desmoid tumors, and the results were correlated with the histopathological findings. All tumors were completely resected even in patients who were evaluated by CT alone. However, the delineation of tumor and local invasion were not clearly demonstrated by CT. On the other hand, the delineation of tumor and local invasion were well visualized on MRI. The MRI picture of desmoid tumors was mainly composed of two different areas of signal intensity. The area of hypointensity in both T 1- and T 2-weighted images was found to have abundant collagen fibers, while the area of isointensity or slight hyperintensity in T 1-weighted images and hyperintensity in T 2-weighted images was found to have fibroblasts. In conclusion, MRI is better suited to the evaluation of patients with desmoid tumors than CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Structural organization of a cryptic plasmid, pMA1, from Microcystis aeruginosa f. aeruginosa Kützing.

The 2287-bp cryptic plasmid, pMA1, from Microcystis aeruginosa f. aeruginosa Kützing, a unicellular cyanobacterium originally derived from Kasumigaura lake, was completely sequenced and analyzed. The predicted amino acid sequence (253 residues) of an open reading frame had identities of 47%, 48%, and 53% with replication-associated proteins of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens's plasmid, pFTB14, B. subtilis BAA1's pBAA1, and B. coagulans's pBC1, respectively, when conservative amino acid substitutions were included. Such high-level identities were also shown with rep proteins and ori regions in a group of Gram-positive bacterial plasmids such as Lactococci and Staphylococci that are known to replicate via single-stranded intermediates. The pMA1 does hybridize with a plasmid, pUS1-3, derived from another unicellular cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Novel features of pMA1 are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Primary embryonal carcinoma of the retroperitoneum.

A 32-year-old man with primary embryonal carcinoma of the retroperitoneum, a very rare condition, is reported. The disease took an acute course with rapid enlargement of cervical and inguinal lymph nodes, and high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) values were observed. His testes were, however, intact. Remarkable tumor regression was achieved by systemic combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB therapy). This chemotherapy is beneficial even in advanced cases. In the two years since therapy, no recurrence has been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Pulmonary macrophages in rats after hemithoracic irradiation: analysis of morphology and expression of surface antigen].

The pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis is not completely understood. The long latent period and involvement of unirradiated lung tissue may indicate an immune reaction in the injurious process of irradiated lung. To investigate the role of pulmonary macrophages in radiation pneumonitis, morphology and membrane antigen expression of pulmonary macrophages were studied in irradiated rat lung tissue following 4000 R hemithoracic irradiation. Lungs were explanted at 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, and 28 weeks after irradiation. Cryosections of irradiated lung tissue were immunohistochemically studied, and alveolar macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were also analyzed using monoclonal antibodies to rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and macrophages with flow cytometry. Macrophage subpopulations were analyzed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to MHC class I (HAM2), MHC class II (OX6) and macrophage differentiation antigens (ED1, ED2, ED3). Alveolar macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage were morphologically studied by smear and flow cytometry of forward light scatter and 90 degrees light scatter. At 2 weeks after irradiation, when histological changes did not appear, small lymphocyte-like macrophages and large foamy macrophages were observed in both the smear and histograms by flow cytometry. At 4, 6, and 8 weeks after irradiation, these new populations had markedly increased. However, at 16 and 28 weeks after irradiation, the size and shape of alveolar macrophages had returned to normal. In the expression of macrophage membrane antigens, an increase in the frequency of MHC class II+ cells in lavaged cells appeared at 2 weeks after irradiation, and became significant at 4 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Fluorocytometric DNA analysis of borderline lesions in the large intestine].

A total of 9 surgically resected non-cancerous benign lesions (5 regenerative epithelium, 4 hyperplastic or metaplastic epithelium), 4 normal epithelium, 30 carcinomas and 12 adenomas containing 7 moderate dysplastic epithelium and 5 severe dysplastic epithelium in the large intestine, were used. Then 40 microns thick paraffin sections were made from each specimen, dewaxed, and the target portion was excised under microscopic visualization. Free cells isolated by 0.5% pepsin solution were smeared and followed by DNA staining by DAPI, and fluorocytometric DNA measurement was performed using a fluorocytometer (BH 2.QRFL, Olympus). All specimens of non-cancerous benign epithelium and normal epithelium showed diploidy. The average mean DNA value was 2.03 +/- 0.04 c (1.95-2.10), the percentage of cells above 4.1 c (4.1 c > or = %) averaged 0.26 +/- 0.42% (0-1.25) and the coefficient of variation (CV) averaged 14.30 +/- 3.18% (10.19-19.58). Seven of 30 carcinomas showed diploidy. Among these diploid carcinomas, the mean DNA value averaged 2.30 +/- 1.98 c (2.01-2.71) (p < 0.05), 4.1 c > or = % averaged 4.17 +/- 2.91% (2.0-10.5) (p < 0.05) and CV averaged 32.2 +/- 5.8% (24.43-38.90) (p < 0.01). Based on these results, aneuploid cases were judged to be malignant. In the case of diploidy, if the percentage of cells above 4.1 c was more than 2.0% and CV was more than 24.43%; when the former was less than 1.25% and the latter was less than 19.58%; and when one or both of the two was out of the range described in the above two categories, they were judged to be malignant, benign or borderline, respectively. From these criteria, 7 adenomas showing moderate dysplasia were analyzed as benign in 2, borderline in 4 and malignant in 1, while 5 adenomas evidencing severe dysplasia were analyzed as malignant in 4 and borderline in 1. In conclusion, fluorocytometric evaluation of the malignant or benign tumor of borderline lesions in the large intestine was found to be possible.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy using a cutting needle and an automated biopsy gun. Comparison with lung biopsy using a manual aspiration needle].

Twenty-five percutaneous lung biopsies using a 20-gauge cutting needle and automated biopsy gun (ABG) were performed under CT guidance in 25 patients with thoracic lesions. This procedure was compared with that using a 21-gauge manual aspiration needle in 36 patients (40 examinations, 37 lesions) in terms of success rate, rate of correct diagnosis, mean examination time and rate of complications. Specimens obtained from lung biopsy were graded by a histopathologist according to quality and quantity from 0 to 4 (pathological score). There were no statistically significant differences between the two procedures in terms of success rate, rate of correct diagnosis and rate of complications; only the time required was significantly different. However, sufficient biopsy material and a mean pathological score of G-II 2.8 (that of G-I was 1.9, p less than 0.05) could be obtained by the biopsy procedure using the cutting needle. The above results indicated that aspiration needle biopsy was adequate for lung biopsy, but that a cutting needle and ABG should be used when a good biopsy specimen is needed for tissue diagnosis.

Adolescent↗