Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with massive portahepatis lymphadenopathy and direct inferior vena cava (IVC) infiltration.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
K Singh
Publications and source records attributed to K Singh.
Solitary ulcer syndrome of the rectum--a histopathologic characterisation of 33 biopsies.
Histological analysis of 33 rectal biopsies from 26 patients of solitary ulcer syndrome (SUS) of rectum was undertaken. Fibrous obliteration and smooth muscle extension into the lamina propria were the characteristic and most constant findings. The limitation of the biopsy procedure in procuring deeper tissue made the detection of colitis cystica profunda rare in our study. A combination of fibrosis of the lamina propria, superficial mucosal ulceration, muscularis mucosae hypertrophy and submucosal fibrosis, along with the clinical suspicion should clinch the diagnosis of SUS.
Biopsy↗
Norplant contraceptive implants--a comparison of capsules versus rods in Singapore.
The NORPLANT system is one of the most modern long acting steroidal fertility regulatory delivery systems to be introduced. It consists of six silicone capsules. The NORPLANT-2 rod system on the other hand consists of only 2 rods. The comparative study undertaken suggests that the NORPLANT-2 rod system is highly effective, safe and acceptable as the NORPLANT six capsule system in Singapore. It would thus appear that the NORPLANT-2 rod system as compared to the NORPLANT six capsule system has a great potential for acceptability in terms of ease of insertion and removal.
Adult↗
A comparison of the effects of NORPLANT capsules and NORPLANT-2 rods on clinical chemistry: metabolic changes.
A comparison of the effects of NORPLANT capsules and NORPLANT-2 rods on liver function, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism is presented. The results indicate that the effects of both these long acting progestogen-containing subdermal implant systems are similar and comparable. With respect to liver function, possible hepatocellular dysfunction is indicated as evidenced by a significant rise in serum bilirubin and a significant fall in total protein and globulin. As regards to lipid metabolism, there appears to be no cardiovascular risk in both groups. The effects of NORPLANT on carbohydrate metabolism is not of any clinical significance.
Capsules↗
Endoscopic management of chronic organoaxial volvulus of the stomach.
Endoscopic correction of the chronic organoaxial volvulus of the stomach was attempted in seven cases of primary and three cases of secondary volvulus. Endoscopic correction was successful in six cases of primary volvulus and one case of volvulus secondary to duodenal carcinoma. This paper describes the details of the technique of endoscopic correction of gastric volvulus, and documentation of correction of the volvulus by barium meal study with a follow-up of 5-26 months.
Adult↗
Evaluation of electron beam irradiation technique in Indian breast carcinoma patients.
A technique for post-mastectomy irradiation in breast cancer patients is described. The chest wall and internal mammary nodes are irradiated with single, anterior electron beam. The axillary and supraclavicular nodal regions are treated with parallel opposed telecobalt beams. A total of 124 patients have been subjected to this procedure. All, except five, completed the treatment. Desquamation, dry as well as wet, was of universal occurrence in electron irradiated zones. The follow up period is 2-26 months with a median of 12 months. Out of the 106 followed up patients, two developed local recurrence while distant metastases were observed in 13 patients.
Adult↗
Duodeno--jejunal vascular malformation.
Vascular malformations are rare but an important cause of obscure upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A patient with a large vascular malformation involving the duodenum and proximal jejunum, presenting with a severe bout of melaena, is described. The diagnosis was suspected on endoscopy and confirmed by angiography and surgery.
Adult↗
Sarcoidosis masquerading as leprosy, pulmonary tuberculosis and urolithiasis.
A middle aged man presented as a recalcitrant case of borderline leprosy with concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis and urolithiasis which continued to progress relentlessly despite adequate multiduring antileprosy and antitubercular treatment. After detailed and relevant workup, the diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. Rapid clinical improvement occurred with steroid therapy.
Adult↗
Evaluation of different methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric disease.
Endoscopic gastric antral biopsy specimens (133) from 92 dyspeptic patients with endoscopically evident gastritis (34; including one patient with dual pathology) gastric ulcer (13), duodenitis (17; including one patient with dual pathology) duodenal ulcer (29) and 41 subjects of non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) with endoscopically normal upper gastrointestinal tract were examined for H. pylori by stained smear, various urease tests, culture and histopathology. Crushed tissue smear stained by Gram's method using carbol fuchsin counterstain proved to be the simplest and a reliable technique. Up to 4 h urease broth + ve test correlated well with smear and culture. Positive association of H. pylori with disease was considered when at least two of the above methods were suggestive. Significantly higher positivities were observed in gastritis (61.7%), gastric ulcer (84.6%), duodenitis (58.8%) and duodenal ulcer (82.8%) patients, as compared to NUD subjects (46.3%). Severe histopathological lesions were frequently associated with multiple bacteriological test positives.
Adult↗
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix metastatic to breast--report of a case.
A rare case of Carcinoma cervix metastasising to breast is reported and literature reviewed. Need to consider the diagnosis in patients with known malignancy is emphasized.
Adult↗
Effect of cambendazole and haloxon on the carbohydrate metabolism of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae (Nematoda).
Cambendazole 10(-4) M significantly reduced the level of glycogen in both the parasites. Lactic acid level was found enhanced. Oxygen consumption was suppressed by 63 and 94% in A. galli and H. gallinae, respectively, by 10(-4) M cambendazole. Haloxon did not cause any significant change in glycogen and lactic acid level in either parasite, but reduced oxygen consumption by 23 and 31% in Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae, respectively.
Animals↗
Norplant-2 rods contraceptive subdermal implants: two-year experience in Singapore.
Norplant-2 contraceptive implants consist of two Silastic rods in which levonorgestrel has been incorporated with the polymer. This on-going study describes our two-year experience with 100 acceptors of Norplant-2 rods in Singapore. No pregnancies occurred during the first two years of use. Desire for planned pregnancy and menstrual irregularities accounted for 86.4% of the removals during this period. The continuation rate at the end of two years was 78%. The post-removal conception rate in women desiring planned pregnancy was 54.5% at the end of one year. Apart from this apparent slow return of fertility requiring future close surveillance, it appears that the Norplant-2 rod system offers a highly effective and convenient means of contraception.
Adolescent↗
Long-acting progestins--an update.
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Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
Norplant contraceptive subdermal implants: two-year experience in Singapore.
Norplant contraceptive implants are Silastic containing levonorgestrel implants. This study describes our two-year experience with 100 acceptors of Norplant implants in Singapore. No pregnancies occurred during the first two years of use. Desire for planned pregnancy and disruption of menstrual rhythm were the two main reasons for twenty implant removals during the two years. The continuation rate at the end of two years was 79%. The post-removal conception rate in women desiring pregnancy was 90% at the end of one year. It thus appears that the Norplant contraceptive system offers a highly effective, acceptable, reversible and safe method of contraception.
Adolescent↗
Pregnancy outcome in unmarried teenage nulligravidae in Singapore.
Singapore, like other newly industralized countries, has seen a dramatic transformation in the social standards of its population in a particularly short space of time. Unfortunately, this period of development has been accompanied by an escalation in the number of pregnancies to unmarried teenage girls. This paper examines the obstetric and social implications of 150 such pregnancies in younger and older teenagers. Poor intrauterine growth in the younger teenager appears to be the most important adverse obstetric outcome in that mean birthweight was significantly reduced (2738 g compared to 3054 g; P less than 0.02). We believe this to be an important explanation for the five-fold increase in perinatal mortality seen in this group of mothers. Unlike some other reports, we found no significant increase in the incidence of cephalopelvic disproportion, anemia or pregnancy induced hypertension in these mothers. The social implications of teenage pregnancy in Singapore are also examined and recommendations made for methods to curb the problem.
Adolescent↗
The effect of levamisole and albendazole on some enzymes of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae.
Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae obtained from the common fowl Gallus gallus were exposed to 10(-2)-10(-5)M levamisole and albendazole; both compounds caused death of the parasites in vitro. The effect of the drugs was investigated on homogenates of the treated worms. Albendazole, at 10(-2)M, inhibited oxaloacetate reduction by 67 and 53% and malate oxidation by 21 and 17% in A. galli and H. gallinae, respectively, whereas 10(-4)M levamisole completely inhibited malate dehydrogenase activity in both directions in the two parasites. Lactate dehydrogenase was not affected significantly by either anthelmintic. Aldolase activity was diminished by 57 and 32% in A. galli and H. gallinae, respectively, with 10(-4)M levamisole. Levamisole at 10(-4)M also inhibited the activity of acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterase and cholinesterase. Albendazole had no significant effect on these enzymes in either parasite. Malate dehydrogenase and cholinesterase activity of the host tissue (intestine and caecum) was also reduced significantly with 10(-2) and 10(-3)M levamisole. These studies indicated a multiple mode of action of levamisole and albendazole.
Albendazole↗
Brown adipose tissue in lean and fat selection lines of sheep identified by immunodetection of uncoupling protein in western blots of tissue homogenates.
1. Uncoupling protein (UCP) was purified from perirenal adipose tissue of 2-day-old lambs by a procedure involving Triton solubilization and hydroxyapatite treatment. It has an apparent Mr of 34,000. 2. Rabbit anti-sheep UCP and rabbit anti-rat UCP each cross-reacted with both rat and sheep UCP in Western blots, indicating that the major antigenic determinants of the sheep UCP and rat UCP are similar. 3. In Western blots, the anti-sheep UCP showed tissue specificity by detecting a band corresponding to UCP only in brown adipose tissue, but not in heart or liver homogenates. 4. The Western blotting procedure was used to analyse sheep tissues. UCP was detected in samples of perirenal, omental, back and lymph node fat from 2-day-old lambs, but not in heart, liver, muscle or kidney samples. 5. UCP was not detected in any tissue samples from 34-day-old or 7-month-old lambs. 6. Comparison of the amount of UCP in perirenal fat of 2-day-old lambs from lean, fat and control selection lines, using the Western blotting procedure, showed no apparent difference.
Adipose Tissue↗
Two-year follow-up of changes in clinical chemistry in Singaporean Norplant acceptors: metabolic changes.
In this longitudinal study involving 100 Singaporean acceptors, the effects of Norplant on metabolic function was evaluated. With respect to liver function, the results at the end of two years still indicate the presence of possible hepatocellular dysfunction. Despite a 4.5% decrease in serum bilirubin during the second year, the mean serum bilirubin still remained significantly raised (p less than 0.001). Furthermore there was a significant fall in total proteins and globulin during the period under review (p less than 0.001). However mean levels of all three parameters remained within the normal clinical range. As regards lipid metabolism, the total triglycerides and total cholesterol still remained significantly decreased at the end of two years (p less than 0.001). The LDL-cholesterol, which was significantly decreased at the end of one year, increased by 2.2% during the second year. However, this rise in LDL-cholesterol was not significant and was still below the preinsertion level. The HDL-cholesterol levels returned to their preinsertion levels after a significant increase in the first year. The HDL-cholesterol/Total cholesterol - HDL-cholesterol ratio returned to its preinsertion value at the end of two years while the LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was still significantly lower than the preinsertion ratio (p less than 0.05). As we have not incorporated a simultaneous non-steroid treated control group, the observed changes in lipoprotein lipids could be attributed to extraneous factors such as diet, exercise or other environmental changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bilirubin↗