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Biomedical subjects

K Shinomiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Shinomiya.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Rosette-increasing factor released by PHA-stimulated mononuclear cells in vitro which augments active E and EA rosette formation.

The supernatants of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated mononuclear (MN) cells contained a factor that significantly increased active E and EA (IgG) RFC which belonged to T cells and such was termed 'rosette-increasing factor' (RIF). This factor was demonstrated after as early as 2 hr of cluture and remained stable thereafter. The production of the factor seemed to be independent of macrophages and was mainly by nylon wool-adherent T cells. Cycloheximide and cytochalasin B pretreatment of MN cells prior to the addition of PHA abolished the activity of the supernatants in a dose-dependent manner, whereas mitomycin C and colchicine had no effect. As active E-RFC and Fc (IgG) receptor-positive T cells are considered to be closely correlated with cell-mediated immunity, this factor may play an important role in cellular immune response.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1979

Interaction among IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, PCA reaction and delayed hypersensitivity reaction (at local skin sites of monkeys).

The effect of the IgE-mediated reaction on the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction was studied at local skin sites of monkeys, and we found that the IgE-mediated reaction appeared to enhance the PCA reaction. Interactions among IgE-mediated reaction, PCA reaction and delayed hypersensitivity reaction were also determined. Contact dermatitis induced with DNCB was utilized as the delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The IgE-mediated reactior or PCA reaction, as well as simple serum irritation, enhanced the delayed hypersensitivity reaction. It is thus assumed that the IgE-mediated reaction enhances the PCA reaction and that this in turn accelerates the delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Suppressive effect of IgA soluble immune complexes on neutrophil chemotaxis.

The effect of IgA and IgG soluble immune complexes (SIC) on neutrophil chemotaxis was investigated. Six types of SIC were prepared from kappa-type IgA and IgG myeloma proteins: IgA-anti-kappa chain antibody SIC in IgA excess, IgA-anti-kappa chain antibody in SIC in anti-kappa chain antibody excess, IgA-anti-alpha chain antibody SIC in IgA excess, IgG-anti-kappa chain antibody SIC in IgG excess, IgG-anti-kappa chain antibody SIC in anti-kappa chain antibody excess, and IgG-anti-gamma chain antibody SIC in IgG excess. Three types of IgA SIC had a marked suppressive effect on neutrophil chemotaxis, while IgG SIC, free IgA, free anti-kappa chain antibody, and free anti-gamma chain antibody showed no inhibitory activity. This suppressive effect on neutrophil chemotaxis caused specifically by polymerized IgA was a cell-directed one and was expressed in a concentration dependent manner.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1979

Effects of concanavalin A-induced cells on the proliferative response of T cells. Concanavalin A-induced suppressor and amplifier cells to the proliferative response of human T cells to trinitrophenyl-modified autologous lymphocytes.

Effects of Con A-induced human mononuclear cells on the proliferative response of peripheral T cells were examined by using TNP-modified autologous lymphocytes as stimulator cells. Cells induced by incubation with Con A contained both suppressor cells and amplifier cells. The former were induced from nylon wool-nonadherent T cells and these precursor cells were sensitive to mitomycin treatment. On the other hand, amplifier precursor cells were nylon wool-nonadherent T cells and were resistant to mitomycin treatment. Cell proliferation was required for the induction of suppressor cells but not for the induction of amplifier cells. Con A-induced suppressor effector cells were both nylon wool-adherent and nonadherent cells, on the contrary, Con A-induced amplifier effector cells were nonadherent cells. A small number of macrophages enhanced the suppressive activity of nonadherent T cells when added at the induction phase of suppressor T cells.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gel electrophoresis of the alpha-2-Gc globulin group under various conditions].

Our experiments confirm the transformation of the group-specific component Gc into alpha 1-globulin. This transformation was more marked in blood samples subjected to repeated freezing-thawing procedures, and was very weak in samples subjected to repeated freezing-thawing procedures after mixing serum and red blood cells. The active factor responsible for this transformation was inhibited by heating at 56 degrees C for one minute in a water-bath. The transformation of the group-specific component was accomplished immediately by mixing serum and extract of platelets. The extract of platelets induced an increase in the rate of migration of all Gc components on immunoelectrophoresis, and it induced a decrease in the isoelectric point of all Gc components on Ampholine PAG plates with a pH range of 4 to 6.5. It induced a decrease in the rate of migration of all Gc components on polyacrylamide gel (7.5%) electrophoresis. A similar transformation was induced by homogenized fluid of cardiac muscle of cow and chicken, and pectoral muscle of the chicken.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatotoxicity of dichloromethane.

We studied hepatotoxicity of dichloromethane using primary cultures of parenchymal cells (hepatocyte) from adult rat livers. The production of carbon monoxide from dichloromethane increased with time, the increased cell number, and the concentration of dichloromethane. However, the carbon monoxide production per hepatocyte decreased with increasing cell density. When dichloromethane was in a high concentration, the metabolism of dichloromethane to carbon monoxide was extensively depressed, total glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and mitochondrial GOT (m-GOT) levels in the cultured medium were extensively elevated, and the cultured hepatocytes were destroyed by dichloromethane. A case of accidental exposure to dichloromethane which occurred in Japan was also considered, and it is suspected that the inhalation of dichloromethane vapors in a high concentration for many hours may cause hepatotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of gene into the rabbit eye by iontophoresis: preliminary report.

PURPOSE: To assess the transfer of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM)-labeled phosphorothioate oligonucleotides(S-ODNs) into the ocular tissues, their stability, and possibility of injury to the ocular tissues. METHODS: The S-ODNs(2 mL/eye)were transduced noninvasively into albino rabbit eyes.The iontophoresis group consisted of 6 rabbits (12 eyes); the control group consisted of 2 rabbits (4 eyes) given eye drops containing S-ODNs. Aqueous humor and vitreous humor were collected after iontophoresis, subjected to electrophoresis with a fluorescence DNA sequencer and analyzed by the Gene Scan program. Frozen sections, 10-microm thick, were prepared for observation under a fluorescence microscope. A plasmid 4.7 kbp in size that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) was induced into the 18 eyes of 9 rabbits by the same procedure. RESULTS: In the iontophoresis group, S-ODNs were detected in the anterior chamber 5 minutes after electrophoresis began and in the vitreous after 10 minutes. These S-ODNs maintained the same length as at the initial synthesis. The S-ODNs could also be detected in the posterior retina 20 minutes after electrophoresis. No evidence of degeneration or inflammation due to the above procedure was found in the ocular tissues. Fluorescence showing GFP gene expression was found in the cornea, the anterior chamber angle, and the ciliary subepithelial tissues. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that iontophoresis is an effective method to induce genes into the rabbit eye.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relation between the painful shoulder and the cervical spine with narrow canal in patients without obvious radiculopathy.

It is well known that cervical radiculopathy sometimes causes shoulder pain. Hypothesizing that the cause of painful shoulder is related to the cervical spine in the absence of obvious radiculopathy, we measured the anteroposterior diameter of the spinal canal and the range of motion of the cervical spine in patients with painful shoulder on lateral cervical radiographs of the spine. Painful shoulder was diagnosed in 76 patients (24 men and 52 women; mean age 57.6 years). Patients who reported neck pain or numbness of the upper limbs and patients with neurologic abnormalities were excluded from this study. A control group of 54 asymptomatic volunteers (27 men and 27 women; mean age 55.5 years) was formed. The difference in age between the patient group and the control group was not significant. The anteroposterior diameter of the spinal canal at C5 and C6 in the painful-shoulder group (C5: 12.74 mm; C6: 12.76 mm) was significantly narrower than in the control group (C5: 13.60 mm; C6: 13.79 mm). The range of motion was greatest at C4-5 and smallest at C2-3 in both groups; and there was no significant difference in the range of motion between the painful-shoulder group and the control group. When women only or men only were assessed, the results were nearly the same between groups. The cervical spine without obvious radiculopathy appears to be involved in patients with a painful shoulder. We speculate that the shoulder is affected by irritation of a cervical nerve root or referred pain.

Adult↗