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Biomedical subjects

K Sakata

Publications and source records attributed to K Sakata.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical study on serum immunosuppressive factors in gastric cancer patients--with special reference to preoperative ferritin levels and influence of surgical stress].

Serum ferritin values were measured preoperatively in 83 patients with gastric cancer and were found to be significantly higher than in normal subjects and mammary cancer patients. They were also significantly higher in healthy men than in women and in gastric cancer patients at stages I and IV than in those at stage III. There was no significant correlation between the serum ferritin value and various immunologic parameters. OK-432 serially administered pre- and postoperatively (A) and only postoperatively (B). The ferritin value increased markedly at one week postoperatively, reaching a peak at two weeks; at four weeks, it was reduced toward the value at one week. However, these changes in ferritin value showed no significant difference between groups A and B.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1985

[Observation on natural killer cell activity in gastric cancer patients and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in gastric cancer patients. Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, OK-432, was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the gastric cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of cancer at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal metastasis was significantly lower than that in the cases without such metastasis. NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of OK-432 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of OK-432 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

On the pathway of the rectosphincteric reflex.

In several rat models, including those with circular and semicircular rectal aganglionosis, the rectosphincteric reflex was examined. The reflex was confirmed to be essentially an intramural one and its route is considered to run mainly in the longitudinal and partly in the oblique directions.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1984

Statistical analyses on the pattern of food consumption and digestive-tract cancers in Japan.

The relationships between areal differences in mortality from six digestive-tract cancers and consumption of selected foods in 46 of the 47 Japanese prefectures (Okinawa being excluded) were analyzed. Statistical analyses disclosed that the groups of foods positively associated with cancer death were as follows: for esophageal cancer, pork, oil, popular-grade sake, and green tea; for stomach cancer, fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt, and special-grade sake; for colon cancer, bread, milk, butter, margarine, ketchup, beer, and salted or dried fish; for rectal cancer, fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt, and popular-grade sake; for cancer of the biliary passages, pork, popular-grade sake, and green tea; and for pancreatic cancer, oil, mayonnaise, fresh fish, and salted or dried fish. These results are based on statistical analyses. Further epidemiological analyses are required to find a biological causal relationship.

Demography↗
PubMed1984

Facilitation of tumor metastasis by operative stress and participation of cell-mediated immunity. Experimental study.

5-week-old syngeneic female SD rats were inoculated subcutaneously at the dorsal flank with 200 mg of a metastasizing rat's mammary tumor, MRMT-1. A significantly higher incidence of lung metastasis was observed in the cases in which tumor excision on day 14 was accompanied by 30 min laparotomy than in the cases of simple tumor excision. PHA lymphoblastogenesis on day 17 was significantly lower in the cases of tumor excision plus laparotomy on day 14 than in the cases of simple tumor excision. Winn's assay using splenocytes revealed a postoperative enhanced suppressor activity in the cases undergoing laparotomy stress. Possible participation of the raised suppressor activity to facilitation of metastasis was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative evaluation of fatty liver by computed tomography in rabbits.

Biochemical, histologic, and computed tomographic (CT) examinations of the liver were performed in 32 rabbits in which fatty liver was induced by prolonged intravenous fat infusion. In two groups of rabbits, in which 2 and 4 g/kg/day of fat emulsion was administered, respectively, posttreatment reduction in CT value of mild degree was observed, but the reduction was insignificant from the standpoint of diagnosis from CT images. In the group that received 8 g/kg/day of fat emulsion, posttreatment change in CT value was -14.9 +/- 5.1 H, a sufficient reduction for a diagnosis of fatty liver of moderate degree. No significant change in CT value was seen in the no-treatment group or in the group in which 80 ml/kg/day of normal saline solution was infused for 4 weeks. Reduction in CT value in fatty liver might be due largely to accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol in the liver cells. Significant correlation was found between changes in CT value of the liver and degrees of histologic fat accumulation in the liver cells. Consecutive measurement of CT values of the liver during prolonged intravenous hyperalimentation is a nonaggressive method of diagnosing fatty liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Study on penetration of cefotiam into the cerebrospinal fluid].

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephem antibiotic which has potent activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We investigated the prophylactic treatment of CTM in orthopedic surgery and the concentrations of CTM Gram-negative in cerebrospinal fluid. The mean serum concentration at 2 hours after the drip infusion of CTM (3 g) was 28.28 +/- 5.48 micrograms/ml, and the mean concentration of CTM in cerebrospinal fluid was 0.58 +/- 0.07 micrograms/ml. From the result of multi-regression analysis in group I (12 cases, over 40 years old) and group II (10 cases, below 39 years old), it was suggested that the factor of age had a marked effect on cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of CTM. (Group I greater than Group II) High concentrations of CTM in cerebrospinal fluid after the 3 g-administration, exceeding the MIC80 for most causative organisms, suggested very useful prophylactic treatment of CTM in orthopedic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Isolation of an eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine as a natural mediator for eosinophil chemotaxis from concanavalin A-induced skin reaction sites in guinea-pigs.

An intradermal injection with 20 micrograms concanavalin A (Con A) induce a marked tissue eosinophilia peaking at 24 h after the injection in guinea-pigs. Two different eosinophil chemotactic factors (ECFs) were isolated from the Con A-induced skin reaction sites. A non-dialysable ECF with mol. wt of about 70,000 closely resembled delayed ECF-a, which had been isolated from active cutaneous anaphylactic skin lesions and confirmed to be a product of T lymphocytes by antigenic stimulation, by virtue of the antigenicity, the chromatographic profiles on Sephadex G-100 and on DEAE-Sephadex, affinity to Con A-Sepharose, and other physicochemical properties. The activity of the factor paralleled the intensity of tissue eosinophilia, suggesting that the factor may function for the tissue eosinophilia as a natural mediator. Although another ECF with a low mol. wt (dialysable) was isolated from the same skin lesions, the dialysable factor may not contribute to the tissue eosinophilia because the activity of the factor paralleled the intensity of tissue basophilia but not that of eosinophilia.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Difference in requirement of macrophage products for concanavalin A-induced production of eosinophil chemotactic factor and macrophage chemotactic factor from guinea pig lymphocytes in vitro.

Differences between the conditions for an eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) and macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) production by lymphoid cells of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were studied in guinea pigs. If lymphoid cells were washed less than 4 hr after concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation and were cultured for an additional 24 hr, they failed to produce ECF, whereas Con A stimulation for 1 hr before washing was sufficient to stimulate them to produce MCF. Subsequently, it was shown that heat-labile soluble factors (termed ECF-PF) with potentiating activity for ECF production are produced from macrophages by 5 micrograms/ml Con A activation. When ECF-PF were added to the cell culture with 5 micrograms/ml Con A, the lymphoid cells could produce ECF even when they were washed 2 hr after Con A stimulation and were cultured for an additional 24 hr, suggesting that ECF-PF plays a critical role in the early stage of ECF production. The lymphoid cells were also able to produce ECF even when they were cultured with ECF-PF and a suboptimal dose of Con A (1 microgram/ml) for ECF production. Protein synthesis seemed to be essential for ECF-PF production. The ECF-PF activity was associated with two separated molecular fractions with m.w. of about 50,000 to 70,000 and of 10,000 to 20,000. It is thus suggested that ECF is produced from T cells by Con A stimulation under conditions which differ, at least, from those for MCF in the requirement of ECF-PF.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Geographical difference of mortality of digestive cancers and food consumption].

The geographical differences in mortality from cancer of seven sites of the digestive organs and consumption of foods in 46 of the prefectures, excluding Okinawa and their capital cities were statistically observed. The groups of foods statistically associated with cancer death are: pork, cooking oil and shochu (low class distilled spirits) for esophageal cancer; fresh fish, salted fish, vegetables and alcoholic beverages for stomach cancer; alcoholic beverages, salted or dried fish, vegetables, bread, milk, butter, margarine, ketchup, beer and fresh fish for colonic cancer; fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt and popular grade sake for rectal cancer; pork, popular grade sake and green tea for cancer of the biliary passages; salted or dried fish, vegetables, alcoholic beverages, oil and fresh fish for pancreatic cancer; beef, poultry, eggs and vinegar for liver cancer. Further epidemiological analyses are required to find the biological causal relationships.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental study on quantitative evaluation of fatty liver by computed tomography].

Biochemical, histological and CT examinations of the liver were performed in 32 rabbits on significance of measuring CT values in the diagnosis of fatty liver. In 2 groups of rabbits, in which 2g/kg/day and 4g/kg/day of fat emulsion were administered intravenously for 4 weeks respectively, post-treatment reduction in CT value of light degree was observed. In a group, in which 8g/kg/day were given, there was a sufficient reduction in CT value for giving diagnosis of fatty liver of moderate degree. Significant correlation was found between changes in CT value of the liver on the one hand and contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the liver on the other hand, while there was, no significant correlation between changes in CT value and contents of phospholipid, protein and water. Significant correlation was found between changes in CT value of the liver and degrees of histological fat accumulation in the liver cells. It has been evidenced experimentally that prolonged administration of fat emulsion may cause fatty liver, and that measurement of CT values of the liver is a non-aggressive method of diagnosing fatty liver.

Animals↗