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Biomedical subjects

K Sakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Sakamoto.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case of mediastinal seminoma which penetrated pericardium and invaded left upper lobe].

A 35-year-old man admitted at our hospital, with a complaint of anterior chest pain. Chest x-ray film and CT showed an anterior mediastinal tumor. An invasive thymoma was suspected by the biopsy specimen, invading left upper lobe of the lung. Resections of the tumor, thymus, invasion to the part of the left upper lobe and the pericardium were performed. The pathology showed pure seminoma penetrating the pericardium. As testis and the retroperitoneum were normal, the tumor was diagnosed as mediastinal origin. Adjuvant chemotherapy (CDDP, BLM and etoposide) and irradiation were performed. The patient is alive and well for 7 months postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Post-irradiation protective effect of irsogladine maleate on intestinal crypt stem cells in mice.

Radioprotective effect of irsogladine maleate, an anti-ulcer drug, on the intestinal crypt stem cell survival was studied in mice using a crypt microcolony assay. Irsogladine maleate was injected intraperitoneally immediately after irradiation and then, daily for three days. A successive administration of the drug following 10 Gy of irradiation increased the survival of intestinal stem cells with a clear dose-related trend. In order to estimate the D0, survival curves were determined for X-ray plus placebo and X-ray plus 10 mg/kg of irsogladine maleate. The D0, for X-ray plus the drug was 2.2 Gy while it was 1.9 Gy for X-ray plus placebo. These findings suggest that isogladine maleate can be applied for the alleviation of intestinal damages in heavily irradiated people by radiation accidents.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A case of invasive thymoma which had grown in the SVC via left innominate vein through thymic vein].

A 66-year-old male was referred to our department with mediastinal tumor. The chest X-ray and the chest CT showed a large tumor adjacent to pulmonary artery and descending aorta. Cavogram revealed a filling defect of the SVC. He underwent complete resection of the tumor, resection of the SVC and reconstruction of the SVC with ringed PTFE. The main tumor was 12 x 7 cm in size and the tumor in the SVC was 20 x 15 mm in size. Histopathological findings showed a lymphocytic thymoma. Compact invaded nest of tumor cell was found in the innominate vein. The tumor in the SVC was invasive to the intima of the SVC, but its media and adventure were intact. This case is rare among patients with invasive thymoma as far as the growth is concerned.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Effect of diltiazem on the pharmacokinetics of MPC-1304, a new calcium channel blocker.

The effect of diltiazem pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MPC-1304, a new calcium channel blocker, were evaluated in six healthy male volunteers. Placebo or diltiazem 60 mg was given orally three times daily for 3 days in a double-blind crossover method. MPC-1304 10 mg was administered orally two times at an interval of four weeks as a washout period. Diltiazem significantly increased the maximum plasma level (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of MPC-1304 from control values (3.0 +/- 1.5 to 10.2 +/- 4.8 ng/ml, p less than 0.05, and 11.0 +/- 3.8 to 36.0 +/- 15.6 ng.h/ml, p less than 0.01, respectively) without any changes of t1/2. In the case of the major active metabolite, side chain reduced form (MI), Cmax, AUC, and t1/2 were significantly increased by diltiazem as follows: Cmax, 60.7 +/- 21.1 to 171.4 +/- 73.6 ng/ml, p less than 0.05; AUC, 317.6 +/- 62.6 to 1,334.9 +/- 563.6 ng.h/ml, p less than 0.01; t1/2, 2.8 +/- 0.7 to 3.9 +/- 0.6 h, p less than 0.01. Diltiazem pretreatment slightly, but not significantly decreased blood pressure after MPC-1304 dosing. The inhibition of hepatic metabolism on MPC-1304 may explain the significant changes in pharmacokinetics of MPC-1304 after diltiazem pretreatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A case of allergic bronchopulmonary candidiasis treated with amphotericin B inhalation].

A 77-year-old man underwent emergency admission for nocturnal asthmatic attack. Although his asthmatic attack improved within a few days with treatment including systemic corticosteroid, bilateral recurrent infiltrative shadows developed in his chest roentgenogram in association with a further exacerbation of dyspnea. Various antibiotic agents were given; however, the pulmonary infiltration did not improve. He was transferred to our department with the diagnosis of intractable pneumonia. C. albicans was detected in the sputum, and both IgE antibody and precipitating antibody specific for C. albicans were positive. Immediate cutaneous reactivity to C. albicans was positive even with a million-fold dilution of antigen extract C. albicans was also detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary candidiasis was made. Chest roentgenographic findings as well as clinical symptoms improved with inhalation of 50 mg of amphotericin B.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

Postoperative elevations of serum interleukin 6 and group II phospholipase A2: group II phospholipase A2 in serum is an acute phase reactant.

Elevations of serum immunoreactive interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Group II phospholipase A2 (M-PLA2) were observed without exception after elective surgeries for various sites. Serum IL-6 rose steeply after surgery, and reached the maximum level on the 1st postoperative day. Serum M-PLA2 increased from the 1st postoperative day and reached the maximum level on the 2nd postoperative day in 10 patients (76.9%), on the first day after surgery in 2 patients and on the 3rd day in one patient. The peak serum M-PLA2 after surgery was significantly correlated with the peak IL-6 and blood loss volume during surgery. These results suggested that serum M-PLA2 is an acute phase reactant.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Membrane-associated phospholipase A2 detected by a radioimmunoassay is a sensitive marker of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

To investigate the clinical significance of membrane-associated phospholipase A2 (M-PLA2) measured by a radioimmunoassay(RIA) in rheumatoid arthritis, we examined serum M-PLA2 concentrations in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All showed elevated levels of serum M-PLA2. On the other hand, serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 were increased in 13 (81.3%) and 14 (87.5%) of 16 patients, respectively. The serum concentrations of M-PLA2 were significantly correlated with those of CRP. These results indicate that M-PLA2 is an acute phase reactant and a sensitive and useful marker of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Low-dose rate telecobalt therapy as a boost against esophageal carcinomas].

The results of treatment of 54 esophageal carcinomas managed with low-dose-rate telecobalt therapy (LDRT) as a boost were compared with those of 89 esophageal carcinomas treated with conventionally fractionated irradiation alone (CFI). The LDRT (1 Gy/hr, 5-7 Gy/day, to a total dose of 14-20 Gy) was boosted about 10 days after the CFI dose of 60 Gy. Although the LDRT group included more advanced cases than the CFI group, local effects and survival rate of the LDRT group, especially those with tumorous X-P and serrated types, were better than those of the CFI group. Late complications were more severe in the LDRT group. However, they were acceptable when the total dose in the LDRT group was brought under 80 Gy.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Cleavage reaction of a synthetic oligoribonucleotide corresponding to the autocleavage site of a precursor RNA from bacteriophage T4.

A fragment (GUUUCGUACAAAC) having a consensus sequence for the self-cleavage domain in a precursor of an RNA molecule from T4-infected Escherichia coli cells (p2Sp1; precursor of species 1) was chemically synthesized and found to be cleaved either between CA (139-140) or between UA (137-138) in the presence of monovalent cations and a non-ionic detergent. The cleaved products had 5'-hydroxyl and 3'-phosphate groups, of which some were in the form 2',3'-cyclic phosphates.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Potentiating effect of NH4Cl on vasoconstriction in rat aorta.

The effect on the vasocontractile response of pretreatment with NH4Cl at a concentration (10 mM) that made almost no change in the resting tension was investigated using aortic strips from rats. NH4Cl pretreatment for 10 min significantly potentiated strip contractions induced by KCl (less than or equal to 30 mM), BAY K 8644 (0.1 microM) and phenylephrine (0.01 microM). This potentiating action of NH4Cl was eliminated in presence of nifedipine (1 microM). KCl (14.7 mM)-stimulated 45Ca uptake in rat aorta was significantly potentiated by pretreatment with NH4Cl (10 mM) for 10 min, but this NH4Cl effect was also eliminated in the presence of nifedipine. These results suggest that NH4Cl potentiates contractions induced by KCl and agonists in rat aorta by facilitating calcium influx through the nifedipine-sensitive calcium channel.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1991

Mechanisms of ex vivo aortic hypocontractility in endotoxemic rat.

To clarify the mechanism of the vascular hypocontractility in endotoxemia, the effect of endotoxin injection on phosphatidylinositol turnover and the contractile responses to NH4Cl and okadaic acid were investigated in aorta dissected from rats. The basal level of phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and the phenylephrine- and 5-hydroxytryptamine-stimulated increase in hydrolysis were all markedly reduced in endotoxemic aortas as compared to in control aortas. Stimulation with KCl did not increase phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in control or endotoxemic aortas. The NH4Cl-induced contractile response was significantly diminished in endotoxemic aorta, whereas the okadaic acid-induced contractile response was not altered. These results suggest that both transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are impaired in the endotoxemic artery whereas the contractile machinery remains intact.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Radiotherapy of intracranial germinomas].

Between 1978 and 1988, 28 patients with intracranial germinoma, verified or presumed, were treated with radiation. The diagnosis was made based on histology in 6 cases, on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in 2 cases and on clinical (response to radiation) and radiological findings in the remaining 20 cases. The target volume was the primary site plus whole brain in 23 cases, whole brain in 4 cases and the primary site only in 1 case. Whole spinal irradiation was undertaken for 14 patients, including 9 patients of high risk group, i.e., with positive findings in CSF cytology, suspected subarachnoid space seeding, multifocal tumors, infiltration to the ventricular wall or previous surgery for the tumor. The average dose was 52.8 Gy to the tumor, 28.7 Gy to the whole brain and 21 Gy to the spinal axis. Five and ten-years survival rate were 100% and 96%, respectively. No intracranial recurrence or spinal metastasis has been found so far. Therefore no spinal irradiation seems to be unnecessary for non-high risk group of patients. Approximately 20 Gy should be sufficient, if spinal irradiation is to be indicated for high risk group. The dose for the primary tumor and whole brain could have been diminished to 40 Gy and 20 Gy, respectively.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of multiple exostoses (17 cases) on bone scintigraphy].

17 patients with multiple exostoses were examined on bone scintigraphy. Inheritance was recognized on seven patients (41%). Onset age of 15 patients was under 20 years old and 10 patients were under 10. The number of lesions was 211 and they were usually recognized at metaphyses of long bones. The degree of accumulation was classified into four grades; 0 (not increased), 1 (slightly-mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (strong). 153 lesions (73%) did not show definite increased activity (Grade 0, 1). Grade 3 included 14 lesions and they tended to be strongly calcified on X-P. This disease was said to transform into chondrosarcoma in 10 to 20%. Transformation was said to occur preferably in adults at heavily calcified lesion or one which showed irregularly thick hyaline cartilage. Such lesions showed more increased accumulation than normal bones. In our cases three cases were resected for this reason but turned out to be benign histologically. One case showed malignant transformation. On this case a large malignant tumor replaced the parent bone and bone scan showed the cold lesion. Bone scintigraphy was considered to be useful to evaluate the biological activity of multiple exostoses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Modulation of HeLa cell growth by transfected 7SL RNA and Alu gene sequences.

Alu and 7SL RNA gene sequences were tested for the potential to regulate mammalian cell growth by introducing these sequences into HeLa cells in a coupled DEAE-dextran transfection/affinity cell sorting system. Both Alu and 7SL RNA genes mediated inhibition of [3H]thymidine and [35S]methionine incorporation in recipient cells. In addition, short term growth curves were performed on calcium phosphate/DNA cotransfected, affinity-purified cells. This second assay revealed that transfected Alu and 7SL RNA can also cause suppression of HeLa cell proliferation. To investigate whether transcription or polymerase III (pol III) transcription factor binding was required for inhibitory activity, mutations were introduced into RNA pol III B block promoter elements in each of these genes. Suppression of [3H]thymidine incorporation was dependent on the presence of this pol III element in both genes; likewise, 7SL RNA-mediated growth suppression required the presence of the pol III B block promoter element. The results of this study indicate that Alu and 7SL RNA gene sequences interact with cellular factors that are important for HeLa cell proliferation and suggest that these pol III-transcribed elements may be involved in the regulation of cellular growth.

Base Sequence↗