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Biomedical subjects

K Sakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Sakamoto.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Intraoperative radiation therapy combined with hyperthermia against pancreatic carcinoma.

Fourteen patients with pancreatic carcinoma were treated by intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) combined with hyperthermia (hyperthermia group). Their treatment results were compared with those of fifty five patients treated by IORT without hyperthermia (control group). Most of patients underwent some kind of chemotherapy for the carcinoma and some of them received post-operative irradiation. Although there was no significant difference in pain relief between hyperthermia group and control group, the local tumor control rate of the former group was a little better. The survival rate of all patients was 14.5% at one year, 2.9% at two years, 2.9% at three years and 0% at four years after surgery. The survival rate of the hyperthermia group was 21.4% at one year and 7.1% at two years and that of the control group was 12.7% at one year and 1.8% at two years. The survival of the hyperthermia group was a little better than that of control group, but the difference was not significant. Only 36% of patients of hyperthermia group were successfully heated, and if hyperthermia were given successfully to all patients, their prognoses would be possibly improved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Treatment results by uneven fractionated irradiation, low-dose rate telecobalt therapy as a boost, and intraoperative irradiation for malignant glioma.

The prognosis of malignant glioma is extremely poor. We applied conventionally fractionated irradiation combined with 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea (ACNU), uneven fractionated irradiation with ACNU, low dose rate telecobalt therapy as a boost, and intraoperative irradiation against 110 malignant gliomas to investigate the efficacy of these methods as alternative treatments for malignant glioma. Although local tumor control by uneven fractionated irradiation was better than that by the other methods, no significant improvement was obtained in survival rates. As a result of multiple regression analysis, age and histology were major factors for survival rates, and the difference of treatment methods was not important. Both low-dose rate telecobalt therapy as a boost and intraoperative irradiation showed little advantage because of the high risk of brain necrosis associated with them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Radioresponse and prognosis of malignant glioma.

Radioresponse and prognosis of 91 malignant gliomas were studied to examine the efficacy of radiotherapy. There was no case of complete response. No statistically significant difference was observed among the prognoses of patients with various radiation methods. General survival rate was significantly higher than relapse-free survival rate both in astrocytoma grade III and in glioblastoma. This means that the retreatment after relapse is exceedingly important in any malignant glioma. In comparison with reported resection alone data, the efficiency of radiotherapy was evident in astrocytoma grade III and a part of glioblastoma; cases with minimal or no contrast enhanced area (CEA) in CT scans prior to irradiation. Poor radioresponders of glioblastoma with CEA should be reoperated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Characteristics of physiological tremor in five fingers and evaluations of fatigue of fingers in typing.

Physiological tremor, which is the invisible mechanical vibration of body part, was measured for five fingers. It was obtained that the power spectrum always has two peaks at 10 and 25Hz for each of the five fingers. The peaks were considered to be generated in the following two loop systems: The component of the lower frequency originated from the central nervous system as a long loop, and that of the higher frequency originated from the muscle-spine loop system as a short loop. The total power, which was the sum of power spectra ranging from 1.5 to 50Hz, was defined as an evaluation index, and it showed characteristic results for the five fingers. The muscular load produced by two hours of typing work was responsible mainly for the increase of total power and for the change of peak frequencies. The mechanism for the change of the power spectrum due to muscular load was well explained by the two-loop theory. It was found that the fatigue of the fingers due to muscular load could be evaluated by the total power.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

On the visual recognition of moving letter.

The visual recognition (i.e., legibility) of moving object was studied. The numerical letters were mainly used as the objects. The influences of (1) direction of the movement, (2) thickness of line of letter (i.e., stroke width), and (3) design of letter to the visual recognition were measured. From these measurements, the optimal numerical letters were proposed in the first step of the study, which were called as IMAL(initial most optimal arabic letters). The visual recognition of both moving letters IMAL and letters JIS (Japan industrial standard) employed for motionless-state was compared for both the moving and the motionless states. In the presentation for motionless state, letters JIS showed lower error rate, but the statistical significance was not proved, while in the presentation for horizontally moving state letters IMAL showed better visual recognition than letters JIS was the significant level of 5%. Therefore, the useful numerical letters for moving state could be designed in the study. Moreover, the visual recognition of letters IMAL was evaluated for various moving velocities. The optimal moving velocities for both letters IMAL and JIS were found.

Computer-Aided Design↗
PubMed1992

Radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the pelvis: evaluation with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy.

99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone scans in 80 patients, 30-80 years old (average, 62 years old) with uterine cancer who received high doses of radiation (10-60 Gy; average, 46 Gy) were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the frequency of pelvic insufficiency fractures caused by radiotherapy and to study the appearance of the fractures on bone scans. Bone scans in 29 of 80 patients showed abnormalities in the pelvis: insufficiency fractures were identified in 27 patients (34%) and osseous metastases were found in two patients (3%). The fractures and metastases were diagnosed by CT and were confirmed by observing the patients' clinical courses. Fractures were identified in 27 (39%) of 69 postmenopausal women and in none of 11 premenopausal patients (p greater than .05). Fractures were found in 21 (84%) of 25 patients who had pelvic pain and in six (11%) of 55 patients who were asymptomatic (p greater than .001). Scintigrams in patients with fractures showed more than one fracture in most patients (85%), and fractures were often symmetric (67%). Scintigrams in two patients with osseous metastases showed increased activity in an iliac wing that was outside the radiation field. Our results suggest that a marked increase in insufficiency fractures occurs after radiation therapy, especially in postmenopausal patients. A symmetric area of increased uptake of radionuclide is a characteristic scintigraphic appearance of an insufficiency fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ciliary beat of cultured human respiratory cells studied with differential interference microscope and high speed video system.

The ciliary beating of upper respiratory tract cells cultured on cover glasses was studied by using differential interference microscope equipped with high speed video. By culturing the cells on collagen coated cover glasses, objectives with higher magnifications could be used. With this system we could evaluate not only ciliary beat frequency, but also amplitude, wave form, orientation and synchrony of ciliary beating. Also some structural anomalies such as compound cilia and tide cilia bundles could be recognized. Ciliary beat frequency measured from 1,026 ciliated cells was 20.6 +/- 4.7 Hz (mean +/- SD). The orientation of ciliary beat directions was random and the mean standard deviation for measured angles was 73.0 degrees +/- 28.9 degrees (mean SD +/- SD). When the ciliary beat frequency was 20 Hz, the time used for effective phase was 0.022 +/- 0.002 s (mean +/- SD), and 0.028 +/- 0.004 s (mean +/- SD) for the recovery phase of beat. This system is advantageous for studying ciliary function because all parts can be studied simultaneously with higher magnification, and the effects of chemical physical mediators can be studied without disturbing effects of the autonomic nervous system or secretory cells. Also, the same cells could be observed before and after challenge with test medication and thus evaluated more accurately.

Cilia↗
PubMed1992

Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on survival in lethally irradiated mice.

Repeated injections of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to lethally irradiated mice increased the rate of animal survival. Dose modification factor was 1.20 when 4.5 micrograms/mouse of rhG-CSF was given daily for 14 days after whole body irradiation. Haematological examinations revealed that rhG-CSF increased the number of blood-circulating leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and erythrocytes, but not that of lymphocytes and thrombocytes. Spleen weight and number of endogenous spleen colonies were also increased by rhG-CSF treatment compared with the values for mice irradiated only.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Prognostic factors in radiation-treated esophageal carcinoma.

Prognostic factors in esophageal carcinoma treated with irradiation were examined. The prognosis of 111 patients without metastasis who had received more than 60 Gy was analyzed. Significant associations were found between survival rates and tumor length, stage, radioresponse of the primary tumor and the s.c. X-P classification based on barium contrast radiography; superficial type (tumor limited to the surface of the esophageal wall), tumorous type (solid mass without ulceration), Ul-A type (tumor with shallow ulceration with regular margin), Ul-B type (tumor with deep ulceration or irregular ulcer margin), and funneled type (tumor invading the esophageal wall in a scirrhous pattern). In multiple regression analysis, the X-P classification had the strongest correlation with survival and the survival rates of patients with the superficial type, the tumorous type and the s.c. Ul-A type were significantly higher than those of patients with the other tumor types (p < 0.001).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A study of factors affecting the concentration of serum lipid peroxide in the elderly inhabitants in a rural area].

Among 16 male (mean age of 66.6 years) and 51 female (mean age of 65.3 years) inhabitants of a rural area, the concentration of serum lipid peroxide measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) by Yagi's method was analyzed by physicochemical and food intake items. The MDA level in serum showed a peak of 6.2 nmol/ml at fifties years old in females and showed constant values of 4.6 and 6.1 nmol/ml for females and males, respectively, in those aged 60 more. The MDA level significantly correlated positively to total- or LDL-cholesterol level and urinary K/Cr, thus MDA level seemed to be a risk factor of arteriosclerosis. Fruit intake significantly positively correlated to MDA level in male. The MDA level showed a significantly higher level in the group with both higher total-cholesterol and urinary K/Cr levels, than in the other groups. It is suggested that a high intake of potassium increases the MDA level in the group with higher total-cholesterol level.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Detection of the tumor marker D-galactose-beta-(1-->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine in colonic cancer and precancer.

The enzyme D-galactose oxidase (GO) oxidizes the carbon-6 position of the hydroxyl groups of galactose-N-acetyl galactosamine, which are commonly present in colon cancer cells and in rectal mucin of patients with colon cancer. We have studied the marker disaccharide galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine on tissue sections by the GO-Schiff reagent in normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic human colorectal epithelial and compared it with peanut agglutinin reactivity. Fifty-seven (81.4%) of 70 carcinomas, 83.3% (10/12) of precancerous lesions, 50% (10/20) of the mucosa remote from cancer, and 58.1% (25/43) of the mucosa immediately adjacent to cancer showed a positive reaction with GO-Schiff, but the normal control mucosa was nonreactive. The GO-Schiff reagent showed an intense reactivity with mucinous adenocarcinomas and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. An intense reactivity was also seen in the intracellular mucus of abnormal dilated crypts (polyps, five of five cases; colitis, four of seven cases; and remote mucosa, 10 of 20 cases). Comparison of peanut agglutinin and GO-Schiff reactivity showed that the nonmucinous (glandular) adenocarcinomas less frequently reacted with the GO-Schiff sequence. Our results showed that the carbohydrate moiety detected by the two techniques may not necessarily be the same, warranting further biochemical analysis. Meanwhile, the data suggested that, like peanut agglutinin, the GO-Schiff sequence has the potential to identify the tumor marker either at the tissue level or by a mucin test for screening colorectal cancer or precancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Postoperative management in neonate after open cardiac surgery].

Recent advances in diagnostic method and preoperative care have allowed us to perform surgical repair in neonate. Important to the successful outcome of open cardiac surgery in neonate is cautious management in postoperative period. So we investigated the hemodynamics in the first 72 hours following open heart surgery for TAPVC, TGA and PAIVS. The hemodynamics in acute period are different according to patient age. Especially, early neonates under 14 days present low systemic blood pressure and high central venous pressure. So we must manage them according to their hemodynamic characteristics.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1992

[An experience of rapid, two-stage arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum beyond the neonatal period].

A 2-month-old girl with transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum was successfully repaired by rapid, two-stage arterial switch operation. Balloon atrioseptostomy and ligation of the ductus arteriosus was done elsewhere on 14th and 29th day after birth. On her first admission to our hospital at 2 months of age, left ventricular-right ventricular pressure ratio (LVp/RVp) was almost 0.5 and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) by echo cardiography was 3.5 mm. Because of these date, we selected rapid, two-stage arterial switch operation. On 74 days, the first-stage preparatory operation (pulmonary arterial banding and right modified Blalock-Taussig shunt) was undergone with the resultant LVp/RVp of 0.97. During a few days after the first-stage operation, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography was reduced to nearly 30%. But after this phase left ventricular function recovered rapidly and LVp/RVp, LVPWT and LVEF was 1.18, 6.3 mm and 66% on the 7th day. On the 9th day, the second-stage arterial switch operation was undergone as usual as in neonatal period without hard adhesion. Her postoperative course was uneventful.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1992

Prolonged clinical response to vincristine treatment in two patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rapidly progressive disease that can result in death within weeks to months of diagnosis in untreated patients. We report two pediatric cases of HES. One patient has remained clinically and hematologically stable for 9 years with vincristine and 6-thioguanine (6TG), and the other has received vincristine alone for 6 months with a good response. The use of long-term vincristine and 6TG or vincristine alone has not been previously reported in the management of HES in children. Vincristine administered every 3-4 weeks with or without 6TG can produce a reduction in the overall white cell count and improvement of symptoms of hypereosinophilia. Although the mortality of patients with HES is high, aggressive treatment can result in significant clinical benefit and improved prognosis in children with this syndrome.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Statistical analysis of relationship between net protein utilization in rat and amino acid composition in cooked foods.

To determine the relation between protein nutritive value and amino acid composition of protein in cooked food, statistical analysis was carried out on thirty cooked foods selected from Japanese daily meal. The food samples were cooked, and powdered after freeze-drying. The amino acid composition was determined by liquid chromatography and colorimetry. The Wistar rats were put on the 7% cooked food protein diet and NPU (net protein utilization) was determined. Linear multiple regression analysis was made between NPU and the ratio of individual essential amino acid in the cooked food protein (mg/Ng)/the corresponding amino acid in the reference protein (mg/Ng). The regression equation for the predicted net protein utilization (NPUp) reads as follows: [formula: see text] Highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.93, p < 0.01) was obtained between NPU and NPUp of the protein in the cooked food.

Algorithms↗