In situ hybridization was used to map 21 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) probes to linkage groups 5 and 6 of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) in order to compare physical distances and genetic distances between adjacent markers. All 21 probes hybridized to the corresponding homoeologous chromosome arms. The linear order and linkage relationships among the DNA probes on the in situ-based physical maps were generally the same as those on the RFLP-based genetic maps. However, significant differences were observed between the centiMorgan distances on a linkage map and the physical distances of the probes using in situ-based techniques. The results indicated a clustering of polymorphic RFLP markers in the middle of all of the homoeologous group 5 and 6 chromosome arms. This suggests that the available linkage maps do not completely cover the physical length of the chromosomes. As with the genetic maps, the physical map clearly showed the presence of nonhomoeologous rearrangements in the terminal regions of chromosome arms 5AL and 6BS. However, the physical mapping gave an indication of the physical size of the rearrangements as well as their arm location.

Chromosome Mapping↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gait kinematics in below-knee child amputees: a force plate analysis.

A complete gait analysis was performed on six children with below-knee amputations to determine the kinematics and kinetics of amputee gait in children. A relatively new method of analysis--the inverse dynamic relationship--was used to determine the joint moments in the sagittal plane of the joints in the intact limb and the remaining portion of the amputated limb. The joint moments in the sagittal plane of the intact limb in the child amputee were found to be normal or below normal during level walking. From this study, it was concluded that providing a child amputee has a good prosthetic fit, there will be no increased forces across the joints of the intact or amputated limb and consequently no predisposition to premature degenerative arthritis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders in an urban community of Beijing, China.

A door-to-door two-phase study was used to investigate the prevalence of senile dementia in an urban community of Beijing. In the study population, 5,003 individuals aged 60 years and older (>/=65 years, n = 3,728) were screened at home with the Chinese version of the MMSE. Persons who screened positive for dementia, using different cutoff scores based on degree of literacy, were further evaluated using the criteria of DSM-III-R and ICD-10. Among subjects who screened positive in phase I, 134 were diagnosed as having dementia in phase II. The prevalence ratios of dementia were 2.68% in the population aged 60 years and older, and 3.49% in the population aged 65 years and older. The prevalence rates among those aged 65 years and older were 1.85% for Alzheimer's disease, 1.37% for vascular dementia and 0.27% for other dementia (including mixed dementia). The prevalence of all dementia and AD increased steeply with advancing age and was consistently higher in women, but it was not obviously higher for VaD in women. Alzheimer's disease was the commonest type of dementia. Our prevalence figures for dementia and AD are similar to those previously reported for China.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Awake endotracheal intubation: a review of 267 cases.

During a 3-month period, 267 "awake" endotracheal intubations, representing 35 percent of all preoperative intubations, were performed with small doses of amnalgesic drugs given intravenously. Of 249 patients interviewed postoperatively, 86 percent reported complete amnesia for the procedure and only 3.5 percent recalled the event as being "quite unpleasant".

Airway Resistance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Aggressive hospitality. How hotels do it--why hospitals need it.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Consumer Behavior↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nelson's wounds.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The type and screen: are patient charges a valid measure of cost reduction?

Previous studies of the type and screen have employed reduction in patient charges as a measure of cost savings. Actual cost reductions were estimated as well as patient charge reductions, for the type and screen in a large university medical center with 38,519 cross-matches and 18,152 red cell containing transfusions (C/T = 2.12) in 1980. If the type and screen had been implemented for elective surgical procedures with C/T greater than 2, the C/T for these services would have fallen from 2.82 to 2.17. If use of the type and screen were extended to obstetrics patients, the total surgical and obstetrical patient charges would be reduced by $51,752, but only $9,232 or less in actual cost reduction would have accrued. The type and screen does not lead to significant decreases in labor or overhead costs which are the largest component of patient charges. Patient charge savings are not a valid measure of actual cost reduction in our setting.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Location, catalytic activity, and subunit composition of NAD-reducing hydrogenases of some Alcaligenes strains and Rhodococcus opacus MR22.

Six new strains of Alcaligenes enriched for and isolated as nickel-resistant bacteria resemble Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 and contain both an NAD-reducing, tetrameric soluble hydrogenase and a membrane-bound hydrogenase. None of the soluble hydrogenases share with the Rhodococcus opacus MR11 enzyme tetramer the property of being cleaved easily into two dimeric moieties [a hydrogenase (betadelta) and an NADH:acceptor oxidoreductase (alphagamma)], in the absence of nickel or at low ionic strength. The soluble hydrogenase of the newly isolated strain MR22 of R. opacus equalled that of strain MR11. The absence of a membrane-bound hydrogenase in Alcaligenes denitrificans strain 4a-2 and in Alcaligenes ruhlandii was confirmed.

Alcaligenes↗