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Biomedical subjects

K Phillips

Publications and source records attributed to K Phillips.

168 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of surface treatment on fatigue life of postceramic soldered joints.

PURPOSE: This research investigated the effect of surface treatment on the fatigue life of metal-ceramic postsoldering. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty cylindric specimens were cast in a metal-ceramic alloy. All specimens received appropriate heat treatment simulating ceramic application, although no porcelain was applied. Each specimen was cut in half to form two half specimens. The 40 half specimens were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups, which differed in the type of surface treatment performed on one end of each half specimen (joint surface) prior to soldering: (1) aluminous oxide pink stone; (2) 50-micron aluminum oxide sandblasting; (3) brown rubber point; and (4) gray silicone wheel followed by pink silicone wheel. All surface treatments were performed for 30 seconds. The half specimens were then steam cleaned, aligned, indexed, and oven soldered with #650 postceramic solder. The soldering of two half specimens formed a complete test specimen, and a total of 20 postceramic soldered specimens were prepared. Following soldering, a 241.1 MPa fatigue stress was applied to each solder joint during specimen testing. The test variable was the number of stress cycles required to fail each specimen. RESULTS: All specimens failed adhesively at the joint interface between the solder and parent metal. There were significant differences in the number of stress cycles to failure between groups 1 and 2, groups 1 and 4, and between groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: The load cycle to failure for postceramic soldered joints was affected by the metal surface treatment.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluating postoperative cataract patients using the Kowa Flare Cell Meter.

The estimation of flare and cell in the anterior chamber is an important part of the postoperative care of patients who have had cataract surgery. The Kowa Flare Cell Meter uses a laser beam for a probe of light, lines it up precisely in a specially modified slit lamp, and controls and measures the results with a computer. The Kowa Flow Cell Meter incorporates a computer for input of demographics and a screen display and printer for output of the results. The anterior chamber findings are displayed both numerically and graphically.

Cataract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association consensus statement on the undertreatment of depression.

OBJECTIVE: A consensus conference on the reasons for the undertreatment of depression was organized by the National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (NDMDA) on January 17-18, 1996. The target audience included health policymakers, clinicians, patients and their families, and the public at large. Six key questions were addressed: (1) Is depression undertreated in the community and in the clinic? (2) What is the economic cost to society of depression? (3) What have been the efforts in the past to redress undertreatment and how successful have they been? (4) What are the reasons for the gap between our knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of depression and actual treatment received in this country? (5) What can we do to narrow this gap? (6) What can we do immediately to narrow this gap? PARTICIPANTS: Consensus panel members were drawn from psychiatry, psychology, family practice, internal medicine, managed care and public health, consumers, and the general public. The panelists listened to a set of presentations with background papers from experts on diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, and cost of treatment. EVIDENCE: Experts summarized relevant data from the world scientific literature on the 6 questions posed for the conference. CONSENSUS PROCESS: Panel members discussed openly all material presented to them in executive session. Selected panelists prepared first drafts of the consensus statements for each question. All of these drafts were read by all panelists and were edited and reedited until consensus was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: There is overwhelming evidence that individuals with depression are being seriously undertreated. Safe, effective, and economical treatments are available. The cost to individuals and society of this undertreatment is substantial. Long suffering, suicide, occupational impairment, and impairment in interpersonal and family relationships exist. Efforts to redress this gap have included provider educational programs and public educational programs. Reasons for the continuing gap include patient, provider, and health care system factors. Patient-based reasons include failure to recognize the symptoms, underestimating the severity, limited access, reluctance to see a mental health care specialist due to stigma, noncompliance with treatment, and lack of health insurance. Provider factors include poor professional school education about depression, limited training in interpersonal skills, stigma, inadequate time to evaluate and treat depression, failure to consider psychotherapeutic approaches, and prescription of inadequate doses of antidepressant medication for inadequate durations. Mental health care systems create barriers to receiving optimal treatment. Strategies to narrow the gap include enhancing the role of patients and families as participants in care and advocates; developing performance standards for behavioral health care systems, including incentives for positive identification, assessment, and treatment of depression; enhancing educational programs for providers and the public; enhancing collaboration among provider subtypes (eg, primary care providers and mental health professionals); and conducting research on development and testing of new treatments for depression.

Antidepressive Agents↗