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Biomedical subjects

K Ota

Publications and source records attributed to K Ota.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The clinical value of active T-rosette-forming cells in urine after renal transplantation.

We examined 960 urine specimens from 12 renal transplant patients for the presence of thymus-derived rosette-forming cells as a post-transplant study. Active T-rosette-forming cells appeared in the urine before or simultaneously with an increase in serum creatinine during all 14 acute rejection crises. Moreover, the active urinary T-rosette-forming cells disappeared promptly after pulse treatment with large doses of methylprednisolone in 11 rejection crises, which resolved completely, while in patients with continued detection of active T-rosette-forming cells in the urine rejection crises recurred within a few weeks. It is suggested that the test for active urinary T-rosette-forming cells is a simple and reliable method to diagnose acute renal allograft rejection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The presence of methionine-enkephalin in plasma and urine in normal human subjects and various patients.

The present study was performed to investigate whether or not there were enkephalins in plasma and urine in normal subjects and in patients with various diseases. Two kinds of antisera were developed to detect M-enk and L-enk. One has specific affinity with the C-terminus of methionine-enkephalin sulfoxide (M-O-enk), the oxidized form of M-enk, and the other with the N-terminus of L-enk. M-enk-like substance (MELS) was present in blood and urine in normal subjects, but not L-enk-like substance (LELS). Plasma MELS and its urinary output averaged 38 +/- 14 pg/ml (N = 19) and 605 +/- 235 ng/day (N = 15, M. +/- S.D.), respectively. There was a significant increase in plasma MELS and its urinary output in patients with pheochromocytoma. Plasma MELS did not show any significant increase or decrease in Cushing's disease. Addison's disease, panhypopituitarism or chronic glomerulonephritis. The urinary output of MELS was significantly increased in patients with essential hypertension, renovascular hypertension and primary aldosteronism, but was decreased in central diabetes insipidus.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1985

Pituitary luteinizing hormone level in the male house musk shrew, Suncus murinus L., following castration and testosterone treatment.

The effect of castration and replacement therapy with testosterone propionate (TP) on the pituitary LH concentration and contents in the house musk shrew was investigated by using an in vitro bioassay for LH, the Rat Interstitial Cell Testosterone assay. The concentration and contents of LH increased slightly 10 days after castration, but decreased progressively thereafter to about a half of the pre-operation level by 90 days after the operation. The replacement with TP (100 micrograms/day) for 7 days significantly depressed LH contents when it was begun 10 days after castration, while the same treatment started immediately after or 30 days after the operation did not significantly affect the pituitary LH level. The feedback mechanism between the gonad and the pituitary may be slightly different in the shrew from that in other mammals. TP replacement, started immediately after castration, completely inhibited the decrease in the weight of male accessory sex organs in castrated shrews. In castrated animals when more than 10 days had elapsed after the operation, however, the decreased weight of the organs could not be fully restored by the TP replacement for 7 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Resistance of 1-deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin to in vitro degradation as compared with arginine vasopressin.

In order to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for the prolonged antidiuretic activity of 1-deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin (dDAVP), antidiuretic activities of dDAVP and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were determined in the rat following either oral administration or incubation with AVP-degrading enzymes and reagents. Oral administration of dDAVP to conscious water-loaded rats resulted in significant antidiuresis while AVP resulted in slight and transient antidiuresis. In the ethanol anesthetized water-loaded rats, antidiuretic activities of 136pg of AVP and 50pg of dDAVP, which were found to be equipotent, were compared after incubation with digestive enzymes (pepsin, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin), late pregnancy plasma, or sodium thioglycollate. The antidiuretic activity of AVP was completely destroyed by 30-min incubation with trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, or late pregnancy plasma and almost all AVP was inactivated by 0.2 M sodium thioglycollate. On the other hand, the antidiuretic activity of dDAVP was not destroyed by trypsin or pregnancy plasma but was partly destroyed by alpha-chymotrypsin and sodium thioglycollate. Neither the antidiuretic activity of AVP nor that of dDAVP was affected by pepsin. Thus, the antidiuresis observed after oral administration of dDAVP might be brought about by the resistance to digestive enzymes. Furthermore, the resistance of dDAVP to digestive enzymes, late pregnancy plasma and sodium thioglycollate might be responsible for the prolonged antidiuretic action of dDAVP in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of haemodialysis on plasma ADH levels, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Changes in plasma ADH levels and plasma aldosterone levels (PA) were studied in patients with end-stage renal disease (N = 40). The patients were divided into two groups according to their plasma renin activity (PRA) into a low renin (LR, n = 9) and a high renin group (HR, n = 31). The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of plasma ADH was also investigated in 4 patients and 5 normal volunteers. Additionally, it was examined whether plasma ADH, aldosterone and renin were permeable through the dialysis membrane. Pre- and post-dialysis plasma ADH levels in LR were similar to those in the HR group. However, pre- and post-dialysis PA in the HR group were significantly greater than those in the LR group. Post-dialysis PRA was significantly increased in HR compared to pre-dialysis, but not in LR. Pre- and post-dialysis plasma osmolality was increased in both groups, but effective plasma osmolality (EPosm) was within the normal range. There was a significant correlation between EPosm and plasma ADH level both before and after haemodialysis, but the majority of the abnormally high values of ADH compared to the normal values was found within the normal range of EPosm. The patients exhibited high blood pressure and a rise in body weight, and haemodialysis caused a significant fall in body weight and blood pressure in both groups. MCR of ADH was significantly lower in the patients than that in normal subjects. Plasma ADH proved to be permeable through the dialysis membrane in all cases, but aldosterone in only a few cases. Renin was not permeable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Current status in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)].

Advances in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been falling behind the recent results obtained for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which had been considered the more malignant type with the shortest survival time. Recently, however, with the introduction of cisplatin, the results of combination chemotherapy for NSCLC have shown a degree of advancement so that an average response rate of 40% and a median survival time (MST) of 8-10 months can be obtained. Our method of combination chemotherapy, PPM (cisplatin, peplomycin, mitomycin C), resulted in an overall response rate of 44% (40% squamous, 29% adeno, 64% large) and an MST of more than 23.3 months in responders. With PFM (cisplatin, 5FU, mitomycin C), response rate was 35% and an MST of 18.7 months was obtained for adenocarcinoma responders. It can therefore be said that we have achieved a new degree of success in the treatment in NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Two mouse monoclonal antibodies detecting two different epitopes of an activated lymphocyte antigen on adult T-cell leukemia cells.

Mouse monoclonal antibodies were produced against MT-2 cell line derived from adult T-cell leukemia or human T-cell leukemia virus-rich fraction therefrom. Two IgG1 antibodies, Ta60a and Ta60b, were found to be reactive not only with cell lines derived from adult T-cell leukemia or cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, but also with activated peripheral blood lymphocytes, suggesting the similarity of Ta60 antigen group to Tac antigen which is present on interleukin 2 receptor. Thus, the relationship among these antigens was studied. Two Ta60 antibodies and Tac antibody immunoprecipitated the molecule with almost identical electrophoretic mobility, approximately a Mr 60,000 antigen from [3H]glucosamine-labeled activated peripheral blood lymphocytes or MT-2, MT-1, or ATN-1 cells from adult T-cell leukemia and a Mr 53,000 antigen from HUT-102 cells derived from cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Further, Tac antibody was found to immunoprecipitate Ta60b molecule on 125I-labeled MT-2 cells by sequential immunoprecipitation, indicating that these two epitopes are on the same molecule. Antibody binding inhibition assays with either 3H-labeled Ta60a or Ta60b antibody demonstrated that Ta60a and Tac are the same epitope, but different from Ta60b. Thus, at least two epitopes were demonstrated to be present on interleukin 2 receptor molecule. However, Ta60b antibody showed almost no blocking effects on proliferation of an interleukin-2-dependent cell line, whereas Ta60a antibody did. Various hematopoietic tumor cells were typed with these two antibodies, but the results with Ta60b antibody were described, because they showed a similar specificity. Ta60b antibody reacted with all adult T-cell leukemia cases, but did not react with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, or mature T-cell lymphoma. Interestingly, 3 of 12 acute myeloblastic leukemia and 2 of 5 chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis showed positive reactions. One-third of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma as well as a few B-cell lines were also weakly reactive with this antibody. A part of the results with direct tests was confirmed by the absorption tests. The results obtained demonstrated the presence of Ta60b on a certain fraction of malignant hematopoietic cells of other than T-cell origin.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Continuous venous infusion in cancer chemotherapy].

The benefits of continuous venous infusion of anti-cancer agents including increased antitumor efficacy or decreased toxicity was discussed from the view point of the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of the drugs. Pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin, cardiotoxicity of adriamycin and myelosuppression of 5-fluorouracil may be reduced by continuous infusion. Antitumor efficacy may be increased by continuous infusion in the case of bleomycin, 5-fluorouracil and cytosine arabinoside. Thus these drugs may show an improvement in the therapeutic index when given as a continuous infusion.

Bleomycin↗