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Biomedical subjects

K Osterman

Publications and source records attributed to K Osterman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Coffee worker's allergy.

Workers in the coffee industry were investigated. Study I comprised 50 selected cases of whom 25 had work-related symptoms and 25 had not. Prick tests and RAST investigations with different factory dust extracts were performed. Study II was a cross-sectional study comprising 129 workers who were prick-tested with one factory dust extract and with castor bean (CB). More than 40% described occupationally related asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis or pruritus, and in about half of these cases sensitization with one or two allergens was found. One allergen comes from coffee beans and is found in the factory dust, mainly where the raw coffee is handled. This allergen is destroyed in the roasting process. The other allergen is identical with the allergen from castor bean and its presumed to enter the plant via the sacks. Predisposing factors to developing sensitization were atopic status, degree and length of exposure, and smoking habits.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Another smoking hazard: raised serum IgE concentration and increased risk of occupational allergy.

Individual smoking histories of a general population sample and of two groups of workers exposed to occupational allergens were related to serum IgE concentrations and results of radioallergosorbent and prick tests in the workers. The geometric mean IgE concentration was higher in smokers than in non-smokers. The distribution of serum IgE values in the two groups showed an apparent difference, with a bimodal appearance in the smokers. Evidence of sensitisation against occupational allergens was more common in workers who smoked. The adjuvant effect of smoking on IgE antibody production might be due to damage to airways mucosa and supports the mucosal theory of atopy.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of lumbar lytic spondylolisthesis using osteoperiosteal transplants in young patients.

A series of 40 young patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis is presented. The patients were treated surgically using osteoperiosteal transplants as the fusion material. In 29 patients, the fusion was posterior and in 11 patients posterolateral. The loose posterior element was removed in eight patients in connection with fusion. The degree of slipping on admission was less than 30% in 18 patients (45%), 30 to 50% in 5 patients (12.5%), and more than half of the olisthetic vertebral body in 17 patients (42.5%). A good clinical result was obtained in 24 patients (60%), satisfactory in 11 (27.5%), and poor in 5 (12.5%). Solid union was obtained in 29 patients (72.5%), nonunion in 7 cases (17.5%), and in 4 patients (10%) the union was considered uncertain. One patient was reoperated on. The best results were obtained using posterior fusion, while the rate of nonunion was higher in the posterolateral group. The periosteum was taken from the anteromedial aspect of the tibia using a sharp chisel. The method gives clinical and radiological results comparable with those obtained using bone transplants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Long-term results after transfixation of an osteochondritis dissecans fragment to the femoral condyle using autologous bone transplants in adolescent and adult patients.

A review is reported covering 16 adolescent and 15 adult patients treated for osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyles by reconstruction of the articular surface and transfixation of the fragment in situ using autologous bone transplants and followed up for a period of up to 18 years. Sixty percent of the patients were totally symptom-free, whereas in others the clinical symptoms had consistently decreased. A radiologically estimated total remodelling of the condylar surface with union of fragment to the osseous bed was seen in 90%. The reduction of the fragment was incorrect in 16% of the cases. Resorption of the distal ends of cortical bone transplants in the articular surface of the condyle was total in 87%. No immobilization or removal of bone transplants was needed after surgery and all patients later on returned to their previous work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Internal fixation of the fragment of osteochondritis dissecans in the hip using bone transplants. A report of two cases.

Two patients with osteochondritis dissecans of the hip were operated on and their case histories are presented. The relatively large foci were situated on the weight-bearing surface of the joint and the fragments were fixed using transplants of cortical bone. In both cases the focus healed, and the symptoms were relieved. At follow-up six and nine years later respectively, the clinical results were good and no signs of osteoarthritis had as yet developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Osteochondritis dissecans of elbow, ankle and hip: a comparison survey.

In 36 patients treated for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow, ankle and hip during a period of 20 years in the same hospital, trauma seems to have been the main etiologic factor in about half of the patients. The first symptoms of the lesions occurred when the patients were between 15 and 20 years of age. Osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow was seen in 19 men. Osteochondritis dissecans in the ankle occurred in 6 men and 5 women. Osteochondritis dissecans in the hip appeared in 5 men and one woman. The first symptoms were pain and restriction of joint movement. Conservative treatment was satisfactory for about one-half of the patients. When operative treatment was indicated, extirpation of loose bodies or loosening fragments was the treatment of choice in OCD of the elbow and ankle. Fixation of the fragment gave satistfactory results in some cases of OCD of the hip. Late results were excellent in only about one-half of the patients. Osteoarthritic changes appeared in the hip, elbow, ankle, in order of decreasing frequency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Osteochondritis dissecans following Perthes' disease.

Patients with Perthes' disease develop a lesion comparable to osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). The frequency of this combination was about 6% of all Perthes' disease patients conservatively treated. In three out of 17 patients reported here, the lesion caused minor symptoms, but was associated with dislocation, loose bodies, and osteoarthritis. In one patient, a radiologically established OCD-like lesion healed spontaneously. Conservative treatment was sufficient for most patients. The number of patients with this lesion seems to be greater than had been assumed in previous reports in the literature.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Azidocillin levels in tracheobronchial secretions.

Concentrations of azidocillin in serum and tracheobronchial secretions were followed in 20 patients after an oral dose of 0.75 g of the drug. Serum concentrations were followed for 4 h and the concentration in tracheobronchial secretion was determined in samples taken through a fibreoptic bronchoscope 1--2 h after administration. The concentration in secretions varied between hardly measurable levels and 1.1 micrograms/ml. No correlation between levels in serum and tracheobronchial secretion was found. A slight tendency to higher secretion levels was found when the bronchoscopy showed signs of tracheobronchitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Late results of removal of the loose posterior element (Gill's operation) in the treatment of lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis.

This study presents the late results of the Gill operation for the treatment of lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis in 75 patients. The observation time ranged for 5 to 20 years, averaging 12 years. Primary results were excellent, good or fair in 83 per cent at the end of 1 year. However, the figures dropped to 75 per cent when the cases were evaluated 5 or more years after operation. The worsening of the results during the observation time seems to depend on the degeneration of the intervertebral disk. Progression of olisthesis was observed in 27 per cent of the patients, usually in connection with progression of disk degeneration. This progression did not affect the clinical result of treatment. Nine patients had a lumbar disk herniation, 8 from a segment above the level of defect and 1 at that level. On 9 patients a fusion was later performed as a secondary operation. In these the late result was still unsatisfactory in all but 2. The operation is contraindicated in adolescents except in exceptional cases with signs of compression of the cauda equina. It is not recommended for patients below the age of 30 years. The main indication for the Gill operation is painful spondylolisthesis with nerve root symptoms in patients over 40 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Operative treatment of spondylolisthesis in young patients.

In a series of 91 patients under 20 years of age with lytic spondylolisthesis treated by different operations, 66 (73%) showed a displacement of more than 30 per cent at admission. If the displacement exceeds 30 per cent, it often progresses to a subtotal olisthesis. Spinal fusion should be performed before the displacement exceeds a third of the length of the vertebra. A posterior fusion with two massive tibial grafts was carried out in 78 patients (87.5%). Concurrent with fusion laminectomy was performed in 18 patients. Anterior vertebral body fusion was performed in 3 patients and posterolateral fusion in 10, in 4 of these as a secondary operation. Laminectomy alone was carried out in 4 patients, 3 of these having a total olisthesis. Laminectomy without fusion should be performed only in exceptional cases in young patients. Non-union or uncertain union after the primary operations occurred in 17 cases (19.5%); 15 reoperations were performed in 13 patients. The degree of displacement at operation did not influence the results. A progression of displacement despite dorsal fusion was observed in 14 patients. The final results of operative treatment were: good in 55 patients (60.4%); satisfactory in 23 (24.1%); unsatisfactory in 13 (15.5%). Posterolateral fusion seems to be preferable to posterior fusion.

Adolescent↗