Malignant histiocytosis in a patient with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
K Oshima
Publications and source records attributed to K Oshima.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of high grade T-cell lymphomas in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 carriers.
We studied the fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of high grade peripheral T-cell lymphomas from eight human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) positive patients. FNA smears from seven lymphomas showed a distinctive cytologic pattern with a dominance of rounded cells with irregular nuclei and a moderately basophilic cytoplasm. Irregular cells with a pale abundant cytoplasm were present in varying amounts. Some smears contained a few giant cells with cerebriform nuclei. In addition, plasma cells and eosinophils were found. Epithelioid cells were an inconstant finding. On histology these seven lymphomas were assigned to the pleomorphic medium-large cell subtype and all but one were of T-helper phenotype with rearrangements of the T-cell receptor. FNA smears from a lymph node in a patient with a previous histological diagnosis of lymphomatoid papulosis of the gingiva showed a monotonous pattern of large immunoblastic cells with some binucleated variants consistent with a diagnosis of high grade immunoblastic lymphoma, which was confirmed histologically. Our results show that peripheral T-cell lymphomas from HTLV-1 positive patients have cytological patterns which are distinctive enough to allow a conclusive diagnosis of high grade T-cell lymphoma. However, we do not think that the cytology of HTLV-1 positive lymphomas can be differentiated from that of virus-unrelated high grade T-cell lymphomas.
Adult↗
Wolinella recta in adult gingivitis and periodontitis.
Wolinella recta has been associated with adult periodontitis, but its role in the disease remains uncertain. This report clarifies the distribution of W. recta in periodontally healthy and diseased subjects, and treated patients with recurrent disease. A specific polyclonal rabbit antiserum against W. recta strain 372 was used for indirect immunofluorescence localization of W. recta in dental plaque from untreated and treated patients. Supragingival plaque was collected from 15 periodontally healthy individuals (H), 10 adults with mild gingivitis (G1), 8 with severe gingivitis (G2) and 15 with periodontitis (AP). Subgingival samples from 23 diseased sites (G2 and AP) were examined as well. There was a significant difference (p = 0.000) between the proportions of W. recta in subgingival (4.4%) vs. supragingival (0.3%) plaque samples from AP. A significant difference (p = 0.000) in W. recta proportions was also detected between subgingival plaque samples of AP (4.4%) vs. G2 (1.2%). No significant difference in the mean % of W. recta was found between supragingival plaque of AP (0.3%) and G2 (0%), and samples of G1 (0.01%) and H (0.1%). In a separate study, 85 adults previously treated for moderate to severe adult periodontitis were monitored over a 12-month period for evidence of disease recurrence. Recurrent disease was detected at 32 sites in 18 subjects. Of these, 20 sites in 13 subjects were positive for W. recta. With subjects as the experimental unit, a significant increase in the proportions of W. recta was found at sites with recurrent disease (3.12%) as compared to stable, paired control sites (0.24%), but only when sites with breakdown and positive for W. recta were compared with their controls. These results indicate that W. recta is associated with some, but not all sites with advanced adult periodontitis. The association of W. recta with gingivitis was not statistically significant.
Adult↗
Structural requirements of peptide YY for biological activity at enteric sites.
Peptide YY (PYY) is a colonic hormone consisting of 36 amino acids that is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic exocrine, gastric acid, and insulin secretion. The objective of the present experiments was to characterize the structural requirements of PYY for inhibition of pancreatic exocrine, gastric acid, and insulin secretion, using conscious dogs prepared with gastric and pancreatic fistulas. Intravenous administration of PYY-(1-36), PYY-(3-36), or PYY-(4-36) (400 pmol.kg-1 x h-1) inhibited cholecystokinin-8-stimulated (25 pmol.kg-1 x h-1) pancreatic exocrine secretion (P < 0.05); however, PYY-(1-10), PYY-(1-20), PYY-(6-36), PYY-(10-36), PYY-(13-36), PYY-(24-36), and PYY-(27-36) did not inhibit pancreatic exocrine secretion. Intravenous administration of PYY-(1-36), PYY-(3-36), or PYY-(4-36) (200, 400, 800 pmol.kg-1 x h-1) inhibited pentagastrin (0.5 microgram.kg-1 x h-1)-stimulated gastric acid secretion (P < 0.05), as well as 2-deoxy-D-glucose-stimulated insulin release (75 mg/kg) in a dose-related manner. PYY-(6-36), PYY-(13-36), and [Leu31, Pro34] neuropeptide Y did not inhibit either gastric acid secretion or insulin release. In the gastric acid and insulin secretion bioassays, PYY-(1-36) was significantly more potent than PYY-(3-36) and PYY-(4-36); however, in the pancreatic exocrine secretion bioassay, the inhibitory effects of PYY-(3-36) and PYY-(1-36) did not differ significantly. PYY-(4-36) was less potent than PYY-(1-36) on pancreatic exocrine secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
[The progression of renal damage in reflux nephropathy--clinical analysis of proteinuria in children with vesicoureteral reflux].
To clarify the mechanism for reflux nephropathy to progress to irreversible or marginal renal damages, this study was conducted. We studied 57 cases of VUR in children followed-up more than 3 years after anti-reflux operation and investigated the correlation between changes of urinary protein excretion and clinical data. In general, proteinuria is the most important feature heralding a poor outcome in patients with reflux nephropathy. 9 cases (15.8%) in our series were positive of proteinuria postoperatively. In this positive group, scarring grade had been higher and renal size had been smaller significantly before operation than in other group. From these facts, it would appear that prognosis of refluxing kidney was determined by volume of remnant kidney, and glomerular hyperfiltration of remnant nephron would affect the progression of reflux nephropathy. According to the relationship between changes of urinary protein excretion and scarring grade or renal size, poor prognosis (proteinuria will worsen) would be more than 5 of scarring grade score (cumulation of bilateral scarring grades, Smellie's a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4) and less than -4S.D. in cumulative renal ratio preoperatively. Then border to progression in reflux nephropathy was between 2 and 4 of scarring grade score, and between -2S.D, and -4S.D. in cumulative renal ratio. In this marginal progression urinary protein excretion and GFR were found to be 100-300 mg/day and 60-75 ml/min, respectively.
Adolescent↗
[A case of malignant localized visceral pleural mesothelioma].
We experienced malignant localized mesothelioma of which origin was visceral pleura. According to, 1) the preoperative chest X-ray and chest CT which showed extra-pleural sign, 2) the rapid tumor growth, and 3) the result from needle biopsy, we diagnosed malignant localized mesothelioma of which origin was parietal pleura. Surgical treatment was performed, and diagnosed that its origin was visceral pleura. The tumor invaded the lung. It is dangerous to diagnose by means of needle biopsy because of malignant cell implantation. We recommend that firstly the surgical treatment should be carried out for malignant mesothelioma, which needs extended resection for preventing its recurrence.
Humans↗
[A case of spontaneous mediastinal emphysema developed by numbness of the left arm, dysphagia and chest pain].
A 20-year-old female developed dysphagia, chest pain and numbness of the left arm after dinner on August 22, 1990. She consulted a doctor, who diagnosed tachycardia and prescribed propranolol. On August 23, she hadn't improved. On the same day, she visited our hospital. Chest X-ray films revealed lucent band and distinct line running parallel to the border of the heart and we suspected mediastinal emphysema. Immediately we took chest CT scan, which demonstrated free air surrounding the trachea, thoracic aorta and heart. We diagnosed spontaneous mediastinal emphysema. She was treated with bed rest and mediastinal emphysema subsided within 8 days. The numbness in the patient's arm is an unusual symptom in mediastinal emphysema. We suggest that the numbness of the arm may be due to interference with the circulation to the arm by distention of the mediastinal tissue.
Adult↗
Experimental retinal tolerance to emulsified silicone oil.
Vitreous replacement by silicone oil has become increasingly popular in the treatment of severe and complicated retinal detachment. Several studies have suggested that silicone oil may be toxic to the retina or may stimulate periretinal proliferation. To better understand its effects, emulsified or nonemulsified silicone oil was injected into rabbit eyes that had undergone mechanical vitrectomy. Silicone oil was labeled with phthalocyanine blue to aid in histologic localization. Retinal changes were compared by light microscopy at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after intraocular injection. Emulsified silicone oil was found to penetrate the inner retina at 1 week and cause epiretinal membrane formation as early as 4 weeks after injection. Nonemulsified oil produced no histologic changes in the retina. No cytotoxic effects were observed in eyes treated with ether emulsified or nonemulsified silicone oil. It is concluded that emulsified silicone oil can both penetrate the retina and stimulate epiretinal membrane formation in the vitrectomized rabbit eye.
Animals↗
Production and characterization of N-acyl-D-glutamate amidohydrolase from Pseudomonas sp. strain 5f-1.
N-Acyl-D-glutamate amidohydrolase from Pseudomonas sp. strain 5f-1 was inducibly produced by D isomers of N-acetylglutamate, glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine. The enzyme has been purified to homogeneity by DEAE-cellulose, (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, and chromatofocusing followed by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column. The enzyme was a monomer with molecular weight of 55,000. The enzyme activity was optimal at pH 6.5 to 7.5 and 45 degrees C. The isoelectric point and the pH stability were 8.8 and 9.0, respectively. N-Formyl, N-acetyl, N-butyryl, N-propionyl, N-chloroacetyl derivatives of D-glutamate and glycyl-D-glutamate were substrates for the enzyme. At pH 6.5 in 100 mM N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer at 30 degrees C, a Km of 6.67 mM and a Vmax of 662 mumol/min/mg of protein for N-acetyl-D-glutamate were obtained. None of the metal ions stimulated the enzyme activity. Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ba2+ acted as stabilizers. Hg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, and EDTA were strongly inhibitory.
Amidohydrolases↗
[The change in immunohistochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) around the lens capsule after extracapsular extraction].
It has been reported that basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) accelerates proliferation of mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells of cornea and crystalline lens in vitro. The immunohistochemical localization of b-FGF on guinea pig lens capsule after extracapsular extraction (ECE) of the lens was studied in order to investigate the role of b-FGF on posterior capsular opacification after ECE and neovascularization. On the 12th postoperative day, immunohistochemical staining of b-FGF was recognized along the posterior capsule on the cortical side, but not along the anterior capsule. On non-operated eyes, scanty immunoreactive materials were seen in cells at the germinative center of the equatorial region. More than two months after ECE, almost no immunoreactive staining could be recognized. In this study, immunoreactive staining of b-FGF was recognized along the posterior capsule on cortical side after operation. It has also been reported that b-FGF stimulates proliferation of the lens epithelial cells in vitro. Therefore, it is suggested that b-FGF plays an important role on posterior capsular opacification after cataract formation.
Animals↗
Effects of an intrauterine copper device on serum copper, endometrial histology, and ovarian, hepatic, and renal functions in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata fuscata).
A copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) was inserted transabdominally into the uterine cavity of eight Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata fuscata) for 4 to 6 months, and effects on various organ functions were examined. Results showed no significant effects on the menstrual cycle length, serum levels of LH, estradiol-17 beta, progesterone or clinical biochemical data such as serum copper, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and blood urea nitrogen. Histology revealed edema and infiltration of eosinophilic leukocytes in the endometrium treated with a Cu-IUD.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Correction of vesicoureteral reflux by intravesical injection of collagen in a canine model.
A reflux model was created in 12 dogs to test the application of subureteric injection of collagen as a biodegradable substitute for ureteroneocytostomy. The injection technique was initially successful in 64% of dogs. Failure was related to deficiency in intramural tunnel and was unrelated to bladder function. Cystograms in 4 successfully corrected survivors showed resumption of reflux, although postmortem histology showed persistence of the collagen implant at the injection sites.
Administration, Intravesical↗
Coexistence of normal and diffuse ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transitions in (Pb,La)TiO3 ceramics.
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Journal Article↗
Notes on determinants of Laplace-type operators on Riemann surfaces.
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Journal Article↗
Neuropeptide-immunoreactive cells and fibers in the developing primate cerebellum.
Using the avidin-biotin-peroxide immunohistochemical method, we studied the distributions of somatostatin (SOM)-, cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)- and substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivities in the cerebellum of macaque monkeys at embryonic day 120 (E120), E140, newborn, postnatal day 60 (P60) and adults. During the embryonic stages, there were many SOM-, CCK- and SP-immunoreactive structures in the external granular layer, Purkinje cell layer and white matter, SP-immunoreactive mossy fibers and their terminals were distributed in the granular layer and white matter. During these stages, there were SOM-immunoreactive Purkinje cells, Golgi cells and a few cells in the molecular layer, and CCK-immunoreactive Purkinje cells and cells in the molecular layer. At the newborn stage, all of the immunoreactivities in the external granular layer decreased and the number of immunoreactive fibers increased in the white matter. At P60 stage, SOM- and CCK-immunoreactive fibers were observed around Purkinje cells, which seem to be the fiber terminals of basket cells. Many SOM, CCK and SP fibers were distributed in the white matter. In the adult stage, we observed little neuropeptide-immunoreactivity in the cerebellum. The high concentration of the neuropeptide-immunoreactive fibers and cells in the earlier stages suggests that the neuropeptides may be involved in the development of the primate cerebellar cortex.
Aging↗
Image analysis of CNS neurotrophic factor effects on neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth.
We have developed a method for quantifying the effects of neurotrophic factors by using digital image processing techniques to enhance the morphometric analysis of cultured neurons. Dissociated cell cultures from rat embryonic cerebral cortex were selected as a model biological system. Binary images of neuronal neurites were extracted from gray images of cultured neurons stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. Pattern recognition techniques were used to estimate the number of neurons per culture dish and the average length of the neurites on each cell. In 4-day cultures, addition of extracts from 2-week-old rat cortices dose-dependently increased both parameters. The method proved suitable for use in bioassays of factors influencing neuronal survival and neurite promotion.
Animals↗
Changes in circulating inhibin levels during pregnancy and early lactation in the Japanese monkey.
Changes in immunoreactive (ir-) inhibin concentrations in serum throughout pregnancy and early lactation up to one month after parturition were characterized in 6 Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata fuscata) by a heterologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) based on a bovine RIA. Serum levels of FSH, LH/monkey chorionic gonadotropin (mCG), estradiol-17 beta, and progesterone were also monitored for the entire period. Ir-inhibin levels in the serum were low (under 0.5 ng/ml) before conception. Three marked increases in serum ir-inhibin levels were found during pregnancy. The first increase was noted during early pregnancy, with a peak (2.2 +/- 0.2 ng/ml) at Day 22 of pregnancy (Day 0 = day of LH surge). The second increase was noted after Day 38 until Day 72 of pregnancy, when a peak value was noted (19.0 +/- 1.4 pg/ml). Plateau levels were maintained until late pregnancy, and a final rise was evident near the term with a peak (36.7 +/- 3.8 ng/ml) at Day 158 of pregnancy, 5 days before parturition. After parturition, ir-inhibin levels in the serum plummeted to nonpregnant levels within one day, and were maintained during early lactation. The first rise in serum inhibin during pregnancy was parallel to the rise of mCG and estradiol-17 beta, and the second and third rise were well correlated with serum estradiol-17 beta. Serum FSH was maintained at low levels throughout pregnancy, followed by a slight increase after parturition when serum inhibin decreased abruptly. Both bioactivity and immunoreactivity of inhibin were detected in the placental homogenates obtained at 120 days of pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Acute 'bilineal-biphenotypic' leukaemia.
We describe a unique case of hybrid leukaemia with bilineal and biphenotypic features. The coexistence of lymphoblasts and monoblasts was determined morphologically and cytochemically. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that each blast population had both T lymphoid (CD2, cytoplasmic CD3) and myeloid (CD11, CD13, CD15) markers. Southern blot analysis of DNA extracted from the lymph node biopsy demonstrated the presence of monoclonal rearrangement of the TcR-C beta gene. Cytogenetic analysis of the bone marrow cells showed a karyotype of 48, XY, 7q+ in all of the metaphases examined. These observations are suggestive of a monoclonal origin for these two distinct blast populations.
Acute Disease↗