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Biomedical subjects

K Ohashi

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohashi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of ureteral and vesical malacoplakia].

A case of ureteral and vesical malacoplakia is reported. A 58-year-old woman was admitted for non-papillary sessile bladder tumor. Ultrasound examination revealed bilateral hydronephrosis and renal function was deteriorated. Escherichia coli and beta-streptococcus were isolated from her urine. Antegrade pyelography demonstrated obstruction of the bilateral ureters. Percutaneous pyeloscopy revealed a bean-sized yellow nodule at the upper portion of the right ureter. Pathohistological the lesions of aggregates of macrophage in which typical Michaelis-Gutmann bodies were found at the punch biopsies of both vesical and ureteral lesions. She was treated successfully with the administration of bethanechol chloride and antibiotics. This case seems to be the second report of ureteral malacoplakia in the Japanese literature.

Bethanechol↗
PubMed1989

[Indications and results of non-shunting operations for esophageal varices].

Non-shunting operations were performed in 522 patients with esophagogastric varices in our department from January 1964 to March 1989. Transthoracoabdominal esophageal transection was performed in 287 patients (devascularization of the distal esophagus and the proximal half of the stomach and transection of the esophagus). Transthoracic esophageal transection was performed in 125 patients (31 Walker's transection, 94 esophageal transection with devascularization of distal esophagus). Transabdominal esophageal transection was performed in 49 patients. Hassab's operation was performed in 49 patients and three patients were treated with other direct operations (proximal gastrectomy, etc.) Overall mortality of non-shunting operation was 5.0%. The five year survival of idiopathic portal hypertension was 77.6%, extrahepatic portal obstruction was 90.7% and liver cirrhosis was 63.1%. Five year survival of Child's grade A was 79.8%, Child's grade B was 72.9% and Child's grade C was 38.6%. Operation on Child's C patients should be avoided since the results in these patients have been unsatisfactory. Our overall results with esophageal transection over the last two decades are satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dosage regimen of ranitidine in patients with renal impairment.

The validity of the Giusti-Hayton method for dosage regimen adjustment in patients with renal impairment was investigated using ranitidine. Five normal healthy volunteers received a single ranitidine recommended dose of 150 mg, and 20 patients with renal disease received single administration in doses individually calculated by the Giusti-Hayton method from each patient's creatinine clearance level, and the various pharmacokinetic parameters were compared. As a result, the area under the time-concentration curve 0----infinity (AUC0----infinity) in the renal disease patients was almost comparable to that in the normal healthy volunteers. The Giusti-Hayton method was considered useful to keep both the AUC0----infinity constant and the mean blood level of the drug in a steady state, in any degree of renal impairment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Technical evaluation of newly-developed inorganic membranes for plasma fractionation.

Constant transmembrane pressure experiments were made by crossflow filtration to clarify sieving characteristics of microporous glass membranes for plasma fractionation. The distribution of pore diameters is more limited in the microporous glass membranes than in currently utilized synthetic polymer membranes. The filtration resistance of the concentration polarization layer is the dominant factor in plasma fractionation. Proteins are separated more sharply with a higher wall shear rate because of destruction of the concentration polarization layer formed on membrane surfaces. Plasma fractionation using a microporous glass membrane with a pore diameter of 15 nm may allow separation of albumin and IgG at higher wall shear rates. Cascade filtration techniques using microporous glass membranes with various pore diameters may be suitable for plasma fractionation.

Glass↗
PubMed1989

[Identification of a human sperm antigen to infertile women's serum and follicular fluid with high sperm immobilizing activity].

In our previous paper, we reported a sperm coating antigen with a molecular weight of approximately 12,000 daltons from sperm membrane fraction by using rabbit anti-seminal plasma antiserum. In this paper, we isolated a human sperm antigen with the same sperm preparation by using sera of infertile women with sperm immobilizing antibody. The isolated antigen showed the following characteristics: (1) It is a glycoprotein with an affinity with lentil lectin and its molecular weight is approximately 15,000 daltons. (2) Little activity of the antigen was seen in seminal plasma. The antigen is localized on the equatorial segment of the acrosome. These facts indicate that the antigen is a genuine sperm antigen and is not a sperm coating antigen. (3) The antigen is bound with the sperm immobilizing antibody in follicular fluid of an infertile woman who has a sperm immobilizing antibody in her serum. This indicates that sperm immobilizing antibody in follicular fluid recognizes the same antigen as in the serum.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1988

Aromatase and nonaromatizing 10-demethylase activity of adrenal cortex mitochondrial P-450(11)beta.

19-Oxoandrostenedione, the product of 19-hydroxyandrostenedione by the 19-oxidase activity of the purified P-450(11)beta system of adrenal cortex mitochondria, was further oxidized and demethylated at the 10-position to give the C18-steroids, estrone (aromatase reaction) and 19-norandrostenedione (nonaromatizing 10-demethylase or C10-19 lyase reaction). These reactions, together with the initial hydroxylation of androstenedione at C19, form a sequence of P-450(11)beta-catalyzed C19-steroid 19-monooxygenase reactions. P-450(11)beta is thus similar to placental endoplasmic P-450AROM in some of its substrate specificity, but the two forms of P-450 appear to be different in both physiology and properties.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

Clinical evaluation of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for antisperm antibodies.

A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for the detection of antisperm antibodies in serum was compared with standard sperm immobilization test (SIT) with the use of sera from 83 infertile women and 29 control individuals. For the ELISA, 24% of the infertile patients and 10% of the controls showed positive results, whereas 15% of the patients and none of the control were positive in the SIT. Parallel tests carried out on the same sera indicated that these methods detect a different, though often overlapping, spectrum of antibody activity. The presence and number of motile sperm in cervical mucus during postcoital tests were found to be related to the results of the SIT. On the other hand, the ELISA did not appear to be related to the quality of postcoital tests. These data indicate that care must be employed to interpret the results of this ELISA kit for the detection of antisperm antibodies.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

FITC-labeled I-protein specifically binds to A-bands and/or Z-lines of glycerinated myofibrils of chicken breast muscle.

Ion-exchange column-purified I-protein was labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) at an equimolar ratio. When FITC-labeled I-protein was reacted with glycerinated myofibrils of chicken breast muscle in a phosphate-buffered saline, fluorescence was observed at the A-band and/or the Z-line of the sarcomere. However, FITC-labeled I-protein did not stain freshly prepared myofibrils. When FITC-I-protein was reacted with a nitrocellulose paper sheet on which muscle proteins were blotted after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, some peptide bands, including connectin and nebulin, were fluorescent. These facts can explain why anti-I-protein antibodies stain the A-I junctional region of fresh myofibrils and A-bands and/or Z-lines of glycerinated myofibrils. It is very likely that I-protein is transferred from the A-I junctions of myofibrils and translocates to A-bands and Z-lines, where some components that can bind to I-protein are localized, as myofibrils are degraded during the glycerination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Extensible and less-extensible domains of connectin filaments in stretched vertebrate skeletal muscle sarcomeres as detected by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy using monoclonal antibodies.

Two kinds of monoclonal antibodies (3B9 and SM1) against connectin, muscle elastic protein, reacted with both alpha- and beta-connectins. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that 3B9 stained both edges of the A band of chicken breast muscle myofibrils and remained as such upon stretching to a sarcomere length of 3.5 microns. On the other hand, SM1 stained the I band very close to the edges of the A band and the SM1-stained stripes moved considerably upon stretching to a sarcomere length of 3.5 microns. Immunoelectron microscopic observations with frog semitendinosus muscle revealed that three distinct stripes bound with 3B9 in the edges of the A band did not move on stretching up to 3.5 microns. On the other hand, the two stripes stained with SM1 in the I band clearly moved to the same extent as the stretching. However, when a sarcomere was stretched to 4.0 microns, all the stripes with 3B9 or SM1 disappeared and diffused deposits of the antibodies were observed. Thus it is concluded that connectin filaments in the I band region are more extensible than those at both edges of the A band.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Upper respiratory tract involvement in adult T-cell leukemia.

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is characterized by peripheral lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly and skin lesions. The association of local mass lesions of other organs with ATL is extremely rare. This report describes a 57-year-old woman with chronic type ATL with associated local tumor masses in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and larynx as well as skin infiltration. Histologic investigation of the skin lesion and nasal mucosa revealed non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse, mixed type. Her chief complaints were progressive dyspnea and hoarseness. Leukemic cell masses in her upper respiratory tract caused narrowing of the airway, which was responsible for her complaints.

Deltaretrovirus Infections↗
PubMed1988

Identification and characterization of a human sperm antigen corresponding to sperm-immobilizing antibodies.

A sperm antigen has been isolated from radiolabeled human sperm cell membrane by detergent solubilization, lectin affinity chromatography, gel filtration, and indirect immune precipitation using sperm-immobilizing antisera from patients with unexplained infertility. Isolated material was characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Among 20 infertile women's sera with sperm-immobilizing antibodies, two were found to react predominantly with a sperm membrane polypeptide having the approximate molecular weight of 15,000 daltons. No significant binding to this molecule was observed in any sera from pregnant women, unmarried women, and normal men. By the absorption with spermatozoa, the antisera lost their binding activity to the molecule, while the sera absorbed with seminal plasma did not lose the activity. The results indicated that the molecule is a genuine sperm antigen and not a sperm-coating seminal plasma antigen. By the indirect immunofluorescence of washed ejaculated spermatozoa with the antisera, strong fluorescence was localized only in an equatorial segment of the acrosome, while no specific staining was observed in the controls. The antigen is relatively unstable against acid, alkali, and heat treatment. Treatment with proteolytic enzymes such as pronase and trypsin inactivated the antigen activity, indicating that the antigen epitope could be a peptide portion of the glycoprotein.

Antigens, Surface↗