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Biomedical subjects

K Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohara.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A phase II study of (2"R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in hematological malignancies.

A phase II study of new anthracycline, THP, was conducted in 46 patients with hematological malignancies in a cooperative study. THP was given intravenously either at a dose of 13-34 mg/m2 for 3-5 consecutive days or 35-50 mg/m2 at 3-4 week intervals. Of 21 patients with acute leukemia, complete response (CR) was observed in 3 patients and partial response (PR) in 4. Of 22 patients with malignant lymphoma, CR was observed in 2 and PR in 6. The predominant toxicity was myelosuppression. Leukopenia was noted in 73% of patients and thrombocytopenia in 14%. Anorexia, nausea and vomiting were observed in 49%, 26% and 23%, respectively. Alopecia and acute cardiac toxicities were mild and recovered quickly on discontinuation of THP. Thus, THP was found to be effective for acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Basic imaging properties of a large image intensifier-TV digital chest radiographic system.

The basic imaging properties of a large (57 cm) image intensifier (I.I.)-TV digital imaging system were examined to determine the effects of various physical parameters on the quality of the digital chest images obtained, and also to explore the clinical usefulness of the system. The characteristic curve of the digital system, which relates the output pixel value to the input relative x-ray intensity, was measured with an aluminum stepwedge. MTFs were determined using slit images, and the veiling-glare fraction was measured with a lead-disk technique. Noise Wiener spectra were obtained from uniformly exposed images. The current limitations of the large II-TV digital chest system are its low spatial resolution, and the presence of large amounts of veiling glare and structure mottle. Advantages of this system over other digital chest imaging systems include the high speed of image data acquisition and the capability of "real-time" dynamic imaging of the chest at a radiation dose comparable to that in conventional radiography of the chest.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Tolerance of canine portal vein anastomosis to intraoperative x-irradiation.

Tolerance of surgical portal vein anastomosis to intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) was studied in dogs after single doses of zero, 10, 20 and 40 Gy (290 kVp x-rays). Portal venography was performed prior to IORT and before sacrificing. The dogs were sacrificed 3 and 12 months respectively after irradiation. Portal venography revealed no radiation induced anastomotic stenosis. Autopsy disclosed macroscopic periportal fibrosis in all dogs, independent of radiation dose and observation periods. Microscopically, the three tunicas of the vein did not show any pathological changes after any dose level.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1987

Effects of dietary xenobiotics on the metabolism of copper, alpha-tocopherol and cholesterol in rats.

The effects of dietary addition of some xenobiotics on tissue levels of copper and alpha-tocopherol in rats were studied with special reference to serum cholesterol. The chemicals added here were 0.05% polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), 0.3% caffeine, 0.05% 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), 0.3% flavone, 0.3% chloretone, 0.3% 2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BHA), 0.15% sodium phenobarbital, 0.15% phenytoin, 0.2% sodium pentobarbital, and 0.15% phenylbutazone. Of these chemicals, dietary PCB, caffeine, DDT, flavone, chloretone, BHA and phenytoin raised the level of copper in liver, kidney, or serum. Serum alpha-tocopherol and cholesterol also increased with the additive or synergistic effects on these metabolisms. Moreover, these combined addition of dietary 0.02% PCB with 0.2% BHA seemed to cause additive or synergistic effects on these metabolism. Moreover, these chemicals raised serum ceruloplasmin activity. In general, serum copper, ceruloplasmin activity and alpha-tocopherol were correlated with serum cholesterol in these dietary manipulations.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Myocardial perfusion detected using digital subtraction angiography as compared with X-ray CT and Tl-201 myocardial imaging].

Forty-two patients who underwent aorto-coronary bypass surgery were examined with intra-aortic digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) to detect abnormalities of myocardial blood perfusion. Tl-201 myocardial imaging and cardiac X-ray CT were performed nearly simultaneously about one month postoperatively. Cardiac imaging using IADSA was performed at a rate of 30 frames/sec with matrix size of 512 x 256. Time density curves of each pixel in the region of the myocardium of the left ventricle were post-processed to obtain functional images. The maximal concentration (Cmax), integration of the time-density curve (Cinteg), mean transit time (MTT), Cmax/MTT and Cinteg/MTT were computed for each pixel. Cmax and Cinteg are parameters related to the volume of the coronary vascular bed. Cmax/MTT and Cinteg/MTT are parameters related to the regional myocardial blood flow. These functional images showed hypoperfusion areas in 35 of 37 ischemic segments confirmed by wall motion in digital subtraction left ventriculography, Tl-201 myocardial imaging and ECG. Normal perfusion areas of the functional images were observed in 18 of 54 infarcted segments. These results show the complexities of myocardial perfusion in old myocardial infarction.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical experience with flomoxef in the pediatric field].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) was given intravenously to 21 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 3 cases each of purulent lymphadenitis and urinary tract infection, 2 cases of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and 1 case each of peritonsillar abscess, pyothorax and purulent meningitis. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 out of 21 patients, and bacteriologically, all of the 17 isolated strains were eradicated. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with soft stool and 2 cases of eosinophilia. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that FMOX is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗