Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohara.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Carcinoembryonic proteins produced by Wilms' tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.

A Wilms' tumor cell line (HFWT) was established after tissue culture of the Wilms' tumor which had developed in the left kidney of a five-month-old boy. The HFWT line has the following cyto-biological characteristics: 1. The cells have a spindle, round or polygonal shape with neoplastic and pleomorphic features that grew in multilayers without contact inhibition. 2. The cells show a stable proliferation, giving 95 passages within 4 years. 3. The chromosomes show a wide aneuploidy distribution, and the modal number was found in diploid range. The stem cells have a normal karyotyping, 46, XY. 4. Heterotransplantation into nude mice can be easily made, and anaplastic Wilms' tumor resembling the original tumor forms. 5. The principal tumor markers produced by the cells in large amounts in the conditioned culture media were carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). 6. A good correlation was found between enlargement of the tumor formed by heterotransplantation into nude mice and the levels of CA 125 and TPA in the serum of the nude mouse. No report on the study of tumor markers widely used in clinical treatment of Wilms' tumor has been available to us, but CA 125 and TPA are considered to be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of Wilms' tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Geographical variance in the risk of gastric stump cancer: no increased risk in Japan?

Geographical differences may exist in the risk of gastric stump cancer. Therefore, we performed meta-analysis of literature reports in Japan (n = 3), the USA (n = 4), and Europe (n = 20) on the risk of postgastrectomy cancer. The weighted mean relative risk of stump cancer in Japan was 0.28, 95% confidence limits 0.21-0.38 as compared to 1.53, 95% confidence limits 0.98-2.41 in the USA and 1.66, 95% confidence limits 1.55-1.79 in Europe. Thus, the risk of gastric cancer in the post-gastrectomy patient seems decreased in Japan and is significantly less than in the USA or Europe, where an increased risk exists. Since there is a high risk of gastric cancer of the intact stomach in Japan, the discovery of a low cancer risk in the gastric stump may provide evidence that these gastric cancers are two different entities.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1991

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass surgery--early and follow-up clinical results.

To evaluate the efficacies of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for angina pectoris, early and follow-up data were reviewed in 495 patients who had undergone these procedures from 1986 to 1988. In 173 patients with single vessel disease, there were no significant differences in initial success rate and early and late incidences of major complications or cardiac death between 152 patients with elective PTCA and 21 with urgent. When compared in 161 patients with multivessel disease, however, significant differences in success rate were found between 130 patients in the elective PTCA group and 31 in whom PTCA was urgent (81.6% vs. 64.5%, p less than 0.05). Significant differences were also found in early incidence of major complications (3.1% vs. 12.9%, p less than 0.01), early mortality (1.5% vs. 9.7%, p less than 0.01), and the late incidence of cardiac events (6.2% vs. 25.0%, p less than 0.01). These results show that freedom from cardiac death and overall cardiac events in the elective PTCA group as significantly better than that in the urgent group at 42 months of follow-up. Comparing early and follow-up results, on the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the elective and urgent CABG groups. Thus, there appear to be limitations on the urgent use of PTCA for refractory unstable angina caused by multivessel disease, and urgent CABG was recommended to high-risk patients of urgent PTCA.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Primary intracranial amelanotic melanoma--report of an autopsy case.

Primary intracranial amelanotic melanoma was verified at autopsy in a 38-year-old male. Correct diagnosis of amelanotic melanoma needs electron microscopy or immunohistochemistry, since Masson staining is negative due to the absence of melanin pigment. We adopted the following criteria for clinical use: macroscopically not dark and microscopically negative for Masson staining, but ultrastructurally various melanoma types present. Although the clinical profile of this case is consistent with melanotic melanoma, the more detailed features of primary intracranial amelanotic melanoma require future study.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Intra-arterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation for invasive bladder cancer].

Fifteen patients with invasive bladder cancer were treated with selective intra-arterial cisplatin and external beam radiotherapy (30.6 Gy over 3 weeks) prior to a planned cystectomy. Cisplatin, in total 200 mg, was administered via bilateral internal iliac artery infusion during the course of radiotherapy. Seven patients were evaluated for local response. Partial response (PR) was revealed in 4, and minor response (MR) in 3. Ten patients received total cystectomy, and pathological effects by the criteria adipted by Japanese Urological Association and The Japanese Society of Pathology, were as follows: Ef. 3 in 1 case, Ef. 2 in 6. Ef. 1b in 1 and Ef. 1a in 2. Down staging was observed in 8 patients from the clinical to the pathological stage. Thirteen patients are alive for 21 months. Two patients have died (1 lung infarction, 1 pancreatic cancer). Though nausea and sciatica-like pain were observed in some cases, there was no severe systemic side effects such as bone marrow suppression and renal toxicity. From these results it is concluded that this therapeutic modality could be effective in the preoperative work-up of candidates for total cystectomy, and also that it could be useful in the treatment of patients in whom total cystectomy is contraindicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Biphenotypic acute leukemia with Ph1 chromosome, M-BCR-, myeloperoxidase+, and CALLA+].

A 63 year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of fever and increased number of blasts in the bone marrow. On physical examination she had slight hepatomegaly but no splenomegaly. Laboratory tests disclosed a hemoglobin level of 8.5 g/dl; a WBC count of 13,200/microliter with 26% blasts; a platelet count of 51,000/microliter. A bone marrow aspirate was normocellular with 74% blasts and 37% blasts were stained positive for myeloperoxidase. Cell surface markers for HLA-DR, CD10, CD19, CD13, CD33 were positive. Karyotype analysis revealed 46, XX, t (9q+; 22q-) and 45XX, -7, t (9q+; 22q-). Southern analysis showed rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain but not T cell receptor beta gene. Rearrangements in M-BCR were not detected with 5' or 3' bcr probes. After 2 courses of chemotherapy, blasts decreased to 7% with recovery of normal elements and 11 out of 20 metaphases of the bone marrow cells were normal karyotype. These findings suggest that this case was de novo Ph1 positive acute leukemia which demonstrated both lymphoid and myeloid features.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

The effects of beta-blockers and diazepam on heart rate of conscious conditioned rats.

1. Fischer male rats were trained to avoid shock in a shuttle box. After this procedure, a small ECG transmitter was incorporated under the skin of thorax. 2. In saline group, when in the shuttle box heart rate significantly increased, and decreased while exposed to the buzzer. 3. When beta-blocker (carteolol, pindolol, propranolol) was injected, heart rate did not increase after the rat was put in the shuttle box, but decreased after exposed to the buzzer. Change in heart rate was not shown when diazepam was injected. 4. These results indicated that diazepam is more effective than beta-blocker in terms of instability of heart rate in conditioned rats.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Porokeratosis with large skin lesions. Histologic, cytologic and cytogenetic study of three cases.

Three porokeratosis patients with large skin lesion(s) are reported. The histopathology of the large lesions revealed that the epidermis 1) frequently presented slight or marked acanthosis and/or elongation of the rete ridge, and 2) contained abnormal cells, e.g. hyperchromatic, large, multinucleated, and/or irregular shaped nuclei. The DAPI-DNA microfluorometric study revealed DNA polyploidy and/or an increased population of epidermal cells with hyperdiploid and/or tetraploid DNA content. These results indicate the proliferating potential of the epidermis and the existence of a neoplastic clone or clones therein. This finding may explain the enlargement of skin lesions and possibly the development of malignancy, as sometimes occurs in large skin lesions. Furthermore, cultured skin fibroblasts from a patient's skin lesion or its surrounding skin revealed various kinds of chromosomal structural abnormalities, which may serve as a basis for the development of abnormal neoplastic clones in the porokeratotic epidermis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Medical therapy in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis].

To elucidate the long-term prognosis of medically-treated patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions, 119 consecutive patients with LMCA lesions undergoing coronary angiography were analyzed retrospectively. Among these, 3 patients died soon after angiography and were excluded from this study. Among the remaining 116 patients, 22 were treated medically (Group M) for the following reasons: profound left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (3 patients), effective pharmacological treatment (10), and patients' refusal of surgical therapy (9). Among 94 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), 83 patients survived (Group S). During the follow-up period, cardiac events occurred in 5 patients in Group M; cardiac deaths in 3, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) in one and late application of CABG in one. Two-year cardiac event-free rate after diagnosis was 77%, which remained unchanged thereafter. The cumulative survival rate was 83%. The incidence of cardiac events in Group M was higher than that in Group S (p < 0.01). However, cardiac event rates were similar between these 2 groups for patients with good collateral circulations to the left coronary arteries, no preceding MI and LV end-diastolic pressure less than 15 mmHg. We concluded that the Japanese patients with severe LMCA lesions who respond favorably to pharmacological intervention have unexpectedly good prognoses, however, obstructed collateral circulation to the left coronary system, the presence of preceding MI and high LV end-diastolic pressure were all high-risk factors for medically-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical studies on cefpirome in pediatrics].

Cefpirome (CPR, HR 810) was given intravenously to 10 children with acute bacterial infections including 8 with acute pneumonia, 1 each with acute pleuritis and urinary tract infections. Good to excellent clinical responses were obtained in all of the 10 patients and bacterial eradication were obtained for all 8 strains found in these cases. Slight elevation of GOT, GPT and eosinophilia were observed in 1 case each. From the above clinical results, it appears that CPR is a useful antibiotic for treatment of pediatric patients with various bacterial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term follow-up results on Bentall's and our modified procedure].

Replacement of the ascending aorta and the aortic valve with composite graft, including reimplantation of coronary ostia, were performed in 84 patients from October, 1978 to December, 1989. Annuloaortic ectasia was the most common indication for surgery (76 patients). Thirty patients (36%) had the Marfan syndrome. Thirty-five patients were performed with original Bentall's procedure. Thirty patients were carried out with our modified technique like Inberg's, the coronary arteries were excised with attachment of the selected piece of the aortic wall, and implanted to the tube prosthesis with continuous suture. Nineteen patients were operated with modified technique by Cabrol or other interposition graft method. The actuarial free of death related to the operation of 4 years was 83%, 88%, and 74% (p = NS) in each methods respectively. The complications of anastomosis, for example, leakage and dilatation of coronary ostia were not seen in our modified Bentall's procedure. In conclusion, our modified method is proved to be reliable and competent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Invasive treatment in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting].

In eight hundred eighty three patients with prior coronary bypass grafting (CABG), cardiac symptoms were recurred in 179 patients in late follow-up period (mean 5 +/- 2.8 years). Of 179 patients, 43 patients had PTCA eventually. In these, 57 times of angioplasties were attempted. Twenty-one lesions in venous bypass grafts and 50 in native coronary arteries were performed, respectively. The initial success rate per bypass graft and per stenosis of native coronary artery were 68% and 74%, respectively. Five patients had elective CABG following failed PTCA. There were no emergency CABG procedures required after unsuccessful PTCA. Intracoronary thrombolysis (ICT) were performed in 13 patients. In these, 15 ICT attempts were made. Nine lesions in venous bypass grafts, 9 for native coronary arteries, and 3 for both were attempted. The primary success rate per occlusion was 67%. Twenty reoperation were done. There was one hospital death and one late death due to congestive heart failure 4 years after the reoperation. In conclusion, invasive treatments in patients with prior CABG can be performed with satisfactory safety and good results. Therefore, invasive treatment should be considered in the patients with CABG if cardiac symptoms are disabling and angiographically suitable lesions are present in the native coronary arteries or vein grafts.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Influences of intra-aortic balloon pumping on peripheral hemodynamics].

The influences of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) on peripheral dynamics were assessed by Doppler echocardiography. The subjects were 20 patients requiring IABP support, postoperatively, to control low cardiac output state. The flow velocity integral in systole (Int S) and that in diastole (Int D) were measured from left common carotid, superior mesenteric, and terminal aortic flow pattern, and the sum of Int S and Int D (Int S + Int D) was calculated with and without balloon pumping. 1) IABP increased cardiac output significantly (p less than 0.01). 2) Common carotid flow: IABP increased Int S significantly (p less than 0.01), but neither Int S nor Int S + Int D changed significantly with IABP. 3) Superior mesenteric flow: IABP increased Int D significantly (p less than 0.01), but both Int S and Int S + Int D remained unchanged with IABP. 4) Terminal aortic flow: None of Int S, Int D and Int S + Int D changed significantly with IABP. These results suggest that the carotid area can receive much of the increase in cardiac output in systole with IABP, and that the superior mesenteric area can receive much of the volume of blood displaced in the aorta by balloon inflation in diastole.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Two cases of familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcifications (BCG) with non-symptomatic family members].

We reported two families each propositus of which exhibited extrapyramidal signs and dementia with bilateral basal ganglia calcifications (BGC), while some of the other non-symptomatic family members showed BCG on brain CT by further examinations. Family 1) A 49-year-old woman was normal until her mid 40s when her memory began to fail. At age 40, dementia, finger-tremor and rigidity were observed and with brain CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, BCG and dentate calcifications were found. Her two daughters (20 years old and 26 years old) were free of any neuropsychiatric symptoms, but with CT examinations disclosed BCG. Family 2) A 40-year-old man. His symptoms started at 33 years old. He noticed gradually increasing finger-tremor, rigidity and dysarthria. At 40 years he showed mild dementia and BCG on Brain CT. His mother (64 years old) was non-symptomatic but CT showed that she had BCG. In the two families the calcium, phosphorous and parathyroid hormone levels, and Ellsworth-Howard test were normal. Other specific etiology including infections and somatic abnormalities was not discovered. Familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification was considered to be rare. But the main purpose of this report is to point out that we must pay attention to the possibility of BCG of non-symptomatic family members if one showed dementia and extrapyramidal signs, and BCG on Brain CT in middle age.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Interaction of deglycosylated muscarinic receptors with ligands and G proteins.

Endoglycosidase F was used to investigate the role of the carbohydrate moiety of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in antagonist and agonist binding, and the interaction with G proteins. The receptors were purified from porcine cerebrum, treated with endoglycosidase F and then covalently labeled with [3H]propylbenzilylcholine mustard [( 3H]PrBCM). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the [3H]PrBCM-labeled receptors showed that the endoglycosidase F treatment caused a decrease in apparent Mr from 70 to 51 kDa, the Mr predicted for the peptide portions of M1, M2 and M4 subtypes. Endoglycosidase F-treated receptors had essentially the same affinities for both agonists and antagonists as those of control receptors. In addition, treated receptors that had been reconstituted in lipid vesicles with G proteins showed guanine nucleotide-sensitive high affinity for agonists. These results suggest that the carbohydrate moiety of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors is not involved in their interaction with muscarinic ligands and G proteins.

Animals↗