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Biomedical subjects

K Ochiai

Publications and source records attributed to K Ochiai.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpimizole in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefpimizole (AC-1370) was studied for its transference into adnexa uteri and uterine tissues as well as for its effects and safety on gynecological infections. The results obtained are as follows: Peak levels of AC-1370 were obtained in the antecubital vein and uterine artery at 10 minutes, in the tissues of adnexa uteri and uteri about 30 minutes after one shot intravenous injection of AC-1370 1 g, and relatively high concentrations were maintained for several hours. In the treatment of 30 cases of gynecological infections, the clinical efficacy of AC-1370 was assessed as effective in all cases. As for the bacteriological effects of AC-1370, 77.6% of isolated organisms were eradicated and 90% of all cases were effective. Side effects and abnormal laboratory findings due to AC-1370 were not observed during and after administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical trial of cefpiramide in the gynecological field].

Cefpiramide (CPM) was administrated intramuscularly to 27 cases of gynecological infections to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety and the following results wee obtained. CPM was effective to all the cases of gynecological infections, and excellent was seen in 14 cases and good was seen in 13 cases. CPM eliminated 75% of clinical isolates. Laboratory tests were performed to blood samples and functions of liver and kidney before and after CPM treatment. Elevation of GPT was observed in 2 cases but required no treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical studies on sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Efficacy and safety of sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) was studied on gynecological infections. The results obtained are as follows: In the treatment of 31 cases of gynecological infections, the clinical efficacy of SBT/CPZ was assessed as excellent in 9 cases and effective in 22 cases. As for the bacteriological effects of SBT/CPZ, clinically isolated organisms were completely (100%) eradicated. In comparison with MICs of CPZ, SBT/CPZ was found to show a combined effect on Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms in the order mentioned, but this effect was not observed against anaerobes. The combined effect of SBT/CPZ on beta-lactamase producing bacteria was also investigated in the same manner. As a result, SBT/CPZ was found to exert a combined effect on beta-lactamase strains of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, B. catarrhalis and B. fragilis. The laboratory tests performed before and after administration of SBT/CPZ revealed rise in GOT and GPT values in 1 case, GPT values in 2 cases and eosinophil in 1 case. However, these rises were all mild and required no particular measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical significance of new tumor marker CA 125 in gynecological cancer--particularly usefulness in diagnosis of ovarian cancer].

A concentration in sera of a new antigen CA125 related to cancer of the ovary was measured by radioimmunoassay which used a monoclonal antibody, and its usefulness as a tumor marker in the diagnosis of cancer of the ovary was investigated. The mean values for CA125 in sera of healthy controls (80 females) were 14.2 +/- 12.2 U/ml. Mean values for CA125 in sera of various patients were 29.0 +/- 39.6 for myoma uteri (30 cases), 26.7 +/- 30.1 for benign ovarian tumors (10 cases), 64.4 +/- 146.2 for cervical carcinoma (14 cases), and 31.5 +/- 19.8 for endometrial carcinoma (6 cases), whereas the mean values for ovarian cancers (23 cases) were as high as 311.3 +/- 250.4. On the other hand, positive rates for CA125, when the cut-off value was set to 65 U/ml, were 1.3% for healthy controls (1 out of 80 cases), 10.0% for myoma uteri (3 out of 30 cases), 10.0% for benign ovarian tumors (1 out of 10 cases), 14.3% for cervical carcinoma (2 out of 14 cases), and 16.7% for endometrial carcinoma (1 out of 6 cases), whereas the positive rate for ovarian cancers was 78.3% (18 out of 23 cases). Especially for serous cystadenocarcinoma, the positive rate was 100% (10 out of 10 cases). From the above, the measurement of CA125 in sera was considered to be significant in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

An improved method for measuring aggregation of certain streptococcal bacteria found in dental plaque.

Various cells were incubated with either dextran or sucrose and the reaction was terminated by the addition of a 20 per cent solution of formaldehyde. A reaction mixture consisting of cells and aggregated cells was applied to a step-gradient glycerol column (0-60 per cent) and 0.5 ml fractions were collected from the bottom of the column. Non-aggregated cells remained in the top layer of the column. Aggregated cells settled in the 30 per cent glycerol layer as determined by either spectrophotometric or radioactive methods. The amount of aggregated cells demonstrated in this layer increased with either incubation time or concentration of sucrose, dextran or cells. Cells of Strep, mutans strains 6715, AHT, 10449, OMZ-176, OMZ-175 and two mutants of Strep. mutans strain 6715 (designated C4 and C307) aggregated strongly. Cells of Strep. mutans strain LM7 aggregated weakly, whereas cells of Strep. mutans 6715 mutant UAB165, a mutant defective in aggregation. Strep. mutans strain BHT, Strep. salivarius and Strep. sanguis did not aggregate in the presence of either sucrose or dextran. Experiments testing co-aggregation between two different types of cells were done by using 3H-labelled and 14C-labelled cells. Strep. mutans strain 6715 co-aggregated with Strep. sanguis in the presence of sucrose or dextran, whereas Strep. mutans strain 6715 did not aggregate with Strep. salivarius. The method separates aggregated from non-aggregated cells and enables quantitation of sucrose- or dextran-induced aggregation and co-aggregation.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1983

The importance of a luteolytic effect of the pituitary in understanding the placental control of the rat corpus luteum.

In rats bearing a full complement of conceptuses (FC-bearing rats) progesterone secretion increases about 1.5 times and the corpora lutea double in weight between days 12 and 16. Reducing the number of conceptuses to one (by aspirating all but the single conceptus) at any time between days 7 and 12 of pregnancy (day 1 = insemination) caused progesterone secretion and corpus luteum weight to remain at or below the day 12 level until term. When rats bearing one conceptus were hypophysectomized on day 12, however, serum progesterone increased and fell after day 12 in a pattern almost identical to that in FC-bearing rats, except that the peak and trough occurred about 2 days later; hypophysectomy on day 15 or 18 also increased serum progesterone to values approaching those in intact FC-bearing rats. In a series of rats bearing experimentally determined conceptus numbers between 0 and 5 or naturally occurring ones of 6-16, the serum level of placental lactogen on day 12 (the day of the first peak of secretion of this hormone) was directly proportional to conceptus number over the entire range. The pattern of rat placental lactogen secretion between days 7 and 23 in FC-bearing rats included two peaks, on day 12 and on days 18-21, but in one-conceptus-bearing rats, the level was only slightly higher than the PRL level, and it remained unchanged, even by hypophysectomy, until term. Serum PRL levels bore no relation to conceptus number, were very low, and were unaffected by hypophysectomy except in the FC-bearing rats, in which lypophysectomy prevented the rise that normally occurs after day 21. These results, especially in relation to others previously reported, show that by day 12 of pregnancy, the rat pituitary, instead of merely becoming luteotropically inactive, produces a substance that inhibits further development of the corpora lutea. The results also imply that the placentas maintain luteal growth and progesterone secretion as much by suppressing this luteolytic activity as by stimulating the corpus luteum directly.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental and clinical studies of ceftazidime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Ceftazidime (CAZ) was studied for its transference into adnexa uteri and uterine tissues as well as for its effects and safety on gynecological infections. The results obtained are as follows: Peak levels of CAZ were obtained in the tissues of adnexa uteri and uteri at 15--30 minutes after one shot intravenous injection of CAZ 1 g, and relatively high concentrations were maintained for several hours. In the treatment of 33 cases of gynecological infections, the clinical efficacy of CAZ was assessed as excellent in 13 cases and effective in 20 cases. As for the bacteriological effects of CAZ, 95.5% of clinically isolated organisms were eradicated. The laboratory tests performed before and after administration of CAZ revealed rise in GOT, GPT values in 2 cases and eosinophilia in 1 case. However, these cases were all mild and required no particular measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical study of cefotetan in obstetrics and gynecology].

A new cephamycin antibiotic, cefotetan, was administered intramuscularly to 45 patients with female genital infections including 2 cases with abscess of Bartholin's gland, 14 cases with endometritis, 23 cases with adnexitis and 6 cases with pelvic peritonitis. The daily doses of the drug were 1 to 3 g, with 2 g daily being the most frequent regimen. The treatment was given twice daily in most patients. All cases responded to the drug, and marked response was seen in 22 cases and moderate response in 23. The eradication rate for causative organisms was 64.3%. In 16 cases of S. faecalis, it was rather low at 37.5%. Neither side effects nor abnormalities in clinical laboratory findings attributable to the drug were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Absorption, excretion and distribution of amikacin following intravenous drip infusion. Intravenous drip infusion, one shot intravenous injection and intramuscular administration of amikacin in dogs, rabbits and rats].

Absorption, excretion and distribution of amikacin sulfate (AMK) obtained following administration by drip intravenous infusion (d.i.v.) were studied in dogs, rabbits and rats, and were compared with those obtained after one shot intravenous infusion (i.v.) and intramuscular injection (i.m.). 1. The plasma concentration and urinary excretion of AMK following d.i.v. were compared with those after i.v. and i.m. in dogs and rabbits. The peaks of plasma concentration following d.i.v. were obtained at the end of d.i.v. and it was clearly observed a linear dependence between the peak values and the doses both in dogs and in rabbits. There were no significant differences in the peak plasma concentrations between 1 hour d.i.v. and i.m. at the doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg in dogs and at each dose in rabbits. At the higher dose (100 mg/kg) in dogs, the peak plasma concentration following 1 hour d.i.v. was slightly higher than that after i.m. The plasma concentrations at 10 minutes after i.v. were elevated about twice as high as the peak plasma concentrations following 1 hour d.i.v. both in dogs and in rabbits. The urinary recoveries following d.i.v. and i.v. were more than 90% and those after i.m. were about 85%. 2. The tissue and organ concentrations of AMK following 1 hour d.i.v. were studies in rats and rabbits. The peak concentrations were obtained at the end of d.i.v. in any tissue and organ. Kidney was the highest and plasma, lungs, heart, stomach and so on were followed. The concentration in kidney was remained but those in other tissues and organs were decreased soon. 3. The plasma concentrations following d.i.v. in dogs were well agreed with the pharmacokinetic analysis in the two-compartment model, as the means of relative errors (1Xm - Xc1 divided by Xc) between the measured plasma concentration (Xm) and the calculated one (Xc) were less than 10% and the deviations of the pharmacokinetic parameters were in little ranges. The plasma concentrations during and just after d.i.v. were also agreed enough with the pharmacokinetic analysis in the one-compartment model.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1981

Oral ecology and virulence of Lactobacillus casei and Streptococcus mutans in gnotobiotic rats.

Lactobacilli comprise a small percentage of the normal oral microbial flora of humans and are isolated commonly from saliva and frequently from an active caries lesion. We have compared the pathogenesis and colonization pattern of Lactobacillus casei with that of Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 in gnotobiotic rats. Of the two L. casei strains tested, L. casei strain ATCC 4646 caused slightly more caries than L. casei strain ATCC 11578. However, the level of caries induced by either L. casei strain was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that observed in similar-aged rats monoassociated with S. mutans strain 6715. When groups of rats were infected with mixtures of L. casei strain ATCC 4646 and S. mutans strain 6715, or with L. casei followed by S. mutans, higher numbers of L. casei than S. mutans were found associated with the tongue and in saliva; S. mutans always predominated in plaque. The level of caries observed in these groups of rats was similar to that seen with rats monoassociated with S. mutans except when L. casei comprised greater than 1% of the plaque microflora. In this latter situation, the level of caries was significantly lower (P less than or equal to 0.05) than that obtained in S. mutans-monoassociated rats. The results of this study suggest that L. casei colonizes sites in the oral cavity (including the tongue and saliva) other than the tooth surface in rats. The effect of L. casei in plaque toward reduction of S. mutans-induced dental caries in rats is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hetero-transplantation of human endometrial carcinoma into nude mouse. Effects of sex steroid hormones on morphological aspects of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma cells.

Seven cases of human endometrial carcinoma were transplanted into nude mice. Two of these cases, histologically classed as undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, were succeeded in the initial transplantation, but only 1, designated JEA-1, was established as serially transplanted tumor line in nude mice, which contained no estrogen and progesterone receptors assayed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. JEA-1 tumor cells transplanted serially maintained the morphological and the functional characteristics of the original human tumor. Consequently, the JEA-1 tumor line will be useful for the experimental model of cancer treatments and the analysis of sensitivity for sex steroid hormones. Effects of sex steroid hormones on JEA-1 tumor cells had been examined and the electron microscopic observation and in receptor level, alteration of the tumor tissue were found. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells which had been administrated estradiol and progesterone revealed various morphological changes resembling that of normal endometrial epithelium in the proliferative and the secretory phase, respectively. In addition, in the tumor tissue which had been administrated estradiol, the low, but positive, estrogen receptor sites were detectable. These findings may suggest that means of estradiol exposure will be able to induce the estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial carcinoma initially without these hormone receptors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Cycle variation and distribution in the concentration of cytosol estrogen and progesterone receptors in the normal human uterus and myoma.

The concentrations of cytosol estrogen receptor (ERc) and cytosol progesterone receptor (PRc) in the human endometrium, myometrium, fallopian tube, cervix, and myoma obtained from 20 patients have been measured by the dextran-coated charcoal method using estradiol-17 beta and R5020. The concentration of ERc of the endometrium and fallopian tube were significantly higher in the first half of proliferative phase compared to the other periods of the cycle (P less than 0.02). Significantly higher concentrations of PRc of the endometrium, myometrium and fallopian tube were obtained in the second half of proliferative phase (P less than 0.01). The ERc of the myometrium and the cervix, and the PRc of the cervix did not show any significant difference in the concentration during the proliferative phase, but mean values of the proliferative phase were higher than those of the secretory phase (P less than 0.05). Similar cyclic variations of ERc and PRc throughout the menstrual cycle was observed in small myoma, less than 3 cm in diameter. The concentration of ERc of small myoma in the first half of proliferative phase was three times higher than that of normal myometrium (P less than 0.01), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of PRc. Dissociation constants of ERc and PRc in all the tissue examined were in the range of 10(-10) and 10(-9) M, respectively, and did not fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle. Results suggest that the endometrium, myometrium and fallopian tube are in a group and the cervix is different from them in terms of the pattern of variation in the concentration of ERc and PRc and the ratio of PRc to ERc (PRc/ERc) throughout the menstrual cycle. It is noteworthy that the PRc/ERc of small myoma was lower than normal myometrium, suggesting the possible relation to the pathological growth of myoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bacitracin production by whole cells immobilized in polyacrylamide gel.

Whole cells of Bacillus sp., bacitracin-producing bacteria, were immobilized in polyacrylamide gel prepared by using 5% total acrylamide (95% acrylamide monomer and 5% N, N'-methylenebis acrylamide). Bacitracin production by the immobilized whole cells was examined by using various fermentation media. In starch-bouillon medium, the initial activity of immobilized whole cells for bacitracin production was 20 to 25% that of an equivalent amount of washed cells. With successive utilizations in 1% peptone as reaction medium, activity of the immobilized whole cells increased gradually and reached a steady-state maximum having a value of 80 to 90% of the activity obtained initially with washed cells, whereas the washed cells lost most activity when utilized successively. What appeared to be growth of the bacteria in the gel was observed by electron microscopy. Therefore, the activation of immobilized whole cells during successive utilizations apparently resulted from the growth of whole cells in the gel, especially at the gel surface.

Acrylamides↗