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Biomedical subjects

K Noma

Publications and source records attributed to K Noma.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Characteristics and management of patients with lung cancer and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

Among 102 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), 22 with lung cancer who were treated from 1981 to 1994 were studied retrospectively. As controls, 248 patients with lung cancer only who were treated from 1991 to 1992 were also studied. Lung cancer developed in 6 of 85 patients after IIP was diagnosed (7.1%). The time from the onset of IIP to the onset of lung cancer was 7.7 years. In 17 patients both IIP and lung cancer were present on admission. In general, patients with IIP and lung cancer were heavy smokers. In patients with IIP and lung cancer, %VC was higher than in those with IIP alone, and 20 cancers (90.0%) were in peripheral lung fields. Seventeen patients received anticancer chemotherapy, irradiation, or both. Five patients (29.4%) died of respiratory failure due to progression of pneumonitis after the therapy. The prognosis for patients with IIP and lung cancer was very poor.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Differentiation of antinociceptive effects of mu, delta and kappa agonists using heat, chemical and mechanical nociception].

The antinociceptive properties of mu (D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol, enkephalin, DAGO), delta (D-Ala2, D-leu5, enkephalin, DADL) and kappa (dynorphin, DYN) were assessed using hot plate (heat), acetic acid-induced writhing (chemical) and tail pinch (mechanical) assays in mice. Test drug and control treatments were given by cisternal injection in a dose volume of 10 microliters.mouse-1. DAGO and DADL produced steep dose-response lines in all the tests. DYN did not produce a consistent antinociceptive effect on the tail pinch test. Utilizing these three different types of assays, the rank order of antinociceptive potency for these three opioids was DAGO > DADL > DYN. The responses to the hot plate and writhing assays were completely inhibited by the same dose of DAGO. DADL displayed equal antinociceptive effects in the hot plate and writhing tests. In the tail pinch assay, however, antinociceptive potency of DAGO was 1/3 less than in other two assays, and DADL was also 1/10 less than in the others. The rank order of antinociceptive potency for DYN in different noxia was the writhing > hot plate >> tail pinch. It was concluded that there are differences in the potency of mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists even when the intensities of chemical and heat noxia are equal. It was also proposed that antinociceptive potencies against mechanical noxia is greatly different among mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

[Usefulness of subcutaneous implantable port with new one-way valve].

Because of the development of the subcutaneous implantable port, intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for malignant tumor has been performed in safety and it is now possible to choose a more effective method of drug administration. Many problems remain, however. In this study, we investigated the performance of subcutaneous implantable port with a new one-way valve with safety, septum intensity and a back stream of blood. This new port was very safe, with good septum intensity and water backflow. In the performance test with a back stream of water into the catheter, water did not back up into the catheter connecting with the port with the one-way valve, but did so without the one-way valve after releasing a load of 2,000 g from the septum. This suggests that the catheter obstruction is decreased by adding a one-way valve to the port.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

[Two cases of the successful treatment of TAPVR with asplenia syndrome in neonates and infants].

Two patients of asplenia syndrome with pulmonary venous obstruction underwent TAPVR repair in the period of neonate (14 days) and infant (49 days). Associated procedures were necessary to adjust pulmonary blood flow (central shunt in 1, PA banding in 1). Both patients required subsequent surgical procedures; right modified BT shunt, due to kinking of central shunt in one patient and rePA banding for reduction of pulmonary blood flow in another patient. One patient died 4 months after the first operation of arrhythmia. Another patient is doing well in 7 months after the first operation. The TAPVR repair in the early period of infant or naonate is necessary to prevent progress of pulmonary venous obstruction. Adjustment of pulmonary blood flow is important for management of patients of asplenia syndrome after TAPVR repair.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Profile of T-cell receptor V beta gene usage of cytotoxic T cells induced by intrapleural administration of a streptococcal preparation, OK432, in malignant effusions.

T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements were analyzed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to determine whether oligoclonal expression of TCRV beta occurs in TIL, and if so, whether it is involved in the clinical response and mechanisms of locoregional immunotherapy using a streptococcal preparation, OK432. Patients with malignant effusion of various origins were treated with intrapleural administration of OK432, and clinical responses were assessed by cytological and chest X-ray examinations. Pleural exudate cells (PEC), obtained before and after the administration of OK432 (designated as pre- and OK432-PEC, respectively), were subjected to TCR analysis. Both pre-PEC and OK432-PEC showed highly diverse expressions of TCRV beta gene usage in either type of PEC. The frequency of TCRV beta 20 gene expression in OK432-PEC was significantly higher than in pre-PEC. Moreover, the over-expression of the TCRV beta 20 gene usage was also induced in the peripheral blood lymphocytes and pre-PEC of patients by in vitro OK432 stimulation, but not in the PBL of one healthy volunteer. Single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis revealed the clonotypes of these TCRV beta 20 genes. Autologous tumor-specific killing activity could be detected in OK432-PEC and was significantly reduced by treatment with a TCRV beta 20-specific monoclonal antibody. These findings suggest that the rearrangement of TCRV beta 20 gene usage may be involved in the autologous tumor-specific action of malignant effusions in the treatment with OK432.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Clinical usefulness of an ATP heat sensitivity test using endoscopic biopsy materials from esophageal cancer patients.

The usefulness of a heat sensitivity test which involved performing an ATP assay on endoscopic biopsy materials for predicting the clinical response to hyperthermia was investigated in esophageal cancer patients. Following in vitro heat treatment of FM3A tumor cells, the heat sensitivity detected by ATPA was significantly correlated with that in the colony-forming assay, and the percent inhibition of the ATP level in the tumor cells was correlated with in vivo tumor growth. The heat sensitivity of the biopsy materials evaluated by ATPA correlated well with that of the resected specimens in 18 esophageal cancer patients, while the clinical response to thermal therapy was well predicted by the heat sensitivity of the biopsy materials evaluated by ATPA in seven of the patients. These results indicate that the heat sensitivity test conducted by performing an ATPA on endoscopic biopsy materials could be a useful indicator for predicting the clinical response to thermal therapy.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1995

Effects of electrical stimulation of cervical sympathetic trunks on microcirculation in the facial nerve.

This study evaluates the circulatory effects of electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunks on blood flow in the common carotid artery and facial nerve tissue in dogs. Marked increases in arterial pressure and heart rate were observed due to electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunks, while blood flow volume in the common carotid artery and in the facial nerve tissue decreased markedly. It was assumed that microcirculation of the facial nerve is definitely impaired by electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunks, and the tonicity of the sympathetic nervous system appears to be a major factor in changes in the microcirculation of the facial nerve. It is well known that impaired circulation in the nutrient vessels of the facial nerve has an important effect on the pathogenesis of facial palsy. The hypertonicity of the sympathetic nervous system is closely involved in the onset of facial palsy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[T cell receptor V beta repertoire of locoregional lymphocytes in malignant effusions].

We analyzed the T cell receptor (TCR) V beta repertoire of lymphocytes obtained from patients with malignant effusion treated by locoregional immunotherapy. Polymerase chain reaction using a panel of V beta subfamily specific oligonucleotide primers(V beta 1-20) was employed after reverse transcription of mRNA isolated from the locoregional cells. No major oligoclonality of TCR repertoire was observed in effusion lymphocytes before the treatment. The expression level of V beta 13.1 repertoire was significantly higher in effusion lymphocytes than in peripheral blood lymphocytes before treatment. V beta 20 gene expression increased significantly after locoregional administration of OK-432. It is suggested that TCR V beta 13.1 may be responsible for effusion lymphocytes and TCR V beta 20 for OK-432-related antigenic stimulus.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Changes of tympanic temperature by stellate ganglion block].

The effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on the temperature of tympanic membrane were determined clinically. Thirty patients received SGB with 8 ml of 1 % mepivacaine. The tympanic temperature was measured using radiation non-contact tympanic membrane thermometer before and after administration of SGB for 30 min on the side where SGB was given. Before SGB the tympanic temperature was 37.29 +/- 0.08 degrees C, and there was no difference in the readings between the two sides. The tympanic temperature dropped significantly 5 min after SGB and reached its lowest value of 36.90 +/- 0.08 degrees C 15 min later. This drop persisted for more than 30 min after SGB. The fact that therapeutic effect of SGB is partly due to vasodilation and improvement in blood flow to the affected region was demonstrated, but these effects in internal carotid arterial system have not yet been studied in detail. Tympanic temperature has been proposed as a valid index of brain temperature in man. The mechanism of brain cooling has been suggested that countercurrent heat exchange takes place between carotid and jugular blood flow. Therefore the result of the study suggests that SGB could enhance an increase in the brain blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) to esophageal substitute between retro-sternal route and posterior mediastinal route].

To elucidate superiority of route among surgery of esophageal cancer with stomach tube, duodenogastric reflux (DGR) were examined in nine cases of retro-sternal bypass (RS) and 18 cases of posterior mediastinal group (PM) by means of questionnaire of reflux esophagitis, esophageal transit scintigram and 24 hour pH monitoring to those patients. Firstly, in order to readily compare the two groups, each section of reflux symptoms was expressed as a brief score by dividing each symptom into strength (0-3) and frequency (0-3). Mean score of reflux sensation was less in RS than in PM significantly (0.9 vs. 2.9, p < 0.01). The median value showed that patients in PM had much DGR symptoms than those in RS significantly (8.5 vs. 5.5, p < 0.01). In esophageal transit scintigram, TcO4- (85 MBq) was counted by gamma camera at the upper (ROI-1), center (ROI-2), and lower (ROI-3) sites of the sternum bone in the upright position. The descending time of RI peak from ROI-1 to ROI-3 in RS was shorter than PM (2.1 sec vs. 3.9 sec, N.S.). At ROI-2, clearance rate of RI in RS was similar to that in PM. At ROI-3, clearance rate of RI in RS was better than that in PM significantly (80.0% vs. 49.6%, p < 0.05). Scintigram revealed RI stasis in PM, which might be presumably concerned to DGR. Intragastric pH was measured continuously 5 and 15 cm below the esophagogastrostomy using 2-channeled antimony pH sensors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Duodenogastric Reflux↗
PubMed1994

[Circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block and high thoracic epidural block].

A comparative study of the circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) and high thoracic epidural block (TEB) was conducted in 11 patients. Although blood pressure and heart rate showed no significant changes even after SGB, they both decreased significantly following TEB. The blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA) increased markedly at 5 minutes after performing SGB, and at 20 minutes it reached its peak value of 163.5 +/- 7.8%, and the increase remained significant up to 75 minutes. On the other hand, it increased significantly from 5 minutes after performing TEB and reached its peak of 122.2 +/- 7.6% at 15 minutes, and this increase remained significant up to 60 minutes. In comparing these two nerve blocks, the blood flow in the CCA showed a more marked increase following SGB than after TEB from 5 to 60 minutes after performing. The blood flow rate in the CCA increased markedly from 5 minutes after performing SGB, reached its peak of 139.1 +/- 11.3% at 20 minutes, and this increase remained significant up to 60 minutes thereafter. After performing TEB no significant changes were observed. In comparing SGB and TEB, from 5 to 60 minutes after performing, the rate became markedly faster after SGB than after TEB. The vascular diameter of the CCA from 5 minutes after performing SGB showed a slight but significant enlargement, and at 20 minutes it reached its maximum of 111.7 +/- 3.0%, and this significant enlargement persisted up to 60 minutes. From 10 minutes after performing TEB, it showed a slight but significant enlargement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Skin reaction to OK-432 and its dosage for locoregional administration].

Establishment of optimal dosage of OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, was studied based on its skin test was studied. Locoregional immunotherapy using OK-432 was conducted for patients with malignant fluids. More OK-432 was administered to patients having a weaker skin reaction to OK-432 and less to those having a stronger one, corresponding to their redness diameter of skin reaction. There was a marked difference in OK-432-skin test among patients. Some patients with malignant fluids having small redness responded to the treatment after a large amount of OK-432, and others were well controlled by a smaller dosage of OK-432. It is suggested that OK-432-skin test may provide the optimal dosage for local treatment of malignant fluids.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1994

[Circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block in idiopathic facial palsy].

The circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on the blood flow through the common carotid artery were determined in 35 patients in acute phase of idiopathic facial palsy (Bell's palsy). SGB was performed by para-tracheal approach with 8 ml of 1% mepivacaine. The blood flow was measured with an ultrasonic blood flowmeter before and 30 minutes after SGB at both sides of the common carotid artery in 20 cases. Measurement was performed continuously for 90 minutes on the palsy side in the other 15 patients. Before SGB, there were no significant differences between the blood flow of the palsy side and the intact side. Thirty minutes after SGB, the blood flow markedly increased to 169.4 +/- 6.2% on the performed side with no change on the non-performed side in 20 cases. In the other 15 patients, the blood flow increased significantly 5 minutes after SGB and reached its peak of 179.7 +/- 11.1% at 20 minutes later. This increase continued for 75 minutes after SGB. It is well known that impaired microcirculation in the facial nerve has an important role in the pathophysiology of Bell's palsy. In view of the fact that the nutrient arteries for the facial nerve are the peripheral branches of the external carotid artery, we believe that SGB which causes significant increase in the blood flow through the common carotid artery is an effective treatment in Bell's palsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Beneficial effect of ACE inhibitor in congestive heart failure.

The effects of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on congestive heart failure (CHF) were investigated in animal and clinical studies. Congestive heart failure was induced in rats by a combination of pressure and volume overload. Cardiac pressure overload was induced by constricting one renal artery (Goldblatt rat) and volume overload was induced by aorto-caval fistula. Captopril (100 mg/kg/day) was then administered for 14 weeks. Isometric contraction was assessed using isolated left ventricular papillary muscles. The maximum developed tension and the maximum rate of increase in tension (dT/dtmax) were decreased in untreated rats with CHF and improved in captopril-treated rats. The left ventricular myosin isoenzyme pattern was shifted towards V3 in untreated rats with CHF, and was shifted back towards V1 in the captopril-treated rats. In the clinical study, captopril (37.5-75 mg/day) was administered to patients with cardiomyopathy for 12 months. There was no effect on left ventricular mass in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, although systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve disappeared in one patient. In dilated cardiomyopathy, however, left ventricular mass tended to decrease. These results indicate that captopril has a beneficial effect in congestive heart failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Mitochondrial DNA deletion in human myocardium.

Mutation of myocardial mitochondrial DNA was investigated in human left ventricles obtained at autopsy using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Seventeen autopsy cases were examined, including patients with diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, cancer, and other diseases. Two cases of diabetes mellitus, 2 of myocardial infarction, and 1 of pulmonary fibrosis showed a 7.4 kb deletion of myocardial mitochondrial DNA. Primer shift PCR confirmed that an amplified DNA fragment had not been obtained by misannealing of the primers. It is unclear how much these findings are related to the severity or prognosis of the various diseases, but they indicate that mutation of myocardial mitochondrial DNA can occur in other diseases besides cardiomyopathy, although the influence of aging could not be excluded.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

[A report on the effect of sheltered workshop activities on the social living activity of the mentally ill--analysis of research on workshop clients].

The effect of sheltered workshop activities on the social living activity of the mentally ill was studied in order to evaluate the role and level of function of workshop activities as a self support and employment system for clients, and to determine the future tasks of the workshop and rehabilitative services in the community. The following results were observed: 1) Clients' social living ability appears to be poor, especially in questions related to personal relationships and time distribution, where less than 50% of the clients answered "Possible without assistance". This appears to be characteristics of the living behaviors of mentally ill individuals. 2) Most of the families of the clients evaluated the sheltered workshop activities positively in terms of increasing the clients' social living ability. 3) A survey of families showed that by utilizing the workshop much progress has been made toward improving those living behaviors which are easily made into habits and lifestyle pattern. On the other hand, personal relationships and living behaviors which require coping flexibility, are much more refactory. Based on those results, the future task of sheltered workshops and the supportive role of the public health center need to be examined further.

Adult↗