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Biomedical subjects

K Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Noguchi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Mechanism of hematuria in glomerular disease. An electron microscopic study in a case of diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis.

From an electron-microscopic study in a case of diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, we would like to propose a possible mechanism of hematuria in glomerular disease. There are several factors we should consider: (1) the deforming force of the red blood cell (RBC); (2) the deformability of the RBC; (3) the size of the gaps in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and (4) the thickness of the GBM. The deforming force is due to increased capillary pressure in the glomerulus that alters the contour of the RBCs. If these gaps are larger than 0.25 micron, the stretching and retracting force of the internal chamber of the GBM, combined with the capillary pulse, cause the deformed RBCs to pass through the gaps and proceed to the urinary space.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of a new beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, S-596 (arotinolol), on isolated dog coronary arteries.

Effects of S-596 on dog coronary arteries were investigated in vitro. S-596 produced concentration-dependent relaxations of coronary arterial strips under potassium-, prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha- or PGE2-contracture. S-596-induced relaxations of the strips were not influenced by tetraethylammonium or tranylcypromine, but restored by additional Ca++ or prevented by prior administration of Ca++. In distal portions of coronary arteries, S-596 significantly inhibited concentration-dependent relaxations of the strips induced by norepinephrine and reversed to weak contractions. In proximal portions, S-596 significantly inhibited concentration-dependent contractions induced by norepinephrine. Results indicate that S-596 has a nonspecific relaxant effect on isolated dog coronary arteries maybe through impairment of Ca++ availability and simultaneously has an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking effect, particularly on large coronary arteries.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of human bone marrow fibroblast colony formation by leukemic cells.

The number of bone marrow fibroblast colony formations decreases in most cases of acute leukemia before the initiation of chemotherapy. This study was undertaken to clarify the mechanism of suppression of fibroblast colony formation in leukemic patients. Titration of the number of bone marrow cells did not indicate a linear relationship between the number of bone marrow cells cultured and the number of fibroblast colony formations. The number of fibroblast colony formations recovered by removal of nonadherent leukemic cells following one day of incubation increased. The cloning efficiency of patient bone marrow still showed increases in colony formation at higher plating concentrations after the nonadherent cells were removed. When leukemic and normal bone marrow cells were cocultured, the suppressive effect of leukemic cells on normal marrow fibroblast colony formation was clearly observed. The suppressive effect disappeared at complete remission, and then reappeared at relapse. Heat-inactivated serum and bone marrow culture media from leukemic patients whose fibroblast colony formations were small in number suppressed fibroblast colony formation from normal bone marrow. From these results, it was concluded that the suppression of fibroblast colony formation in leukemic patients was through humoral factors produced by leukemic cells.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Angiomyolipoma: a case report and a statistical study of 147 cases in Japanese literature].

A 32-year-old housewife with gross hematuria and right flank pain had excretory urography and angiography performed. A large right renal mass with neovascularity was demonstrated. Computerized tomography also revealed a large well-demarcated renal mass with low value of HU. Right nephrectomy was done and histopathological diagnosis was angiomyolipoma weighing 1100 g. A statistical study was made on 147 cases of renal angiomyolipoma in the Japanese literature including this case. The male to female ratio was 1 to 2.9, and the average age of male and female patients was 37.8 and 39.0 years, respectively. Thirty-eight per cent of the cases were associated with tuberous sclerosis. The main clinical signs were flank pain, flank mass and hematuria. In 80% of the cases, nephrectomy was done because of the difficulty of preoperative differential diagnosis from renal cell carcinoma. Recently, CT and sonography have become a great help in diagnosing angiomyolipoma, because they can demonstrate the fat in the renal mass. Conservative or surgical treatment to save the kidney can be used more often when it becomes possible to make a clear differential diagnosis between angiomyolipoma and other malignant diseases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Presence of pluripotent haemopoietic precursors in vitro (CFU-mix) in haemopoietic tissues from mice of W/Wv genotype.

The presence or absence of haemopoietic precursors, which produce mixed colonies in vitro (CFU-mix) was examined in the bone marrow and spleen of (WB X C57BL/6) F1-W/Wv mice. Despite the failure of macroscopically evident colony-formation in the spleens of irradiated mice, haemopoietic cells of W/Wv mice did produce macroscopically-evident mixed colonies containing erythroid cells, macrophages, and often megakaryocytes, in culture medium. The size and constitution of mixed colonies derived from W/Wv mice were comparable to those of mixed colonies from congenic +/+ mice. The present results appear consistent with in vivo haemopoiesis in the W/Wv mice, which is obviously deficient, but sufficient for survival.

Anemia, Macrocytic↗
PubMed1982

A case of severe aplastic anaemia successfully treated by retransplantation from the same donor.

A 16-year-old girl with severe aplastic anaemia was successfully treated with retransplantation of bone marrow from an HLA-identical sibling after rejection of the first transplantation from the same donor. Cyclophosphamide was used for the first transplantation and cyclophosphamide, 300 rad total-body irradiation and antilymphocyte globulin were used for the second transplantation. Permanent engraftment was achieved after the retransplantation with normalization of haemopoiesis, which has lasted for over 17 months. The patient is now in excellent clinical condition with minimal signs of chronic graft versus host disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Uranium content in porcelain denture teeth and in porcelain powders for ceramic crowns.

Some porcelain denture teeth and porcelain powders marketed in Sweden haven been analyzed for the content of uranium. The fission track method and the delayed neutron technique were the methods used. Compared to results published previously the content of uranium was generally found to be lower in the brands analyzed. The denture teeth contained 23-186 ppm for Anatoform, 35-137 ppm for Myerson, 15-45 ppm for Candulor G and 20-53 ppm for Vivopearl. The baked and fired porcelain powders showed values of about 2.8 ppm at most, those in the form of powder about 25 ppm at most. The radiation dose to the mucosa of the upper lip was calculated and is discussed.

Crowns↗
PubMed1982

Trial of long-term leukapheresis in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia.

It is well known that adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is usually refractory to chemotherapy, acute or subacute in clinical course and is accompanied by lethal infections, suggesting a deficiency in cellular immunity. Chemotherapy makes the deficiency in cellular immunity worse, and this is followed by lethal infections. Therefore, a patient with ATL underwent leukapheresis on an IBM 2997 cell separator. A total of 22.3 x 10(11) leukemic T cells was removed. Removal of a large number of leukemic T cells was not associated with improvements in clinical symptoms except for skin eruption, but was not complicated by lethal infections. The peripheral leukocyte count after the 14th procedure began to increase over the prepheresis levels. In the course of frequent leukapheresis, leukemic meningitis occurred. Intrathecal injections of a small dose of antileukemic agents resulted in a rapid reduction of the leukemic T cell count and improvements in clinical symptoms. However, the patient died from cryptococcal sepsis. The survival time was 10 months from clinical onset, 9 months from diagnosis, 9 months from leukapheresis and 5 months from chemotherapy. From this experience, it appears that long-term repeated leukapheresis can decrease lethal infections and extend the survival time.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Suppressive effect of rabbit anti-mouse brain serum (RAMBS) on murine pluripotent hemopoietic precursors in vitro and committed early erythrocytic and macrophage-granulocytic precursors detected after brief in vivo passage.

Antisera to mouse brain tissue have activity against mouse pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (CFUS). In contrast to the suppressive effect of the antisera on in vivo colony formation of CFUs, it is known that in vitro colony formation from committed precursors, such as macrophage-granulocytic precursors (CFUC) and late erythrocytic precursors (CFUE) is not significantly suppressed. In the present experiments, the influence of rabbit anti-mouse brain serum (RAMBS) on colony formation from early erythrocytic precursors (BFUE) and pluripotent hemopoietic precursors in vitro (CFUMIX) was investigated. The number of colonies from both CFUMIX and BFUE did not decrease after preincubation with RAMBS and complement. However, when RAMBS-treated CFUMIX, BFUE, and CFUC were briefly exposed to an in vivo environment, all these precursors were almost completely removed, and also, CFUMIX, BFUE and CFUC seemed to share RAMBS reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on the feedback regulation of gonadotropin concentrations in male rats (I). The effects of hypothalamic implantation of testosterone and its metabolites on gonadotropin release in castrated male rats (author's transl)].

Testosterone (T), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT), 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol) and estradiol-17 beta (E) or cholesterol (control) were implanted into the hypothalamic median eminence--arcuate nucleus (ME-ARC) region of long-term castrated male rats. Serum LH and FSH levels were measured before and after the implantation. T or E implantation resulted in a 65.5% (P less than 0.01) or 80.2% (P less than 0.01) decrease in serum LH levels respectively, within 7 days after the intrahypothalamic application. 5 alpha-DHT or 3 alpha-diol implantation in the ME-ARC region also resulted in a significant lowering of serum LH levels, although their inhibitory action was less effective than that of T or E. There were no significant differences in serum LH levels 20 min after the intraperitoneal injection of 2 micrograms/kg of LH-RH between the control group and the T, 5 alpha-DHT, 3 alpha-diol or E group. E implantation also resulted in a 34.7% (P less than 0.01) decrease in serum FSH levels at the 7th day, but other steroids failed to reduce serum FSH levels after the intrahypothalamic application. These studies suggest that aromatization of T to E is not indispensable to the negative feedback effect of androgen on the hypothalamic LH-RH release. It might also be supposed that E is one of the factors regulating the serum FSH level.

Animals↗