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Biomedical subjects

K Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to K Nielsen.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Laser conization: follow-up in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the cone margin.

Combination laser conization was performed in 469 patients for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). In 58 cases (12.4%), CIN was located in the margins of the cone. Fifty-one patients with involvement of the margins were evaluated by cytologic examination, using the Ayre spatula and the Cytobrush, and by cervical biopsy and endocervical curettage (ECC). In six cases, the histologic evaluation was positive, and in three of these cases, the cytology was positive too. Hysterectomy was performed in five cases, but in only one case was a significant lesion demonstrated in the uterus. These results justify expectant, conservative management of patients treated with combination laser conization. Follow-up based on colposcopy and cytology seems sufficient.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The serological response of cattle immunized with Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 or O:16 to Yersinia and Brucella abortus antigens in enzyme immunoassays.

Sera from calves immunized with Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes O:9 or O:16 were tested by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations from Brucella abortus or Y. enterocolitica O:9 or O:16 for their antibody content of the IgG1 or IgG2 subclasses. High IgG1 responses were present with the three antigens in both groups although some individual variations between animals were noted. The IgG2 responses were modest and in some cases not above background 'noise'. Thus IgG2 antibody was not measurable in sera from serotype O:9 injected calves when using serotype O:16 LPS or in serotype O:16 injected calves when using B. abortus or serotype O:9 LPSs. A competitive ELISA using B. abortus O-polysaccharide and a monoclonal antibody to B. abortus LPS (initially designed to differentiate the antibody responses of cattle naturally infected with B. abortus from those vaccinated with strain 19) was used on sera from both groups of calves. Using this test, no antibody was detected in the group immunized with serotype O:16 and except for one animal in the serotype O:9 immunized group, only low levels of antibody were transiently in evidence. One animal in this group responded with quite high levels of competing antibody which, however, declined towards the end of the test period. The competitive ELISA may prove a useful serological tool for differentiating vaccinal and field infection titers to B. abortus and also to eliminate cross-reactions observed with Y. enterocolitica serotypes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Abacterial cystitis in urinary incontinent females.

Among the number of urological symptoms in women complaining of incontinence more specific symptoms are often overlooked. Frequency, urge, suprapubic pain, nocturia, etc., are typical for bladder wall disorders, but also often misleading as part of the incontinence symptomatology. The final diagnosis of bladder wall diseases is based on biopsies from the bladder wall. It is noteworthy that the mucosa often looks normal at endoscopy. In this paper several types of abacterial cystitis will be presented to illustrate the difficulty in revealing the diagnosis of bladder wall disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Effect of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on some immune parameters following vaccination against brucellosis in cattle.

Twenty-four 7-mo-old beef heifers (Charolais Simmental cross), weighing 213 kg, were used to determine the effect of vitamin E (VitE) and(or) selenium (Se) supplementation on the humoral response to a standard dose of Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine and on the levels of naturally occurring immunoglobulins (Ig) to several antigens. The treatments were as follows: Group 1, no supplement; Group 2, supplementation with 6 g of elemental Se; Group 3, supplementation with 1,400 IU/d of VitE; and Group 4, Se and VitE supplements combined. There were no significant differences in anti-B. abortus IgG1, IgG2, or IgM antibody levels due to Se, VitE or Se/VitE treatments; the concentrations of IgA antibody were too low to be measured with the ELISA test used. Statistical analysis revealed that the levels of total and IgM natural antibody to Salmonella typhimurium were higher in Group 3. Perhaps VitE supplementation given in conjunction with B. abortus vaccine enhanced the production of antibody to S. typhimurium in several animals whose humoral system had been activated by previous exposure to this organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Stereologic estimates of nuclear volume in noninvasive bladder tumors (Ta) correlated with the recurrence pattern.

The mean nuclear volume of cells in bladder tumors was estimated using the principle for estimation of the volume of particles of arbitrary shape. The study included three groups of patients: one group of 10 patients with only one nonrecurrent, noninvasive bladder tumor (Ta), another group of 11 patients with recurrent noninvasive bladder tumors, and a third group of 14 patients with recurrent primary noninvasive bladder tumors who ultimately developed an invasive tumor. After standard fixation, embedding, sectioning, and hematoxylin-eosin staining an unbiased estimate of the mean volume of nuclei sampled with a chance proportional to their volume was calculated: nu v = pi/3.l3(0). Here lo is the length of the intercept through a test point hitting a nucleus measured in a random direction through the test point. In the primary tumor the mean, nuclear volume of the cells in tumors from patients with a single bladder tumor is small (141 micrograms 3 geometric mean) with only one of ten above 165 microns 3. The mean nuclear volume of the primary tumor cells in patients with recurrent noninvasive bladder tumors was slightly larger (195 microns 3 geometric mean) with five of 11 above 165 microns 3. The mean nuclear volume of the primary tumor cells in patients who ended up with invasive tumors was higher (245 microns 3 geometric mean) with 12 of 14 above 165 microns 3. A large mean nuclear volume of cells in noninvasive bladder tumors (Ta) indicates recurrence and an invasive potential. Considering that nearly all primary tumors were classified as Bergkvist Grade II tumors, the prognostic precision of absolute mean nuclear volume is noticeable. This simple and fast estimate of mean nuclear volume seems to provide objective data with high prognostic value in primary noninvasive bladder tumors (Ta).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperpyrexia following poisoning with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor].

A 35-year old woman took 1 gram of isocarboxazide (Marplan) with suicidal intent. She was admitted to hospital approximately six hours later with nystagmus, generalized hypertonia and jaw trismus. Four hours after admission, she became comatose with poor ventilation, increasing rigidity of all muscles and temperature rising to 41.1 degrees C. She was intubated and ventilated. Dantrolen was used for muscular relaxation but because of minor unfavourable experience with dantrolen pancuron was employed instead. After this, the temperature fell and the patient became relaxed. After two days, she was extubated and transferred to psychiatric care in a normal physical state. It is concluded that a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug should be used in patients with hyperpyrexia caused by MAOI overdose, because of the generally more favourable experience with these drugs and because of the potential hepatoxicity of dantrolen.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Tension pneumoperitoneum].

A case of tension pneumoperitoneum is presented. The importance of immediate intervention is emphasized.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Nervous system damage and nutritional factors in chronic alcoholics.

Dietary habits in 45 chronic alcoholics were assessed by the dietary history method, and plasma albumin and serum transferrin. These variables as well as clinical findings did not indicate general malnutrition, but a moderate deficiency in folate intake was found. There was no correlation between the nutritional variables and central and peripheral nervous system function investigated by neuroradiological, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological methods. Transketolase and thiamine-pyrophosphate effects were measured in a subgroup of alcoholics and compared to a control group. No differences were found and there was no correlation to central nervous system impairment. These findings do not support the hypothesis that nervous system damage found in chronic alcoholics is of nutritional etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Stereological estimates of nuclear volume in primary lung cancer.

The aim of this study is to provide unbiased, objective and reproducible morphometric data on primary lung carcinomas by using the stereological principle of estimating volume weighed mean volume of particles of arbitrary shape. The study includes 30 lung specimens; 10 from small cell carcinoma, 10 from squamous cell carcinoma, and 10 from adenocarcinoma. After standard fixation, embedding, sectioning and hematoxylin eosin staining, the mean nuclear volume was estimated using the formula: v upsilon = pi/3 . l0(3), where l0 is the length of the intercept through a test point hitting a nucleus measured in a random direction through the test point. The collection of the data took less than 10 min per specimen. The mean nuclear volume of small cell carcinomas varied from 109 to 238 microns 3 (group mean 152 microns 3), in squamous cell carcinomas from 407 to 826 microns 3, and in adenocarcinomas from 411 to 1046 microns 3 (group mean 736 microns 3). This simple and rapid method seems to provide unbiased, objective and reproducible data useful in the description and separation of primary lung carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Stereological estimation of mean nuclear volume in prostatic cancer, the reproducibility and the possible value of estimations on repeated biopsies in the course of disease.

The reproducibility of stereological estimates of mean nuclear volume by using the principle of volume estimation of particles of arbitrary shape is investigated together with the possible prognostic value of the estimates in the course of advanced prostatic cancer. Repeated transurethral resection of the prostate was performed 14-93 months after the first resection in 14 of 85 consecutive patients in whom prostatic cancer was newly diagnosed in the period 1979-1983. Twelve of these fourteen patients needed endocrine treatment because of progression of the metastatic disease. The reproducibility of the estimations was excellent as the variation of the method was less than 1% when the estimation of the mean nuclear volume was repeated at random on the same specimens after a time-interval of 2 months. The progression of the disease was evidenced by a significant histological upgrading and by a highly significant increase of the mean nuclear volume from the first to the second transurethral resection of the prostate.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A comparison between stereological estimates of mean nuclear volume and DNA flow cytometry in bladder tumours.

The correlation between stereological estimate of mean nuclear volume and DNA-content was studied in 55 human urinary bladder tumours. The DNA-content was determined by flow cytometry on isolated nuclei stained with ethidium bromide. Trout erythrocytes were used as a biological internal standard providing an accurate determination of the DNA-histogram. An unbiased estimate of the mean nuclear volume (vv) was obtained after standard formaline fixation, paraffin-embedding, sectioning and hematoxylin-eosin staining using the equation vv = pi/3.l3(0). Here l0 is the length of an intercept measured in a random direction through a test point, which hit a nucleus. A highly significant correlation was found between vv and mean DNA-content of nuclei (2p = 0.0004). A highly significant correlation was also found between vv and the highest DNA-content present in tumours having cell populations with different DNA content (2p = 0.0016). The mean nuclear volume and the DNA-content also correlated well with the pathologic grade. Although significant the correlations were far from perfect, which indicates that DNA content and mean nuclear volume may provide partly independent biological information. The methods provide objective, unbiased and reproducible data which may improve the possibility of grading and predicting the disease course of human urinary bladder tumours.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1989

Interstitial cystitis: review of the literature.

Interstitial cystitis is a chronic bladder disease of unknown frequency and unclarified etiology. The condition is often missed and the patients incorrectly treated. The problematic patient is often a woman with a long-lasting urological history, sterile urine, urinary incontinence, dyspareunia or chronic pelvic pain. Here characteristics of 5 patients are described and the literature is reviewed to draw attention to this condition.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

Heterogeneic expression of blood group A and H isoantigens in bladder tumors: association with nuclear volume.

Intratumor heterogeneity is a major problem in immunodiagnosis and treatment of carcinomas. To elucidate the well-known heterogeneity in transitional-cell carcinomas of the ability to express blood group ABO isoantigens, a stereological estimate of the mean nuclear volume in areas expressing blood group antigens was compared to the estimate from areas of identical pathological grade at which antigen expression was deleted. Four microscopic fields were examined from antigen-positive and four from antigen-negative areas in sections from 21 blood group O and 20 blood group A individuals. The sections were stained before examination by an indirect peroxidase method using monoclonal anti-H and anti-A antibodies. The mean nuclear volume increased, as expected, with increasing pathological grade. In blood group O individuals the mean nuclear volume was 241.5 microns 3 in antigen-positive areas and 338.2 microns 3 in antigen-negative areas (2p less than 0.0005) of identical pathological grade. In group A individuals the mean nuclear volume was 217.1 microns 3 in positive areas and 351.1 microns 3 in corresponding negative areas (2p less than 0.0025). The variation in volume parameter was essentially caused by a true variation between tumors (greater than 82%). The results indicate a complex biological mechanism associated with the cellular ability to express blood group antigens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗