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Biomedical subjects

K Namba

Publications and source records attributed to K Namba.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Configurations of myosin heads in the crab striated muscle as studied by X-ray diffraction.

The configurations of myosin projections in striated muscles from the marine crab, Portunus trituberculatus were described in the relaxed and rigor states at the full overlap length of the thin and thick filaments. The crystallographic period of the thick filament is 101.5 nm (14.5 nm X 7) and the thick filament has four-fold rotational symmetry. In the relaxed state, the myosin projections sit about 19 nm from the thick filament axis, lying just between the surface of the thick filament backbone and that of the thin filament. They have an elongated structure with the length of 10 nm approximately 12 nm and a maximum axial thickness of about 4 nm. They are tilted axially by 20 degrees approximately 30 degrees to the thick filament axis. The configuration of the resting projections sensitively depends on the ionic strength and pH of the solution. In the rigor state, myosin heads are bound periodically to the thin filaments ( Namba , Wakabayashi & Mitsui , 1980); four myosin heads attach in groups every 38.3 nm to successive actin molecules of each strand of F-actin. Most of the bound myosin head is incorporated in the thin filament with the centre of gravity 2.8 nm from the thin filament axis. They are inclined at about 30 degrees to and slewed round the thin filament axis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytofluorometric study of nuclear DNA in the epidermis of keratotic dermatoses.

The cell cycle duration of basal cells in the epidermis of keratotic dermatoses was investigated with cytofluorometric method. In normal epidermis, the relative time spent in each phase was 85.1% (G1), 13.1% (S) and 1.8% (G2 + M). The relative time in ichthyosis vulgaris epidermis was similar to that in normal epidermis. In the case of psoriasis and non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, the relative number of S phase cells was more than that in normal epidermis. In psoriatic epidermis, nuclear protein value was highest not only in G1 fraction of basal cells but in differentiating cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A retrospective study of thick split-thickness plantar skin grafts to resurface the palm.

Both the function and appearance of thick split-thickness plantar skin grafts to resurface palmar skin defects are examined in this retrospective study. If defects in the hand are covered by grafts from hair-bearing donor sites, these grafts will show increased pigmentation and contrast clearly with the surrounding skin, particularly in the case of patients with heavy skin pigmentation. To avoid this pigmentation, we have used the thick split-thickness skin grafts taken from the plantar region of the foot. The most important aspect of the method is the removal of split-thickness skin with a thick dermal layer. Since 1975, we have used this method in 64 patients and conducted follow-ups on 41 of them. The results of follow-ups indicate that this method is quite successful and useful, especially in patients with dark skin. In general, there was no excessive pigmentation of the grafted skin; color and texture of grafted skin matched the surrounding skin; function recovery is good owing to similar skin structure; thick split-thickness skin with a thick dermal layer prevents contracture of grafted skin; grafted skin withstands trauma; donor site need not be grafted; and the scar at the donor sites is hidden and produced no morbidity. It must be noted, however, that one-third of all patients were lost to follow-up, and the results in these patients are not known.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Types of ocular attacks and lysosomal enzymes in Behçet's disease.

The activities of the lysosomal enzymes of leukocytes were correlated with the types of ocular attacks of Behcet's disease, ie, the anterior or posterior types. No significant correlation was found between the types of attacks and the activities of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the neutrophils, however, was significantly lower in the posterior type than in the anterior type. In selected cases, the time-course of the MPO activity was studied: the activity decreased at attacks and showed a recovery as the symptoms subsided. The recovery after the attacks was faster in the anterior type than in the posterior type. The difference between the MPO activities in the two types of attacks was thought to be due to the fact that the posterior type attack shows more severe ocular inflammation than the anterior type attack. It is possible that the MPO is released from the neutrophils just before the onset of the ocular attacks.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

[Facial palsy following head injury: topognosis, prognosis and indications for surgical decompression].

It is a common experience that the facial nerve is affected in closed head injury. 781 patients with head injury were treated at Kobe Central Municipal Hospital over a period of 5 years from January 1977 to April 1982, and facial palsy occurred in 25 cases (3.2%). The male to female ratio was 22: 3 and age ranged from 9 to 78 (average 36). The patients were studied, using radiological, topognostic and electrodiagnostic methods. Facial nerve decompression was done in 5 cases and 20 cases were treated conservatively. Results were as follows. The overall rate of complete recovery was 64% (16 of 25 cases). In the conservative treatment group, all patients with incomplete paralysis and normal maximal stimulation test (MST) recovered completely. With complete paralysis, if the initial nerve excitability (MST) was normal, recovery could be expected by conservative treatment. Even if the patients had abnormal nerve excitability (MST) at first, complete recovery could be observed, when signs of recovery could be elicited and normalization of MST occurred within 3 weeks from the onset of the palsy. In severe cases, even with abnormal MST from the onset, complete or partial recovery can be expected after surgery. Therefore, microsurgical decompression of the facial nerve is indicated in the following cases: patients with complete paralysis and no response to MST from the onset. patients with complete paralysis and deteriorating response to MST 1 month after onset. Maximal stimulation test is a good guide for determining the necessity for surgical intervention.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Cytofluorometric study of nuclear DNA in experimentally induced epidermal hyperplasia.

The rate of cell proliferation in the basal cell layer by epidermal hyperplasia of guinea pig ear was investigated with cytofluorometric method. Epidermal hyperplasia was caused by tape stripping or the application of n-hexadecane or retinoic acid. In non-treated epidermis, the mean of the relative numbers of cell in each phase to the total cell number was 62.8% (G1), 34.6% (S) and 2.6% (G2 + M), respectively. In the case of tape stripping, growth in the relative number of S phase cells showed approximately the same proportions at 3 to 12 h. At 24 h, the relative number of S phase cells was lower than that in non-treated epidermis. By the application of n-hexadecane, the relative number of S phase cells was highest at 6 h. It was highest at 3 h by the retinoic acid application. On the other hand, the value of nuclear protein in G1 cells was highest at 6 h by both tape stripping and n-hexadecane application, while the value by retinoic acid was similar to that in non-treated epidermis.

Alkanes↗
PubMed1982

[Early fundus changes caused by repeated small crises in the Posner-Schlossman syndrome: a model for glaucoma simplex].

In Posner-Schlossman syndrome a repeated crisis of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation to 25-45 mmHg continues for 3-10 days. During the relapses glaucomatous damage often occurs. The IOP and its variation during the crisis are similar to those in glaucoma simplex. Therefore, the syndrome can be considered as a natural model for investigations into glaucoma simplex. By analyzing five cases of Posner-Schlossman syndrome in which the glaucomatous lesions ranged from the earliest to advanced stages, the development and progression of glaucomatous damage of the optic nerve at varying chronically elevated IOP levels became evident. The earliest evident fundus change is a nerve fiber layer defect (NFLD) in the Bjerrum tangent, and not the enlargement of the physiologic excavation. The latter does not develop before stage IV. The slit-like NFLD shows a decrease in sensitivity of 0.2-0.4 log ND unit, which is thus easily overlooked. As the disease progresses the NFLD becomes more pronounced, its width increases and it becomes wedge-shaped. Due to a considerable loss of nerve fibers at the wedge-shaped defect, a small notch which develops in the direction of NFLD is not observed until stage IV. Goldmann perimetry demonstrated a certain abnormality at stages IV-V; in addition to the wedge-shaped NFLD, diffuse thinning of the NFLD begins around the optic disk and develops into a large, concentric excavation. For identification of the most delicate NFLDs, stereo fundus photography in color with 8-fold magnification, on 6 x 6 film is recommended.

Female↗
PubMed1981

X-ray equatorial analysis of crab striated muscle in the relaxed and rigor states.

The structure of muscle projected along the fiber axis was studied by equatorial X-ray diffraction. The electron-density distributions in axial projection of muscle were derived by the Fourier syntheses to a resolution of 7 nm in the relaxed and rigor states. The structure of the thick filament backbone (diameter about 21.5 nm) has a nearly smooth cylindrical surface and a low electron-density core (diameter about 7 nm) in the center. In the relaxes state, the center of gravity of th myosin heads is situated at a radius of 19.6 nm from the center of thick filament, lying just between the surface of the thick filament backbone and the surface of the thin filament (diameter about 8.4 nm). From the electron-density distributions in two states, the amount of mass transfer from the thick filament to the thin filament was estimated. It was in accordance with that predicted from the structure derived by the X-ray layer-line analyses.

Animals↗