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Biomedical subjects

K Namba

Publications and source records attributed to K Namba.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Structure of tobacco mosaic virus at 3.6 A resolution: implications for assembly.

X-ray fiber diffraction analysis of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has led to the building of a molecular model of the intact virus, based on a map at 3.6 A resolution derived from five separated Bessel orders. This has been made possible by advances in the solution of the fiber diffraction phase problem. It is now possible to understand much of the chemical basis of TMV assembly, particularly in terms of intersubunit electrostatic interactions and RNA binding. Consideration of the molecular structure in conjunction with physical chemical studies by several groups of investigators suggests that the nucleating aggregate for initiation of TMV assembly is a short (about two turns) helix of protein subunits, probably inhibited from further polymerization in the absence of RNA by the disordering of peptide loop near the inner surface of the virus.

RNA, Viral↗
PubMed1986

[A comparative study of mitoxantrone and adriamycin in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a preliminary result].

In order to compare the efficacy and toxicity of mitoxantrone and adriamycin in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a randomized trial has been conducted by a cooperative study group since June 1984. Previously untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of intermediate-grade-malignancy were allocated to either MCOP (a combination of mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone) or CHOP (a combination of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone) regimens. Forty-four patients were entered and 43 of these were fully evaluated for tumor response and toxicity. The complete remission rate was 80% for 20 patients receiving MCOP compared to 61% for 23 patients treated with CHOP. Response duration and overall survival were similar for the two treatments. Toxicity was almost comparable for the two treatments. Only alopecia was significantly less frequent in patients given MCOP than in those receiving CHOP. Mitoxantrone thus appears to be as effective as adriamycin in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Mitoxantrone-containing combination chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Thirty-one patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were entered in a trial of a four-drug combination of mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (MCOP). This trial was intended to test the efficacy of substituting mitoxantrone for adriamycin in the CHOP combination, and to evaluate tumor response in patients who had received anthracycline antibiotic therapy. Of 31 patients, 25 were fully evaluated for tumor response and toxicity. There were 7 responses (4 complete, 3 partial) among 9 patients who had received radiation alone or chemotherapy not containing anthracycline antibiotics, whereas there were 7 responses (3 complete, 4 partial) in 16 patients who had been given anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Median duration of response was 11+ weeks (range; 5 to 43+ weeks). The major toxicity was myelosuppression, although patients tolerated this well. This study suggested that mitoxantrone is not fully cross-resistant with anthracycline antibiotics and that MCOP is an effective regimen in patients with previously treated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, when salvage chemotherapy for CHOP-failure is intended, cyclophosphamide and vincristine in MCOP should be further substituted by other agents such as etoposide and cis-platinum.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Behçet's disease and streptococcal infection.

The streptococcal antigen was determined in the plasma of 26 patients with Behçet's disease, 30 patients with other uveitis (tuberculosis: 7, sarcoidosis: 6, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease: 6, toxoplasmosis: 6, trauma: 5), and 63 normal subjects with matched ages. The antigen titer in Behçet's patients, either during ocular attack or remission, was significantly higher than that in the normal control subjects (P less than 0.0001) and that of other uveitis subjects (P less than 0.001). Time-course study in the Behçet's disease cases showed that the titer was the highest during the attack and then decreased gradually as the ocular inflammation subsided. It was also found in two cases that the titer increased markedly just before the ocular attacks. There was no difference between the titer in other uveitis cases and that in the controls. By electron microscope, streptococcal L form-like structures were observed in the plasma and leukocyte layer of the blood of Behçet's patients sampled during the ocular attacks. Streptococcal infection may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Computer graphics representation of levels of organization in tobacco mosaic virus structure.

Methods for simplifying computer graphics images of atomic models of complex macromolecular assemblies have been applied to the tobacco mosaic virus structure to display different levels of its organization. By constructing sharply outlined pictures of the parts of the virus particle with the image resolution reduced or with obscuring detail eliminated, aspects of the subunit packing and chain folding are distinctly illustrated.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

Survival of an extensively burned infant following purulent pericarditis.

This is a report of the treatment and survival of an extensively burned infant following purulent pericarditis with massive pericardial effusion due to Staphylococcus aureus. A 2-year-old boy fell into a bathtub and suffered scalds covering at least 70 per cent of the body surface area. Pericarditis with massive pericardial effusion was diagnosed on post-burn day 36. As conservative treatment was ineffective pericardiotomy and pericardial drainage were carried out. Whole body oedema disappeared promptly and entirely and the patient was discharged from hospital with healed burns and free of cardiac symptoms.

Burns↗
PubMed1985

Primary repair of unilateral cleft lip.

The author's technique for the primary repair of unilateral cleft lip is described, including several improvements made over the last eight years. The technique aims at anatomical reconstruction of congenital anomalies of the orbicularis oris muscle as well as prevention of developmental disturbance and occurrence of deformity after surgical intervention. Cleft lip repair without muscle reconstruction may leave a concavity or a lump in the upper lip movement because of incomplete continuity of the orbicularis oris. No such result was found when muscle reconstruction was performed. In the primary repair of cleft lip, reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle is vital to preservation of good function and appearance of the lips.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1985

Plasma thromboxane B2, 6-keto PGF1 alpha and cyclic nucleotides levels as related to treadmill exercise test in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Plasma prostanoids and levels of cyclic nucleotides were studied in forty-nine outpatients with precordial pains and subjected to the treadmill exercise test. Blood samples were drawn before, immediately after and 30 minutes after exercise, from antecubital veins. Plasma TXB2, 6-keto PGF1 alpha, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results of exercise tests were evaluated according to the treadmill exercise score (TES) of Hollenberg et al. Patients were divided into two groups; those with TES (-) with ischemic findings in exercise and those with TES (+) with normal exercise response. There were no differences in TXB2 levels between the two groups before exercise. Immediately after exercise statistically significant differences in TXB2 levels were present between the two groups. There were increased levels in the TES (-) group and decreased levels in the TES (+) group (p less than 0.01). Although the 6-keto PGF1 alpha levels were the same between the two groups before exercise, 6-keto PGF1 alpha levels in the TES (+) group increased significantly immediately after exercise. Similar changes were noted in the case of cyclic nucleotides, and the differences increased immediately after exercise. We conclude that high responses of cyclic nucleotides and PGI2 are required to counteract increases in levels of TXA2 and diminution of these responses may be an important phenomenon involved in the physiological status of ischemic heart disease.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗