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Biomedical subjects

K Murayama

Publications and source records attributed to K Murayama.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Electroretinograms and pattern visually evoked cortical potentials in central areolar choroidal dystrophy.

We describe three patients with central areolar choroidal dystrophy whose electroretinograms (ERGs) and pattern visually evoked cortical potentials (VECPs) confirmed their macular dysfunction. Visual fields measured by Goldmann perimetry showed central relative scotomata corresponding to a dystrophic lesion. Dark adaptation curves were slightly abnormal either in the first curve or in the second curve, depending on the visual acuity. Color vision was disturbed irregularly. Fluorescein angiography revealed a loss of the choriocapillaries, and a hyperfluorescent border outlined the dystrophic lesion. Single-flash dark-adapted ERGs and scotopic ERGs were almost normal, while photopic and flicker ERGs showed slightly attenuated amplitudes. Conversely, VECPs to pattern reversal stimulation were greatly affected for both transient and steady-state stimuli. We conclude that, in central areolar choroidal dystrophy, pattern VECPs can provide more information on macular dysfunction than does the ERG.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Dural arteriovenous malformation in the posterior fossa presenting with multiple intracerebral hematomas. Case report].

A 59-year-old female was hospitalized because of disturbance of consciousness and convulsive seizures. She had taken a hormonal drug for 15 months after breast cancer surgery. A computed tomography scan revealed multiple high-density areas in the left temporal and frontal and the right parietal lobes. Angiography showed a dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior fossa fed by the occipital and the middle meningeal arteries and draining into the transverse sinus. It also demonstrated occlusion of the left sigmoid sinus in the venous phase. She complained of headache in the occipital region and dizziness. On day 13, the left occipital artery was ligated and cut, and then abnormal arterial anastomoses around the lesion were coagulated. After surgery, clinical symptoms disappeared. The etiology of dural AVM is controversial, but in this case it is suspected that sinus thrombosis due to the drug caused the dural AVM. The authors discuss the etiology and treatment of dural AVM in the posterior fossa.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1990

[Primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder: report of a case].

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the bladder is presented. A 42-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic with the chief complaint of asymptomatic hematuria. Examination of cystoscopy, IVP, ultrasonography and CT scan suggested a non-epithelial tumor of the bladder, which was reported as malignant lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, by findings of transurethral biopsy. Subsequent systemic CT scan, Ga-scintigraphy and bone marrow puncture revealed no abnormalities. Therefore, this case was thought to be primary malignant lymphoma of the bladder. Partial cystectomy with pelvic lymph node resection was carried out. The tumor, 2 x 1 cm in diameter, invaded into the middle portion of muscularis. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was follicular lymphoma, medium-sized cell type according to LSG classification, and immunohistological findings also showed B-cell lymphoma. Resected lymph nodes had no signs of neoplasms. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone was performed. She has been doing well without any clinical evidence of recurrence for 16 months after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bilateral macular colobomas in Leber's congenital amaurosis.

Two siblings with Leber's congenital amaurosis had bilateral macular colobomas, nystagmus, extinguished ERGs, and degenerative salt and pepper like changes in the fundus. They had non-recordable or non-meaningful visually evoked cortical potentials in response to both flash and pattern stimuli. The ophthalmic conditions were thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pattern visual evoked cortical potential measurement of luminance threshold in retinitis pigmentosa.

We measured the luminance threshold in eight patient (12 eyes) with retinitis pigmentosa using pattern reversal visual evoked cortical potentials (PVECPs). With decreasing pattern luminance (0 to 3.0 log unit neutral density filters), the amplitude of the p 100 component decreased linearly. Luminance threshold was determined by extrapolating the regression line of amplitude as a function of luminance to 0 microV. Our results showed that luminance threshold measured by PVECP was approximately 1.2 log units higher in patients with retinitis pigmentosa than in age-matched normal controls. Thus the PVECP may provide a way of quantitatively evaluating central retinal visual function in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical treatment of vulvar cancer].

Four cases of vulvar cancer during the four years from 1979 to 1983 were examined at Saitama Medical School. Radical vulvectomy was performed for three cases and radiation therapy was undertaken for another one in stage IV. 1) Lymph node metastasis was histologically recognized in one of the three cases after radical vulvectomy. The depth of stromal invasion in the case with lymph node metastasis was 8 mm and the others were 1 mm and 6 mm. 2) IAP, SCC, CEA, CA125 and ferritin were examined in the four cases. SCC, CEA, CA125 and ferritin values were within normal range in all cases, but IAP values elevated over the normal range in two. 3) Ultrastructurally, we observed vulvar cancer calls before and after administration of UFT or CDDP. The results suggested that UFT and CDDP are effective against vulvar cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of non-functioning adrenal cortical carcinoma with pulmonary and bony metastases].

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of edema and abnormal shadow in right pulmonary area. CT scan and abdominal aortography showed left adrenal mass. Moreover, the lung metastasis measured 60 x 65 mm and bony metastases were suspected in three areas on bone scanning. Under diagnosis of left non-functioning adrenal tumor with pulmonary and bony metastases, left adrenalectomy was performed. Histological diagnosis was left adrenal cortical carcinoma without lymph node metastasis. Treatment consisted of 3 g o,p-DDD and 400 mg carmofur per day after surgery. At present, pulmonary metastasis has decreased in size and bony metastases decreased in uptake on bone scan 12 months postoperatively.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[The therapeutic effect of enoxacin on chronic prostatitis].

The clinical efficacy of enoxacin (ENX) was evaluated in 39 patients having chronic prostatitis. The overall clinical efficacy of ENX was determined by three factors, (1) the effect on bacteria, (2) white blood cells in the VB3 and (3) the subjective symptoms. The overall clinical effectiveness rate was 80%. ENX eliminated 66.7% of the bacteria in the VB3. As determined from white blood cells in the VB3, 56.4% of patients were relieved of the inflammation of prostate by ENX. The subjective symptoms were improved by ENX treatment in 77% of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of micturitional dysfunction after the operation for rectal cancer and effects of mecobalamin on that dysfunction].

Examination including residual urine measurement, cystometry and urethral pressure profile was performed before and 8 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the operation in 17 patients with rectal cancer who were divided into mecobalamin administered group (8 patients) and non-administered group (9 patients) at random. Administration of mecobalamin (500 gamma i.m., 3 times a week for 4 weeks) was started within 3 weeks after the operation. In the 17 patients, the rate of patients with residual urine over 51 ml was 65% at 8 weeks, 24% at 3 months and 24% at 6 months. The mean value of bladder pressure at maximum capacity after the operation in the 17 patients showed a significant increase compared to that before the operation, while the mean value of maximum urethral pressure after the operation showed a significant decrease compared to that before the operation. The bladder pressure in patients with residual urine less than 50 ml was significantly lower than that in patients with residual urine over than 5 ml. The bladder pressure in patients with residual urine reduced to less than 50 ml at 3 months showed a tendency to decline. The rate of patients with residual urine of less than 50 ml at 8 weeks was 50% in the mecobalamin administered group and 22% in the non-administered group. There was no significant difference in bladder pressure between the two groups, or before and after the administration of mecobalamin.

Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1989

[A case of urethrorectal fistula].

A 59-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of diarrhea and pollakisuria. Retrograde urethrography, urethroscopy and urethral pressure profile revealed a fistula between the urethra and the rectum situated immediately above the external urethral sphincter. Surgical repair was performed by an abdominal approach. Following the total prostatectomy, the fistula was completely resected under direct vision. A closure of the anterior rectal wall and an anastomosis between the urethra and the bladder neck was performed. Operative results were satisfactory. Operative methods for the urethrorectal fistula are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

De novo guanylate synthesis in the commitment to replication in hepatoma 3924A cells.

This work tested the relationship of guanylate and adenylate biosynthesis during the display of the proliferative program of rat hepatoma 3924A cells. Since serine, the major source of one-carbon units, competed with the substrate [14C]formate for purine labeling, serine-free medium was used in the assays. The initial rates of purine de novo synthesis with [14C]formate or L-[3-14C]serine followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics yielding similar Vmax values with apparent Kms of 0.5 and 0.038 mM, respectively. During the transition of cancer cells from plateau phase into logarithmic proliferation the specific activity of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate synthase (EC 2.7.6.1, ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase) increased 2.2-fold, followed by a 14-fold elevation of the concentration of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate with a subsequent 8-fold rise in de novo purine synthesis. The ratio of guanylate to adenylate synthesis from IMP in plateau phase cells was 0.24 to 1. After replating the resting cells there was a sharp increase in the relative labeling of guanylates with a concurrent marked decrease in that of the adenylates, reaching an 8-fold rise in the ratio of guanylate to adenylate synthesis from IMP at the maximum deviation in the late lag phase at 20 to 24 h after seeding. This striking redirection in the distribution of label from IMP utilization to the preferential synthesis of guanylates during the expression of the biochemical proliferative program of cancer cells supports the potential significance of this pathway as a target of chemotherapy.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1988

Rapid quantification of 11 prostanoids by combined capillary column gas chromatography and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry: application to prostanoids released from normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts WI38 in a culture medium.

The rapid and simultaneous quantification of 11 prostanoids has been carried out with a short-capillary gas chromatograph and negative ion chemical ionization (ammonia) mass spectrometer. The methoxime-trimethylsilyl ether-pentafluorobenzyl esters (MO-TMS-PFB) of nine prostanoids, PGA1, PGA2, PGB1, PGB2, PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 and the TMS-PFB of two prostanoids, PGF1 alpha and PGF2 alpha, were separated in less than 5.5 min on a bonded OV-1 capillary column 0.25 mm i.d. x 6 m (0.15 micron thickness) using hydrogen as a carrier gas. PGD2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 were quantified up to 2.5 fmol injected (0.1 pmol derivatized) and both PGA2 and PGB2 up to 25 fmol injected (1 pmol derivatized). In order to maintain the stability of the prostanoids containing a carbonyl group, such as TXB2 during the purification and derivatization steps of biological materials, methyl acetate was used in place of methyl formate as an eluant for Sep-Pak C18 purification. Normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts W138 (5.63 x 10(5) cells in a log phase) produced: PGA2 15.28, PGB2 13.48, PGD2 7.95, PGE1 2.62, PGE2 177.76, PGF2 alpha 25.14, 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha 27.33 and TXB2 61.00 pmol in 10 ml of Eagle minimal essential medium.

Calibration↗
PubMed1988

Na/K pump activity in the new membrane formed at first cleavage in Cynops pyrrhogaster eggs.

Resting membrane potentials (Em) increased in the negative direction during first cleavage in Cynops pyrrhogaster eggs whose new membranes formed at first cleavage were exposed to bathing solutions by removing the vitelline envelopes. Em was -11.4 and -87.2 mV at the one- and two-cell stages, respectively. Na/K pump activity contributed to Em at the two-cell stage by about -30 mV. The distribution of Na/K ATPase activity was cytochemically studied by Ernst's method (S. A. Ernst, 1972, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 20, 23-38). The new membrane of the eggs at the two-cell stage showed the pump activity. But the activity was detected neither in the preexisting outer membrane of the eggs at the two-cell stage nor in the membrane at the one-cell stage.

Animals↗