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Biomedical subjects

K Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to K Miyake.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the right ventricle of the heart.

Right-sided cardiac malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is extremely rare, and to the authors' knowledge only three cases have been reported. In this study, a case of MFH in the right ventricle, the septum, and the pulmonary valves and artery in a 47 year old male is described. The tumor showed typical pathological features of MFH, such as cellular pleomorphism, storiform pattern and abundant mitoses. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopical findings were compatible with MFH, and excluded the possibility of leiomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma. Whole body examination, including Gallium scintigram, localized the primary site to the heart. The details of this case are presented with a review of the reported cases of cardiac MFH.

Heart Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Changes in rat bladder function following exposure to pain and water stimuli.

Changes in rat bladder function following the exposure to physical stress were studied in vitro. Rats were divided into two stress groups and two control groups and maintained for 6 months under specific conditions. The stress groups, consisting of animals subjected to water or pain stress and control groups were kept in cages floored with wooden chips or wire net. The body weight of the stressed groups was significantly lower than that of the controls. Gastric ulcer occurred in none of the groups. The detrusor response of the water group to acetylcholine was significantly greater than that of the two control groups. In the pain group, the contractile response was induced by norepinephrine. In the other three groups, however, norepinephrine evoked a relaxation of muscle strips. The contractile response of the bladder to both serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) did not differ between the four groups.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1995

Management of chronic orchialgia of unknown etiology.

The treatment of patients with chronic unilateral or bilateral orchialgia, defined as intermittent or constant testicular pain of greater than 3 months and of unclear cause, is difficult. This pain significantly interferes with the daily activities of the patient. We have seen 12 patients with chronic orchialgia of unknown etiology and each had a normal history, physical examination and normal scrotal sonogram. Three patients were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and obtained partial pain relief. Three patients underwent spermatic cord nerve blockade using a combination of 1% lidocaine and 40 mg methylprednisolone and experienced partial pain relief. Four patients underwent inguinal orchiectomy after failing conservative management: three reported complete relief of pain, and the other partial relief. Two patients had bilateral transrectal injections of local anesthetic (5 ml bupivacaine) and methylprednisolone into the region of the pelvic plexus under transrectal ultrasound guidance. They were successfully treated with this injection technique. On the basis of our results, we recommend transrectal blockade of nerves from the pelvic plexus or inguinal orchiectomy as the procedure of choice for patients in whom medical treatment fails.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Endoscopic trigonoplasty for primary vesico-ureteric reflux.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical results of endoscopic trigonoplasty in patients with primary vesicoureteric reflux. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Records were reviewed for 12 patients who underwent endoscopic trigonoplasty between February 1992 and February 1994. Of the 12 patients, 11 were female; one was a child and nine had unilateral disease. From 15 renoureteric units, grade I vesico-ureteric reflux was demonstrated in five, grade II in six and grade III in four. The ureteric orifices were approximated close to the midline via the urethral route and two trocars on the abdomen achieved pneumobladder. RESULTS: The mean surgical time was 178 +/- 52 min; this lessened as the learning curve developed. Intra-operative complications in three patients were all caused by trocar placement. Eleven patients required analgesics for one post-operative day only. No post-operative dilatation of the upper urinary tract was demonstrated. Vesico-ureteric reflux was eradicated in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic trigonoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure with a high cure rate. By not destroying the normal vesico-ureteric junction, post-operative obstruction cannot occur. We believe that endoscopic trigonoplasty is a feasible procedure for patients with vesico-ureteric reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Successful pregnancy after microfertilization with epididymal sperm retrieved by micropuncture technique in the patient with congenital absence of the vas deferens.

A case report describes successful microfertilization of oocytes of a 27-year-old woman with epididymal sperm retrieved by micropuncture technique from the patient with congenital absence of the vas deferens. Microfertilization treatment resulted in a singleton pregnancy; the child has since been born. Treatment of couples involving men with surgically unreconstructible obstruction is now possible. Our experience indicates that sperm retrieved with this new technique, when combined with assisted reproductive technologies, permits fertilization for the men with surgically irreparable vasal obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Sequential changes in the prostatic fluid level of latamoxef in patients with acute bacterial prostatitis.

The sequential expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) levels of latamoxef (LMOX) were measured in 14 patients with acute bacterial prostatitis to evaluate the diffusion of this antibiotic from the plasma into the prostatic fluid. All patients received 2 g of LMOX on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days of hospitalization. The mean LMOX level in EPS and the EPS/serum ratio were 16.4 micrograms/ml and 0.24 on the 1st day, 5.5 micrograms/ml and 0.08 on the 4th day, and 3.5 micrograms/ml and 0.04 on the 7th day, respectively. The mean value of prostatic fluid was 7.7, 7.8, and 7.8, respectively. Thus, both the EPS level of LMOX and the EPS/serum ratio decreased along with the recovery from acute bacterial prostatitis and did not correlate with the pH gradient between prostatic fluid and plasma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Contraction-induced cell wounding and release of fibroblast growth factor in heart.

The heart hypertrophies in response to certain forms of increased mechanical load, but it is not understood how, at the molecular level, the mechanical stimulus of increased load is transduced into a cell growth response. One possibility is that mechanical stress provokes the release of myocyte-derived autocrine growth factors. Two such candidate growth factors, acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF and bFGF, respectively), are released via mechanically induced disruptions of the cell plasma membrane. In the present study, we demonstrate that transient, survivable disruption (wounding) of the cardiac myocyte plasma membrane is a constitutive event in vivo. Frozen sections of normal rat heart were immunostained to reveal the distribution of the wound event marker, serum albumin. Quantitative image analysis of these sections indicated that an average of 25% of the myocytes contained cytosolic serum albumin; ie, this proportion had suffered a plasma membrane wound. Wounding frequency increased approximately threefold after beta-adrenergic stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction. Heparin-Sepharose chromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, growth assay coupled with antibody neutralization, and two-dimensional SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting were used to demonstrate that both aFGF and bFGF were released from an ex vivo beating rat heart. Importantly, beta-adrenergic stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction increased FGF release. Cell wounding is a fundamental but previously unrecognized aspect of the biology of the cardiac myocyte. We propose that contraction-induced cardiac myocyte wounding releases aFGF and bFGF, which then may act as autocrine growth-promoting stimuli.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effects of L-dopa on cholecystokinin octapeptide tissue levels in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rat brain.

We investigated the changes in cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) tissue levels after the intraperitoneal administration of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treated rat brains to clarify the interaction between CCK8 and dopamine (DA). The administration of L-DOPA to the normal rats elevated the regional CCK8-like immunoreactivity (CCK8LI) tissue levels in a dose dependent manner in the frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens where CCK neurons were closely associated with DA neurons but not in the hippocampus where CCK neurons were identified as local circuit neurons. Moreover, coadministration of D2-selective antagonist, L-sulpiride, with L-dopa inhibited the elevation of CCK8LI levels in several brain regions. This evidence indicates that CCK8 release was inhibited by exogenous DA converted from L-dopa via D2 receptor stimulation. In the 6-OHDA treated rats on the 3rd day after the treatment, the L-dopa administration elevated the CCK8 levels in several regions. However, the elevation of CCK8LI levels was not observed on the 7th day after the 6-OHDA treatment. These results suggest that there would be a great difference in the effect of L-DOPA on CCK8LI levels between the 3rd day and 7th day after 6-OHDA treatment. It was concluded that the changes in CCK8LI levels would be due to changes in CCK8 release, and that the CCK8 release would be regulated by extracellular DA via D2 receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Regional characteristics of [125I]cholecystokinin octapeptide specific binding to rat brain membranes following 6-hydroxydopamine treatment.

The relative changes in the amount of specific [125I]cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) bound to regional brain membrane preparations after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treatment were examined. The specific binding in the frontal cortex and striatum decreased and reached a minimum on the 3rd day after 6-OHDA treatment. Thereafter, the specific binding recovered to 60% and 65% of control values in the frontal cortex and striatum respectively on the 28th day. On the other hand, in the nucleus accumbens, where CCK8 co-exists in the dopamine neuron, the specific binding decreased gradually, and its recovery was delayed compared with that of the frontal cortex and striatum. In the hippocampus, 6-OHDA treatment had no effect on the specific binding throughout the experimental period. The decrease of [125I]CCK8-specific binding could be caused by enhanced release of CCK8 in the frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens, and the recovery of specific binding could be induced by depletion of CCK8 in nerve terminals. Particularly in the nucleus accumbens, the delayed recovery of specific binding suggests the loss of the pre-synaptic binding site, which exists in the CCK8/DA co-existing neuron, together with a change in CCK8 release.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Isolation of immortal human endothelial cells.

To get immortalized endothelial cells, human endothelial cells were transfected with a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 DNA. The majority of transfected cells showed a prolonged life span and temperature-dependent cell growth. One of the clones, #5-1, grew either at 33 or 37 degrees C and could be cultured more than 110 generations. The cells expressed several endothelial cell specific characteristics.

Antigens, Viral, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

Effects of alpha-blocker on daily testicular sperm production and sperm concentration, motility, intraluminal pressure and fluid movement in the rat epididymis.

This study was undertaken to investigate whether alpha-blocker has an effect on daily testicular sperm production and epididymal sperm parameters, intraluminal pressure and fluid movement in the rat cauda epididymal tubules. Sprague-Dawley rats were given daily oral doses 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg of Bunazosin, which was a selective alpha-blocker, for three months. Intraluminal fluids were collected from the cauda epididymidis using a micropuncture technique. Sperm concentration was determined with a sperm concentration microassay. Motility estimates were made by measurements of linear distance traveled by sperm in the diluent. Epididymal intraluminal pressure was measured through a micropunctured pipette connected to a micropressure transducer. Intraluminal fluid movement was examined by measurement of the distance which Sudan Black stained mineral oil moved along the epididymal tubules. Outside diameters of seminiferous and epididymal tubules were measured by light microscopy. Epididymal sperm concentrations were significantly increased after administration of alpha-blocker. Progressive motility of spermatozoa was not significantly altered by alpha-blocker. Intraluminal pressures were significantly reduced and intraluminal fluid movement rates were significantly increased by alpha-blocker. Daily sperm production was significantly increased by alpha-blocker. Outside diameters of seminiferous and epididymal tubules were significantly distended when treated with alpha-blocker. These results demonstrate that alpha-blocker has an effect on spermatogenesis and sperm transport in the rat testis and epididymis.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Dual rearrangement of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes in a case of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes.

We report here a case of "splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes" (SLVL) which exhibited both B- and T-cell phenotypes and genotypes. The patient was a 73-year-old man. Physical examination revealed splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. The white blood cell count was 55.2 x 10(9)/L with 70.5% atypical lymphocytes, having cytoplasmic villi, characteristic of SLVL. The atypical cells infiltrated both the red and white pulps. Immunological analysis of the peripheral leukocytes showed both B- and T-cell phenotypes (CD5,CD11c,CD19,CD20,HLA-DR, SmIgM and lambda positive). DNA analysis revealed a dual rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and T-cell receptor beta gene. SLVL has been identified as a B-cell leukemia with a relatively benign clinical course. This case had both B- and T-cell pheno- and genotypes with a progressive course. To the best of our knowledge, no case of SLVL with dual genotypes has ever been reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in cataract intraocular lens surgery.

In recent years various well-controlled, prospective trials using several clinical parameters have shown nonsteroidal eye drops to be effective in treating postimplantation surgical inflammation. The efficacy of nonsteroidal drugs, however, is influenced by several factors such as the patient's race and other criteria. For this reason, further randomized clinical trials with a larger number of cases are necessary to determine the effectiveness of nonsteroidal eye drops compared with steroids. The effects of nonsteroidal agents in preventing intraoperative miosis and treating chronic cystoid macular edema are still especially controversial.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1995

Urodynamic study of storage and evacuation of urine in patients with a urethral Kock pouch.

PURPOSE: The urodynamics of pouch-urethra function were investigated in patients with a urethral Kock pouch to understand mechanisms involved in the storage and evacuation of urine, and elucidate any problems of long-term outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urodynamic evaluation was performed in 18 male patients who underwent bladder replacement with a urethral Kock pouch following radical cystectomy. RESULTS: Good urinary continence was achieved with normal frequency of voiding. On urodynamics pressure within the pouch remained low during the storage phase (mean 33.2 cm. water) but markedly increased during the evacuation of urine (mean 77.3 cm. water). In 8 patients (44%) extremely high pressure within the pouch (80 to 150 cm. water) was noted at voiding. Clean intermittent self-catheterization was initiated in a patient with high pressure within the pouch at voiding in whom pouch-ureter reflux developed 7 months postoperatively. The external urethral sphincter was impaired to some extent postoperatively but it contracted in response to filling of the pouch with a marked increase in urethral pressure from a mean of 31.6 to 66.3 cm. water. CONCLUSIONS: Urodynamic and radiological studies will be necessary periodically since high pressure within the pouch at voiding might jeopardize the antireflux mechanism, leading to reflux and renal impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

High prevalence of anti-phospholipid antibodies and anti-thyroglobulin antibody in patients with hepatitis C virus infection treated with interferon-alpha.

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: We investigated the prevalence rate of beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI)-dependent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)[anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL), anti-phosphadidylserine antibody (aPS), and anti-phosphatidic acid antibody (aPA)], antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody (aDNA), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (aTG), and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (aTPO) in 56 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and correlated the results with inteferon-alpha (IFN) treatment. RESULTS: aCL, aPS, and aPA were positive in, respectively, 7/56 (13%), 12/56 (21%), and 13/56 (23%) patients before treatment. aPS and aPA appeared in 6/44 and 9/43 and disappeared in 6/12 and 2/13 patients, respectively, after IFN treatment; the differences were statistically significant. The changes in OD readings were higher in the group of patients who became positive for aPS and aPA than in those who became negative after treatment. The positive rates of aTG and aTPO in the patient group were statistically higher than in the healthy controls, and aTG developed in four patients and disappeared in two. No obvious changes in aTPO were observed; however, the aTPO titer was increased in four previously positive patients. None of the patients positive for any antibodies developed an abnormality associated with these antibodies during an observation period of up to 1 yr. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis of production and clinical significance of aPL, ATG/aTPO in this clinical setting are unclear, but immunological disturbances, such as the effects of HCV infection and/or IFN treatment, were considered to be a possibility. Further investigation is needed to clarify whether HCV/aPL- and/or aTG/aTPO-positive patients treated with IFN might develop aPL-associated complications and/or autoimmune disease(es), in the future and to confirm whether IFN treatment justifies the outcome in this clinical setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Serum estradiol levels in normal men and men with idiopathic infertility.

Serum estradiol levels were measured in 360 men attending an infertility clinic and 68 proven fertile men to determine whether estradiol measurements are clinically useful. The normal range of estradiol levels found in fertile men was 10-82 pg/ml. Serum concentrations of estradiol in azoospermic or oligozoospermic patients were significantly lower than those in normozoospermic men (p < 0.021). Serum concentrations of testosterone were also significantly decreased in infertile patients (p < 0.025). This decrease in serum estradiol may be partly due to reduced testosterone levels in these men because estradiol is mainly formed by peripheral aromatization of testosterone in fatty and muscle tissues. However, the exact mechanism for the decrease in the serum estradiol levels remains undetermined. It is concluded that serum estradiol levels are significantly low in the men with various testicular disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A monoclonal antibody against a murine CD38 homologue delivers a signal to B cells for prolongation of survival and protection against apoptosis in vitro: unresponsiveness of X-linked immunodeficient B cells.

A novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) was established in an attempt to look for a cell-surface molecule that delivered a signal regulating apoptotic cell death of B cells. Because spleen cells in resting culture die from apoptosis, mAb were looked for that were able to prolong spleen cell survival in vitro. This screening selected mAb CS/2. CS/2 not only prolonged spleen cell survival in vitro, but also protected spleen cells from apoptotic cell death brought about by irradiation or dexamethasone. Moreover, stimulation of spleen cells with CS/2 mAb induced changes of cells to blastoid morphology, and a significant uptake of [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR). The antigen recognized by CS/2 mAb (CS/2 Ag) was expressed on preB cells, B cells, and Mac-1+ cells. The cells surviving in vitro culture or irradiation in response to ligation with CS/2 mAb were mostly B cells expressing the CS/2 Ag. In addition, B cells from X-linked immunodeficient (XID) mice did not respond to CS/2 mAb. These results indicate that CS/2 mAb is agonistic to B cells, and that XID mice are deficient in this CS/2 mAb-mediated activation pathway. Determination of the amino-terminal 24 amino acid residues revealed that the CS/2 Ag appears to be identical to the CS/2 mAb is directed against a murine CD38 homologue, and suggest a possible role of the murine CD38 homologue in controlling apoptotic cell death of B cells.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗